Public attention

Variations in the manufacturing process of 2,4,5-trichloro- and pentachlorophenol (but not 2,4-dichlorophenol) have sometimes resulted in contamination of the product by small amounts of heterocyclic impurities (4,5). Of these, the chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins such as TCDD (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin) have received much scientific and public attention because of their real or potential toxicity 6, 7), [Chick edema factor, a curious toxicological problem to poultry producers for several years, has been shown to be composed of chlorodibenzo-p-dioxins (8).]... 

Ecosystem services can be considered as being the goods and services provided by coupled ecological and social systems. They provide our material needs and quality of life, and we all depend on the sustainable use of ecosystems services. The Millennium Ecosystems Assessment has brought the continual capacity for coupled ecological-social systems to deliver eco-systems services into public attention. It states that the ability of many systems to deliver valuable services has been compromised by over-exploitation of several resources and environmental degradation. 

Rachel Carson s book Silent Spring that was published in 1962, was the first popular work to bring the uncontrolled environmental contamination by pesticides to public attention. Well-publicized and well-organized campaigns were mounted in several countries to prohibit the use of DDT and other persistent chlorinated insecticides such as Aldrin and heptachlor. Governments in many developed countries like USA,... 

The considerable increase in demand for colored pigments over the last three decades is in response to a number of external factors, primarily of a psychological nature. Advertising effectiveness and product promotion have become increasingly dependent on the public attention value of colored materials. On the other hand, both industry and the private sector show an ever increasing tendency to color products for identification and differentiation purposes. 

Conditions to be met in oven drying enamels depend also on the composition of the binder. Paint systems containing melamine-formaldehyde or urea-formaldehyde resins, for instance, harden by polycondensation with other resins, such as epoxy resins, short-oil alkyd or acrylic resins at elevated temperatures. Baking is carried out at temperatures between 100 and almost 200°C and may last from a few minutes to more than an horn. A general trend towards energy conservation has shifted public attention towards binders which require low baking temperatures. 

The remainder of this paper describes our experience from a particular site in Germany, with its own peculiarities and regulatory framework. The approach we have taken and the conclusions drawn may not be fully applicable to other countries/sites where different conditions may apply. A further important issue is the presence of radioactive contamination, which leads to increased public attention and, thus, possibly to the enforcement of stricter standards than are applied to conventionally contaminated effluents. 

Hueper and several colleagues at the NCI were instrumental in drawing public attention to the issue of carcinogens in the workplace and the general environment during the two decades following the work on bladder cancer. Hueper s work and opinions were favorably cited many times by Rachel Carson in Silent Spring. Ms. Carson wrote ... 

Many aspects of substitution, its conditions and effects already described in existing subject literature were confirmed in the course of work on the case studies, but this was mostly only in certain cases and without any systematic framework for interpretation. This includes the enforcement deficit for application-related regulations in small and medium-sized enterprises, the obstractive behaviour of powerful associations or the trend towards more public attention with regard to substances in consumer products - in comparison with commercially used preparations or substances. 

Besides the direct and indirect risks associated with the consumption of agricultural products by humans in general, several risks are specific to the consumption of animal produce from modem agriculture. These have received considerable public attention in the past, i.e. antibiotic and hormone residuals, or just recently, such as Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE). 

The Advanced Purchase Commitments approach proposed by Kremer and Glennerster (2004) and the Center for Global Development (2005) has attracted considerable public attention as well as seed funding from the Gates Foundation in recent years. Advanced purchase commitments could be useful for certain types of pharmaceutical products, principally vaccines, to stimulate research by promising a subsidy of a fixed value per unit for a given number of units. The most attractive candidate product for such a commitment is a malaria vaccine, since the health (and economic) benefits from an effective malaria vaccine could be very large. 

Although SSRl overdose can cause seizures, coma and cardiac abnormahties (Barbey and Roose 1998), these toxic effects occur only in large overdoses or in combination with other drugs. Fatality rates are substantially lower than with TCA overdose (Mason et al. 2000). Public attention has been drawn to reports of suicidal and aggressive thoughts and behaviour associated with initiating SSRls (Healy 2003). The scientific basis for this assertion is disputed and continues to be debated, but it does not appear that SSRl treatment is associated with increased suicidality on a population level (Carlsten et al. 2001 Khan et al. 2003). 

Public attention is also drawn to the death of celebrities resulting from drug overdose. For example, Janis Joplin, the blues singer, overdosed on heroin, actor River Phoenix and comedian... 

Environmental concerns are very important. Some gronps promote the pnrchase and nse of green products. Other groups act as watchdogs, calling public attention to mannfactnrers and corporations they perceive to be lagging in environmental responsibility. It is not easy on anyone nsing hazardous solvents, especially if they are released into the environment and can be linked to holes in the ozone layer or to ecosystem disturbances. 

The physical-chemical properties of a synthetic gallophosphate molecular sieve, the 30-A supercage cloverite , have been assessed [18]. Instead of attempting to list the burgeoning number of fullerene publications, attention is drawn to the formation and characterization of fullerene-like nanocrystals of tungsten disulfide [19,20]. Preparation, characterization and utilization of carbon nanotubes have been the subject of a number of reports from several laboratories [21-27]. 

Although food preservation has preempted the major share of public attention, sterilized drugs and pharmaceuticals have already achieved a limited market. The reasons for this are apparent when one considers the fact that almost none of the negating factors which are operative in the case of foods come into play here. 

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