Rapid check

Smith recommends obtaining the settling height (tray spacing minus clear liquid depth) by applying the familial Francis Weir formula. For our purposes of rapidly checking column diameter, a faster approach is needed. 

The cobalt content may be rapidly checked by titration with standard EDTA solution in the presence of xylenol orange as indicator (see Section 10.59). 

Kurtz and Ward 22) have described a composite function of the refractive index and density which they call the refractivity intercept. The equation is R. Int = n — d/2. The value of the refractivity intercept lies in the fact that for hydrocarbon isomers it is more constant than most other functions. Its chief uses are the rapid checking of physical property data found in the literature and distinguishing between naphthenes, paraffins, and aromatics. 

The output of a lamp may be monitored by chemical actinometry. The standard method remains the irradiation of potassium ferrioxalate which is useful in the range 254 to 480 nm. The method is described in detail by Calvert and Pitts (1966) and by Murov (1973). But perhaps, the most convenient way to check the lamp output is to keep a stock solution of a model compound or the reagent itself, if it is readily available, and determine its rate of photolysis periodically by irradiation in a spectrophotometer cuvet. In this way the output of the lamp in the region of interest can be rapidly checked. An alternative is to use one of many radiation measuring instruments that are commercially available, a thermopile and voltmeter, for example (see Appendix for a list of manufacturers). 

The solvent-free, microwave-assisted coupling of thienyl boronic acids and esters with thienyl bromides, using aluminum oxide as the solid support, served to rapidly check the reaction trends on changing times, temperature, catalyst, and base and easily optimize the experimental conditions to obtain the desired product in fair amounts. This procedure offers a novel, general, and very rapid route to the preparation of soluble thiophene oligomers. Quaterthiophene 265 was obtained in 6 min by reaction of 2-bromo-2,2 -bithiophene with bis(pinacolato)diborane(4) in 65% yield, whereas dithiophene 266 was obtained with 70% yield. The synthesis of new chiral 2,2 -bithiophenes also was reported. The detailed... 

Rasmussen [540] applied on-column silylation to the quantitative determination of morphine. A 1-jul volume of a morphine solution in ethyl acetate (containing ca. 1 /ig of the drug) and 2 jul of TMSIM were injected with temperatures of the injection port and of the column of 275 and 250°C, respectively, using 3% of Dexsil 300 as the stationary phase. It was stated that in this arrangement no free bases could be detected, i.e., the conversion was complete and the method provided reproducible results (the coefficient of variation was 1.3%). It was recommended preferrably for the rapid checking of pharmaceutical preparations. 

A rapid check of the groups dimension, which appears in relationships (6.3) and (6.4), shows that they actually are dimensionless criteria ... 

Verification tests that are used as a rapid check to confirm that the material is the same as that which has been subjected to the compliance tests. 

Once analytical capability and rapid turn around time are available locally or on the farm, many crop management decisions will be guided by this type of analysis. One example available commercially allows state inspectors to rapidly check that pesticide containers have been properly rinsed before they are discarded. Certain states require a deposit on all restricted pesticide containers. Deposits are refunded only if the container being returned passes a rapid assay which confirms that the container has been properly rinsed. The tests currently used for this on-site analysis are based on immunoassays as well as a colorimetric cholinesterase inhibition assay (26). 

In order to achieve the rapid and precise determination of microcystins in complicated matrices, a systematic procedure is seriously required. This may include screening, sample purification, identification, and quantification processes. Screening is intended to rapidly check for the presence of microcystins in a small amount of sample,... 

This method can be used as a rapid check to determine gross levels of acidic or basic contamination of the polyol. The pH is determined on a solution of the sample in a solvent containing 10 parts of 99% isopropanol to 6 parts of boiled distilled water. 

CAUTION Do not overheat This overheating will cause loss of ether solvent and promote formation of byproducts. Small fragments of magnesium may remain at the end of the reaction. Maintain no more than a gentle reflux at all times. If solvent volume decreases rapidly, check for leaks around the Capseals and add additional anhydrous ether through the septum to make up for the lost volume of ether. 

Therefore, if the detection test is not sophisticated, in terms of both the testing techniques and the means, it can be done on site and requires no background science of either microbiology or corrosion, we call these tests rapid check tests . In this regard, a majority of the tests called rapid check tests by some experts [14, 36] will need to be re-assigned. To give an idea of what these so-called quick check tests are, here is a list of the test types ... 

Searching spectral libraries may involve the use of inverted lists. These consist of each characteristic absorption band or emission line along with a list of corresponding numbered library spectra that include that particular band or line. A list for the spectrum of an unknown analyte can then be rapidly checked against the library lists. An example of part of an inverted list for an infrared spectral library is shown in Figure 1. It includes spectrum No. 66 among those listed with an absorbance band at 1220 cm and spectrum No. 105 among those listed with an absorbance band at 2730 cm . ... 

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