Quantitative traits

Fig. 3. Homologous chromosomes having evenly spaced genetic markers (1 9). The segregation of the or quantitative trait loci (QTL) can be followed using marker 2. Polymorphisms within marker 2 can be used to foUow the segregation of the genes within the QTL, even though the exact location or...

These findings were unexpected because previous studies had demonstrated that the y2 subunit is required for potentiation of GABAa receptor function by low concentrations of ethanol [2]. The y2 subunit gene is located within a definitely mapped quantitative trait locus (QTL) for acute alcohol withdrawal on mouse chromosome 11 [1]. Allelic variation was genetically... 

Buck KJ, Metten P, Belknap JK et al (1997) Quantitative trait loci involved in genetic predisposition to acute alcohol withdrawal in mice. J Neurosci 17 3946-3955... 

Phenotype is the actual appearance of an organism or, more specifically in the research context, of a trait of interest. It may be a binary trait, i.e., the presence/ absence of a disease, for example essential hypertension, or a quantitative trait, such as blood pressure level. 

Buck K, Metten P, Belknap J, et al Quantitative trait loci affecting risk for pentobarbital withdrawal map near alcohol withdrawal loci on mouse chromosomes 1, 4, and... 

Chaib, J. et al., Stability over genetic backgrounds, generations and years of quantitative trait locus (QTLs) for organoleptic quality in tomato, Theoret. Appl. Genet. 112, 934, 2006. 

Plomin, R. and Craig, I. (2000), Genetics, environment and cognitive abilities review and work in progress towards a genome scan for quantitative trait locus associations using DNA pooling , British Journal of Psychiatry, 178(Supp. 40), 41 -48. 

Lynch, M. and Walsh, B. (1998), Genetics and the Analysis of Quantitative Traits, Sinauer Association, Sunderland, MA. 

Characterization of mood as a quantitative trait (QTL analysis) not yet accomplished... 

K, Conneally PM, Hesselbrock V, Rice JP, Schuckit MA, Cloninger R, Nurn-berger JJr., Crowe R, Bloom, FE. Quantitative trait loci analysis of human event-related brain potentials P3 voltage. Elec-troenceph Clin Neurophysiol 1998 1-7. 

Markel PD, Bennett B, Beeson M, Gordon L, Johnson TE. Confirmation of quantitative trait loci for ethanol sensitivity in long-sleep and short sleep mice. Genome Res 1997 7 92-99. 

Duggirala R, Almasy L, J. Blangero J. Smoking behavior is under the influence of a major quantitative trait locus on human chromosome 5q. Genet Epidemiol 1999 17(Suppl 1) 139-144. 

Pork is the product of a very complex process. All the various characteristics of pork quality cannot be assessed directly in each carcass because these measurements and assessments would be too expensive. Therefore, previous scientific quality assessment of meat is primarily an indirect approach based on a few easily detectable quantitative traits and on the prescription of minimal standards in relation to the product in terms of size or composition and in relation to the production process. The prescriptions and the exclusion criteria vary between countries or between labelling programmes. The most encompassing prescriptions are enshrined in the EC regulation on organic livestock production (EEC No. 2092/91). Owing to this approach, extreme deviations in quality traits and deleterious effects are prevented. However, there is still space left within these framework conditions for huge variability in pork quality. 

Lloyd, S. E. et al. Identification of multiple quantitative trait loci linked to prion disease incubation period in mice. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 98 6279-6283, 2001. 

For next development of allelopathy utilization, especially such ways as breeding for stronger allelopathic potential is very hopeful. Hybridization could be a promising method of breeding. However, allelopathic activity was identified as a quantitative trait and therefore this characteristic is affected by both genetic effects and environmental conditions. The main disadvantage of the application of allelopathy is considerable variability in the dependence on environment. Therefore all results achieved in laboratory should be compared with effects of allelopathic crops in field conditions. 

Keywords genetic engineering, genetic diversity, heavy metals, metal accumulation, metal tolerance, model plants, organic contaminants, quantitative trait loei... 

Paterson, A. H., Lander, E. S., Hewitt, J. D., Peterson, S., Lincoln, S. E., Tanksley, S. D., 1988, Resolution of quantitative traits into Mendehan factors by using a complete linkage map of restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Nature 335 721-726. 

Willems, G., and Samitou-Laprade, P., 2004, Genetic characterisation and mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci involved in zinc tolerance and accumulation in Arabidopsis halleri subsp. halleri, COST Action 859, 1 WG2 Workshop - Exploiting -omics approaches in phytotechnologies, p. 45. 

Because these are quantitative traits, correlation coefficients, rather than concordance rates, are given. 

Katzov, H., Chalmers, K., Palmgren, J., et al. (2004) Genetic variants of ABCAl modify Alzheimer disease risk and quantitative traits related to beta-amyloid metabolism. Hum. 

Katengam S, Crane JM, Slabaugh MB, Knapp SJ (200J) Genetic mapping of a macromutation and quantitative trait loci underlying fatty acid composition differences in meadowfoam oil. Crop Sci 41 1927-1930... 

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