Proton pump inhibitors nexium

Acid reflux and heartburn are conditions that affect many of us from time to time. Exhibit 1.4 describes the proton pump inhibitor, Nexium, and its predecessor, Prilosec, and how they work as antiulcerants. 

Omeprazole Each particle in the capsule is protected by an acid stable content that must not be crushed. The granules in the capsule can be too large for tube administration. Change drug. Another proton-pump inhibitor with smaller granules such as Nexium or Prilosec/Losec MUPS. Special instructions are available... 

Nexium (esomeprazole magnesium, AstraZeneca) is a drug termed as a proton pump inhibitor. It turns off the secretions of acid into the stomach. When less acid is produced, there is a reduced amount of acid that can flow back up from the stomach into the esophagus to cause reflux symptoms. 

Esomeprazole (Nexium, AstraZeneca) proton pump inhibitor for the prevention of relapse in reflux esophagitis... 

Nexium containing esomeprazole (proton pump inhibitor) is marketed by AstraZeneca. 

Esomeprazole (Nexium) [Gastric Acid Inhibitor/Proton Pump Inhibitor] Uses Short-term (4-8 wk) for erosive esophagitis/GERD H. pylori Infxn in combo w/ antibiotics Action Proton pump inhibitor, gastric acid Dose Adults. GERD/erosive gastritis 20 0 mg/d PO x 4-8 wk 20 0 mg IV 10-30 min inf or >3 min IV push, 10 d max Maint 20 mg/d... 

Oral 25 mg tablets Proton Pump Inhibitors Esomeprazole (Nexium)... 

Esomeprazole (Nexium, 13.45), a proton-pump inhibitor, is marketed as a singleenantiomer drug under the name Nexium (Scheme 13.7).17 The diethyl ester of (+) -tartaric acid (13.43, R = ethyl) serves as a chiral ligand for the titanium catalyst, and hydroperoxide is the stoichiometric oxidant. Because of the chiral environment created by the (+)-tartrate ligand, the catalyst selectively adds an oxygen atom to just one of the lone pairs to form a new stereocenter at the sulfur atom. 

AstraZeneca (formerly Astra) has launched the proton-pump inhibitor esomeprazole (19) (as Nexium) as a treatment for peptic ulcer, gastroesophageal reflux disease, duodenal ulcer, and esophagitis. Esomeprazole is the (S)-enantiomer of omeprazole and was developed as a result of its improved pharmokinetic profile and better potency after oral dosing than (f )-form of omeprazole or the racemate. The dosage is higher than would be expected for a simple chiral switch. The stereogenic center is at sulfur. Detailed accounts of the development of the process have been published.189190... 

Nexium Esomeprazole AstraZenec ulcers proton pump inhibitor 623 (999%)... 

Esomeprazole Nexium AstraZeneca Proton-pump inhibitor... 

Nexium Esomeprazole Proton pump inhibitor 5.1 2 Nexium Esomeprazole Proton pump inhibitor 6.7 16.9... 

Prilosec, Rapinex, Zegerid) and its S-isomer, esomeprazole (Nexium), lansoprazole (Prevacid), rabeprazole (Aciphex), and pantoprazole (Protonix). These drugs have different substitutions on their pyridine and/or benzimidazole groups but are remarkably similar in their pharmacological properties. Omeprazole is a racemic mixture of R- and S-isomers the S-isomer, esomeprazole (S-omeprazole), is eliminated less rapidly than R-omeprazole, which theoretically provides a therapeutic advantage because of the increased half-life. Despite claims to the contrary, all proton-pump inhibitors have equivalent efficacy at comparable doses. 

Omeprazole Prilosec Nexium (Mg salt) Losec Mepral Proton pump inhibitor Treatment of peptic ulcer, dyspepsia, and 9 ... 

The nurse is preparing to administer the proton-pump inhibitor esomeprazole (Nexium). Which intervention should the nurse implement ... 

The pyridine ring is found in many current pharmaceuticals. It is present in some proton pump inhibitors used for reducing the amount of acid produced by the stomach. These dmgs can be used to treat reflux disease, ulcers, or heartburn. Omeprazole is sold by AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP as the magnesium salt in the racemic form as PRILOSEC and as the S enantiomer as NEXIUM. Lansoprazole is sold by TAP Pharmaceuticals Inc. as PREVACID. Pantoprazole is sold by Wyeth Pharmaceuticals Inc. as the sodium salt under the name PROTONIX. Rabeprazole was developed by Eisai Co. Ltd., who sells it as the sodium salt under the name ACIPHEX. Each of these also contains a benzimidazole ring. 

Omeprazole (Prilosec, 21), the first H /K -ATPase inhibitor, also known as a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), was marketed as a treatment for gastric ulcers since 1988. It functions by preventing acid production in the mucosa. Omeprazole was the best-selling drug for several years until its patent expiration in 2001, at which time, esomeprazole (Nexium, 22), tihe (S)-enantiomer of racemic omeprazole (21), was launched. The mechanism of... 

The lUPAC name for this compound is quite a mouthful, so a generic name, esomeprazole, has been assigned and accepted by the international community. For marketing purposes, drug companies will also select a catchy name, called a trade name. The trade name of esomeprazole is Nexium . This compound is a proton-pump inhibitor used in the treatment of reflux disease. 

There are many synthetic techniques for stereoselective synthesis and because of the importance much research is currently devoted to expanding these techniques. Omeprazole, marketed as Prilosec , was the first proton pump inhibitor and is used as a treatment for gastric ulcers. It is a racemic mixture. The S enantiomer has better pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics than the racemic mixture and therefore higher efficacy in controlling acid secretion [38]. The S enantiomer is called esomeprazole and is marketed as Nexium . Nexium has annual sales of 8.4 billion [39]. The chiral center is at the sulfur and the enantiomers can be separated by derivatizing with a R-(-) mandelic acid chiral auxiliary to form two diastereomers. Unlike enantiomers, diastereomers have different physical properties. The diastereomers can be separated by HPLC and then the chiral auxiliary removed to afford each of the omeprazole enantiomers. Alternatively, the sulfide precursor can be asymmetrically oxidized to form esomeprazole in 99.99% enantiomeric excess (ee) [40]. Enantiomeric excess means the excess amount of one enantiomer over the racemic mixture. If something is 80% ee that means that 20% is a racemic mixture and the other 80% is excess of that enantiomer. In this example, for 100 g, there are 90 g of the predominant enantiomer and 10 g of the lesser enantiomer in other words, 20 g is a racemic mix (lOg of each enantiomer) and 80g is excess enantiomer. 

Gastrointestinal Nexium the first proton pump inhibitor developed as an isomer AstraZeneca Leading... 

Recombinant E. coli expressing the nitrobenzene dioxygenase from Cotncmonas sp. JS765 with amino acid substitutions at position 258 or 293 was used to increase the production of chiral sulfoxides from thioanisole, p-tolyl, Cl-thioanisole, and Br-thioanisole [44]. Chiral sulfoxides are mostly known as important precursors in the pharmaceuhcal industry [13]. For example, modafinil, marketed imder the name Provigil by Cephalon and prescribed for the treatment of imcontrollable sleepiness caused by narcolepsy or sleep apnea, has a chiral sulfoxide center [57, 58]. Esomeprazole, another chiral sulfoxide, is marketed by AstraZeneca imder the name Nexium as a proton pump inhibitor that reduces gastric acid secretion for treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease [59]. 

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