Proteins bioprocess applications

Entrapment of enzymes and cells has played an important role in developing bioprocesses. Applications of entrapment technology to biosensors and bioanalysis have mainly been focused on udlizadon of cells and, to a smaller extent, on enzymes (24). Combining covalent coupling and entrapment cross-links enzymes and inert protein to form a protein membrane that covers the sensitive part of the electrode dp in bioanalytical applications (25). Entrapping enzyme aggregates is another variadon of this methodology (26). 

Rosendahl, Mary S. Doherty, Daniel H. Smith, Darin J. Bendele, Alison M. Cox, George N. Site-specific protein PEGylation Application to cysteine analogs of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, BioProcess International (2005), 3(4), 52-56, 58-60, 62. 

HyClone is a supplier of cell culture and bioprocessing systems, which also offers customized work to configure particular applications. Services address activities, research, and production. Business is centered on culturing media, and consequently support is offer for the development of a given formulation. HyClone supplies FBS and other sera for cell culture, serum-free and protein-free media, etc. 

In this review, we focus on the use of plant tissue culture to produce foreign proteins that have direct commercial or medical applications. The development of large-scale plant tissue culture systems for the production of biopharmaceutical proteins requires efficient, high-level expression of stable, biologically active products. To minimize the cost of protein recovery and purification, it is preferable that the expression system releases the product in a form that can be harvested from the culture medium. In addition, the relevant bioprocessing issues associated with bioreactor culture of plant cells and tissues must be addressed. 

Decolorization of azo dyes by WRF technology improvements will require integration of all major areas of industrial biotechnology novel enzymes and microorganisms, functional genomics, protein engineering, biomaterial development, bioprocess design and applications. 

Integrated bioprocesses can be used to enhance the production of valuable metabolites from plant cell cultures. The in situ removal of product during cell cultivation facilitates the rapid recovery of volatile and unstable phytochemicals, avoids problems of cell toxicity and end-product inhibition, and enhances product secretion. In situ extraction, in situ adsorption, the utilization of cyclodextrin, and the application of aqueous two-phase systems have been proposed for the integration of cell growth and product recovery in a bioreactor. The simultaneous combination of elicitation, immobilization, permeabilization, and in situ recovery can promote this method of plant cell culture as a feasible method to produce various natural products including proteins. 

The bioseparation technique which is probably the most readily adapted to modern process control techniques is extraction. Liquid-liquid extraction is a mature unit process with application in industrial-scale protein separation.30 Control techniques used on similar systems in other industrial applications should be readily adaptable to bioprocessing, the primary difficulty being the lack of data on the partitioning and related behavior of the product. 

Kitts, D. D., and Weiler, K. 2003. Bioactive proteins and peptides from food sources. Applications of bioprocesses used in isolation and recovery. Curr. Pharma. Design, 9,1309-1323. 

---