Stem bromelain

Bromelains.—Bromelains (stem and juice) have been purified by a process that involved blocking the sulphydryl groups with phenylmercury(ii) acetate. ... 

Amylo-1,6-D-glucosidase Arabinanase Arylsulphatase 4-L-Aspartyl-P-D-glucosylamine amidohydrolase Bromelain (juice) Bromelain (stem) Carbohydrate isomerases Carbohydrate transferases Carboxypeptidases A—C Carboxypeptidase Y Cellobiase... 

Bromelain Stem and juice of pineapples Food Priem et al. (1993)... 

Another subclass of proteases attacks internal peptide bonds and Hberates large peptide fragments. Bromelain, a plant protease derived from the stem of the pineapple plant, can even produce detectable semm proteolysis after oral adrninistration (180). Oral therapy with bromelain significantly reduces bmising that stems from obstetrical manipulations (181). Bromelain—pancreatin combinations have been more effective in digestive insufficiency compared to either pancreatin or placebo (182,183). Bromelain may also enhance the activity of antibiotics, especially tetracycline, when adrninistered concurrently (184). 

Fuke, I. and Matsuoka, H. 1984. Preparation of fermented soybean curd using stem bromelain. J. Food Sci. 49, 312-313. 

Husain, S. S., and Lowe, G. (1968) Evidence for histidine in the active sites for ficin and stem-bromelain. Biochem. J. 110, 53. 

G, Kamphuis, J. Drentii, and E. N. Baker. Thiol protease. Comparative studies based on the high-resolution structures of papain and actinidin, and an amino acid sequence information far cathenaim B and R and stem bromelain. J. MoL BioL /62 317 (19B5). 

Since heterogeneity of stem bromelain was reported by Heinicke and Gortner ( ]. a number of studies have indicated that crude stem bromelain contains several... 

L-pyroglutarayl-1 -phenylalanyl- L-leucme-p-nitroanilide than the main component and was found to be unglycosylatrd [25], Stem bromelain was isolated from... 

Pure stem bromelain with high catalytic activity was obtained by an elegant isolation procedure using solubilization in the presence of Amberlite XAD-4,... 

Several nonproteolydc enzymes Have been isolated from erode stem bromelain including a phosphatase, a peroxidase, a cellulase, and other glycosi-... 

A family of cysteine proteinase inhibitors different from the cystatin super-family was Isolated from pineapple stem acetone powder. These inhibitors have a Mr of about 5800 and are composed of a longer (41 amino acids) and a shorter (1L ammo acids) peptide chain connected with disulfide bonds [29]. The conserved sequence Gin- fal-Val-AJa-Gly of the cystatins is not present in these inhibitors, indicating a different mechanism of interaction. The bromelain inhibitor VI was found to share similar folding and disulfide band connectivities with the Bowman-Bilk trypsiu/chymatrypsm inhibitor from soybean [30,31]. Hie physiological role of these inhibitors remains undear. 

Stem bromelain has a broad substrate specificity, dose to the specificity of ficin (EC 3.4.22.3), end hydrolyzes a great variety of synthetic and natural substrates. It preferentially cleaves peptide bonds when a hydrophobic group is in the rz position. (According to Scheduler and Betger [32], the amino add residues in a substrate undergoing cleavage are designated as Pi, P2, P3, etc. in the N-tennmal direction and Pi, Y P3r, etc. in the C-temunal direction from the cleaved bond.) Predominantly Gly-Fhe, Phe-Ser, Tyr-Ile, and "iyr-Val bands are cleaved [33,34]. The specificity of bromelain is different from that of papain and ficin in that it hydrolyzes most effectively derivatives of Lys, Ala, T r, Gly, and Asn [35]. 

Stem bromelain is able to interact with two or more sequential amino adds in a peptide substrate, demonstrated by using A -benzyloxycarbonyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-serine methyl ester [36]. A glutamic add residue in position P3 prevents cleavage of the susceptible peptide braid. The sequences containing negatively charged residues in position P3 and P4 remain intact [37]. 

Table 1 Kinetic Parameters of Substrate Hydrolysis by Stem Bromelain...

Ritonja et al. [45] revealed the complete amino add sequence of stem bromelain. Their results show that stem bromelain exists as a single polypeptide chain with... 

The structure of stem bromelain oligosaccharides shows interesting features ... 

Figure 1 Alignment of the amino acid sequences of stem bromelain and papain. Amino adds identical for both sequences are boxed. Bioin Anaco Bromelain from Ananas comasun Papa Carpa papain from Cariea papaya. (Sequences were extracted from the SwissProt protean sequence dara base.)...

The sequence of itnn bromelain ccstsis one- snllhydiyl group and three intrapeptide disulfide bonds [45]. The homology between stem bromelain and... 

InsohibillzMion of stem bromelain with caiboxvmethvkellulose as carrier... 

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