Hormone, residues

Toxic compounds polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, organochlorine pesticides, chlorinated pesticides, dioxins, veterinary drug residues, hormone residues, aflatoxins, toxic compounds in shellfish. Compoimds of nutritional significance in foods vitamins, fat, lipids, carbohydrates, protein, energy-calorific value, proximates, dietary fibre, ash. Other compounds hormones in blood serum... 

Vitamins and Other Nutrients in Food Matrices see also Section 6.3. Food matrices are available with values assigned for vitamins, carotenoids, fatty acids, cholesterol, natural toxins, veterinary drugs, and hormone residues. The NIST food matrix SRMs for vitamins include coconut oil (SRM 1563), infant formula (SRM 1846), and baby food composite (SRM 2383) (particularly for carotenoids). Fatty acids and cholesterol are the primary analytes of interest in meat homogenate (SRM 1546) and diet... 

Chapter 12 Antibiotic and Hormone Residues in Foods and their Significance... 

In a similar type of data collection, during 2000 to 2001 Wozniak (2002) examined the incidence of anabolic hormone residues in 5393 animals, consisting of cattle, pigs, horses, rabbits, chickens, geese, turkeys, ducks, and fish. Wozniak assayed for residues of diethylstibestrol, hexesterol, dienestrol, zeranol, trenbolone, and 19-noresterone. In addition, 632 cattle and swine were assayed for medroxyprogesterone and 1176 were assayed for natural 17-p-estradiol and testosterone. In only three heifers and two cows did serum testosterone exceed the MRL (EC 0.5 pg per liter) two bulls and four cows had an increased content of 17-(3-estradiol in their blood. A total of 11 animals of the 5393 examined (0.2%) had excessive quantities of hormone materials in their system. None of the other animals showed evidence of the presence of... 

Number of compliant samples during monitoring for hormonal residues, 1990 to 1995. 

European Commission (2002). Opinion of the scientific committee on veterinary measures relating to public health on review of previous SCVPH opinions of 30 April 1999 and 3 May 2000 on the potential risks to human health from hormone residues in bovine meat and meat products (adopted 10 April 2002). 

Wozniak, B. (2002). Hormones residues control in slaughtered animals in Poland 2000-2001. Bull. Vet. Inst. Pulawy, 46, 331-335. 

Besides the direct and indirect risks associated with the consumption of agricultural products by humans in general, several risks are specific to the consumption of animal produce from modem agriculture. These have received considerable public attention in the past, i.e. antibiotic and hormone residuals, or just recently, such as Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE). 

Apart from hormonal residues, samples randomly sampled at slaughterhouses in 1997 were also examined for potential presence of corticosteroids and... 

In addition, faulty food testing procedures may create an impression that residues are more prevalent than is actually the case. It has been suggested, without supporting evidence, that cases of premature menarche observed in Puerto Rico were a result of growth hormone residues in chickens (8). 

A certain amount of qualitative information can be obtained by means of so-called multidimensional chromatography (1). Tlris is a combination of different chromatographic techniques in which fractions from a primary separation step are transferred online to a secondary separation step. Multidimensional gas chromatography (GC), for example, involves coupling of GC columns of different selectivities so that the primary column isolates the fraction of interest, and the secondary column takes care of the final separation of that fraction. Using multidimensional liquid chromatography (LC), determination of androgen hormone residues in cattle liver has been possible (2). 

False-negative results arising from disturbance of normal peak ratios of the analyte ions may be overcome by a variety of means including reinjection of the same derivative on another column, application of an alternative derivatization technique, and/or performing a second analysis with a different method. Thus, the identity, for example, of an illegal hormone residue in a suspect sample has been given by a series of different events including two values for the ratio to the front in two-dimensional HPTLC, a characteristic fluorescence after sulfuric... 

In some instances, combinations of Cig and silica columns are also used for better purification of the crude extracts (431, 445). A combination of Cg, silica, and amino solid-phase extraction columns has been successfully employed to fractionate anabolic and catabolic steroid hormone residues from meat in polar and nonpolar neutral and phenolic compounds, and to purify further each fraction effectively (452). Another combination of two solid-phase extraction columns, one using a graphitized carbon black sorbent and the other Amberlite resin in the hydroxyl form, allowed neutral anabolics to be isolated and separated from acidic anabolics and their metabolites (453). A combination of basic alumina column placed in tandem with an ion-exchange column has also been applied for the purification of the crude extracts in the determination of diethylstilbestrol and zeranol (427), and estradiol and zeranol in tissues (450). 

Lastly, another reason for suggesting that the concept of synthetic versus natural be re-examined is that there does not appear to be much evidence that the consumer is particularly concerned over the use of synthetic sources of nutrients in organic feeds. The most important criteria of organic meat and eggs for the consumer appear to be their perceived wholesomeness freshness freedom from chemical, antibiotic and hormone residues and production using humane methods. 

Steroids hormone residuals in meat safety concerns GC-MS" and LC-MS" analyses of steroids in edible matrices, e.g., meat, liver, kidney, kidnev fat. and milk. [12]... 

Nielen, M. W. F., M. C. van Engelen, R. Zuiderent, and R. Ramaker. 2007. Screening and confirmation criteria for hormone residue analysis using liquid chromatography accurate mass time-of-fiight, Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance and orbitrap mass spectrometry techniques. Anal Chim. Acta 586 122—129. 

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