Rat air pouch

The intraperitoneal administration of berbamine into rats suppressed subcutaneous rat air pouch leukocyte infiltration that was induced by interleukin-1 (1L-1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and platelet-activating factor (PAF), at an EDJ0 20-30 mg/kg/3 days. The utilization of berbamine may be of value in the therapy of chronic inflammatory diseases where IL-1, TNF, and PAF play in role in pathogenesis [177]. 

Stevens, A.J. Martin, S.W. Brennan, B.S. McLachlan, A. Gifford, L.A. Rowland, M. Houston, J.B. Regional drug delivery II Relationship between drug targeting index and pharmacokinetic parameters for three non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs using the rat air pouch model of inflammation. Pharm.Res., 1995, 12, 1987-1996... 

Murphey, D. K., and Buescher, E. S. (1993). Human colostrum has anti-inflammatory activity in a rat subcutaneous air pouch model of inflammation. Pediatr. Res. 34, 208-212. 

Ford et al. (1995) assessed the intestinal permeability changes induced by non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs in the rat. A subcutaneous air pouch was formed by injection of 10 ml sterile air prior to the experiment. Five ml of a 0.4 % carrageenan solution were injected into the pouch simultaneously with a subcutaneous injection of various doses of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and the rats allowed access to food. After various time intervals, different markers were given orally and urine collected for 5 h. The use of [51Cr]-EDTA as marker was found to be the most sensitive and reproducible method. The results correlated well with data of ulcer formation. 

Ohuchi, K., Hirasawa, N., Takeda, H., Asano, K., Watanabe, M. and Tsurufuji, S. (1987). Mechanism of antianaphylactic action of 0-agonists in allergic inflammation of air pouch type in rats. Int. Arch. Allergy Appl. Immunol. 82, 26-32. 

Its mechanism of action, however, is not completely elucidated. Kamakura et al. [94] studied the effects of stem bromelain on the plasma kallikrein system, bradykinin levels and plasma exudation at the inflammatory site in rats with a kaolin-induced inflammation of an air pouch. Bromelain caused a dose-dependent decrease of bradykinin levels (measured with the method of Minami et al. [95]) at the inflammatory site and a parallel decrease of the prekallikrein levels in sera [88]. Plasma exudation was also reduced dose-dependently. Bradykinin-degrading activity in sera was elevated after bromelain treatment, but not in the pouch fluid. The authors conclude that bromelain inhibits plasma exudation through inhibition of the bradykinin generation at the inflammatory site via depletion of the plasma kallikrein system. Bromelain also shows a dose-dependent analgesic effect in concanavalin A-injected paws of 5.6 mg/kg i.v.), considered to be due to decrease of high molecular weight kininogen [96]. 

Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE). CAPE, a phenolic compound with antioxidant properties, is an active ingredient derived from honeybee propolis (52). CAPE has antiviral, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties. The compound differentially suppresses the growth of numerous human cancer cells and also inhibits tumor promoter-mediated processes in transformed cells (53,54). In transformed cells, CAPE induces apoptosis and inhibits the expression of the malignant phenotype (55,56). In addition, CAPE treatment attenuates the formation of azoxymethane-induced aberrant crypts and the activities of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), tyrosin protein kinase, and lipoxygenase activity (57). Although the molecular basis for these multiple chemopreventive effects of CAPE is not clear, recent studies have demonstrated that CAPE is a potent and specific inhibitor of the transcription factor NF-kB (58). CAPE inhibited the activity and expression of COX-2 in the carrageenan air pouch model of inflammation as well as in TPA-treated human oral epithelial cells (59). CAPE was able to reduce neointimal formation by inhibiting NF-kB activation in a model of endothelial injury of rat carotid artery (60). 

Tetrandrine and its synthetic analogues (13 and 14) displayed potent inhibitory effect on FBS-stimulated angiogenesis of cultured choroidal tissues explanted of streptozotocin-diabetic Wistar rats and in vivo air-pouch granuloma angiogenesis in diabetic mice. This study indicated that Ws[tetrahydroisoquinoline] unit coimected by oxy-Ws[phenylenemethylene] and 2,2-dimethyl groups was important structural feature for antiangiogenic activity. Analogue 13 may be considered as lead compound to treat diabetes-associated choroidopathy and retinopathy [72]. 

Kontrawelert, R, Francis, D.L., Brooks, RM., Ghosh, R. (1989) Application of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent-inhibition assay to quantitate the release of KS peptides into fluids of the rat subcutaneous air pouch model and the effects of chondroprotective drugs on the release process. Rheumatology International, 9 (2), 77-83. 

An infusion of the dried flowering tops showed in vitro hydroxyl radical and hypochlorus acid scavenging activity. Orally administered, a Altered water suspension of the dried herb showed anti-inflammatory activity in a rat model of polyarthritis and when topically applied in a cream (2.5-10%) in the air-pouch granuloma bioassay. Antipyretic activity was found in rats from oral administration of the suspension against 2,4-dinitrophenol- and amphetamine-induced hyperthermia. Antipyretic activity of the herh is reported to be due to phenolic acids.Hepatoprotective activity against acetaminophen-induced toxicity was shown from oral administration of a methanol extract of the leaves. 

A subcutaneous dorsal pouch is produced in the rat by the injection of 25 ml. of air into this space is injected 0-5-1 ml. of 1 per cent croton oil in cotton-seed or similar oil. Over the following days a haemorrhagic exudate accumulates in the pouch, the wall of which becomes thickened and granulomatous. To increase the exudation of fluid into the cavity the air may be withdrawn 48 hours after the formation of the pouch. The animals are killed... 

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