Neural progenitor cells

Embryoid bodies Neuro-ectoderm progenitor cells Neural Rosettes NPCs to mature neurons 14 days 6 days 10 days 3 days expression (Affymetrix Chip Arrays) mannitol ... 

The presence of adult multipotent stem cells has been established in many tissue types in humans including haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), pancreatic progenitor cells, retinal progenitor cells, neural stem cells (NSCs), epidermal stem cells, cardiomyocytes, oval cells (liver) and satellite cells (muscle), although their regenerative capacity and even their existence have been controversial in many cases (Figure 4.3). In most cases in humans these tissue... 

Silva GA, Czeisler C, Niece KL et al (2004) Selective differentiation of neural progenitor cells by high-epitope density nanofibers. Science 303 1352-1355... 

Wang JM, Johnston PB, Ball BG, Brinton RD. The neurosteroid allopregnano-lone promotes proliferation of rodent and human neural progenitor cells and regulates cell-cycle gene and protein expression. J Neurosci 2005 25 4706-18. 

Neural progenitor cells Lawrence et al. (2004) When nestin+ multi-potential cells are differentiated towards a neuronal lineage post-infection, there is a negligible increase in virus rephcation. When these cells were transfected with a pNL4-3 molecular clone and stimulated with TNP-a, there is an upregulation in virus production, suggestive of reactivation from latency... 

Krathwohl MD, Kaiser JL (2004b) HlV-1 promotes quiescence in human neural progenitor cells. J Infect Dis 190 216-226... 

Tran PB, Ren D, Veldhouse TJ, Miller RJ (2004) Chemokine receptors are expressed widely by embryonic and adult neural progenitor cells. J Neurosci Res 76 20-34 Tran PB, Banisadr G, Ren D, Chenn A, Miller RJ (2007) Chemokine receptor expression by neural progenitor cells in neurogenic regions of mouse brain. J Comp Neurol 500 1007-1033 U eyler N, Sommer C (2008) Cytokine regulation in animal models of neuropathic pain and in human diseases. Neurosci Lett 437 194-198... 

Gong X, He X, Qi L, Zuo H, Xie Z (2006) Stromal cell derived factor-1 acutely promotes neural progenitor cell proliferation in vitro by a mechanism involving the ERKl/2 and P1-3K signal pathways. Cell Biol Int 30 466-471... 

Peng H, Huang Y, Rose J, Eiichsen D, Herek S, Fuji N, Tamamura H, Zheng J (2004) Stromal cell-derived factor 1-mediated CXCR4 signaling in rat and human cortical neural progenitor cells. J Neurosci Res 76 35-50... 

Tang Y, Shah K, Messerli SM, Snyder E, Breakefield X, Weissleder R (2003) In vivo tracking of neural progenitor cell migration to glioblastomas. Hum Gene Ther 14 1247-1254... 

Lu B, Rothenberg M, Jan LY, Jan YN 1998 Partner of Numb, a novel protein that colocalises with Numb during mitosis, directs Numb asymmetric localisation in Drosophila neural and muscle progenitors. Cell 95 225-235... 

NT3 plays an earlier role in development than other neurotrophin family members. It sustains progenitor cells of the neural crest, which then give rise to sympathetic and sensory ganglia, as well as a number of other... 

Zhu, G., Mehler, M. F., Zhao, J., Yu Yung, S. and Kessler, J. A. Sonic hedgehog and BMP2 exert opposing actions on proliferation and differentiation of embryonic neural progenitor cells. Dev. Biol. 215 118-129,1999. 

Nunes, M. C., Roy, N. S., Keyoung, H. M. et al. Identification and isolation of multipotential neural progenitor cells from the subcortical white matter of the adult human brain. Nat. Med. 9 439-447,2003. 

Kim M, Morshead CM. 2003. Distinct populations of forebrain neural stem and progenitor cells can be isolated using side-population analysis. J Neurosci 23 10703-10709. 

List of Abbreviations PCR, polymerase chain reaction RT-PCR, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid RNA, ribonucleic acid RNase, ribonuclease mRNA, messenger RNA GABAa, y-aminobutyric acid type A cRNA, copy RNA dNTPs, deoxy nucleoside triphosphates MMLV, Mouse Moloney murine leukemia vims RT, reverse transcriptase bp, base pair Tm, melting temperature DEPC, diethylpyrocarbonate OD, optical density mL, milliliter SA-PMPs, streptavidin paramagnetic particles dT, deoxy thymidine DTT, dithiothreitol DNase, deoxyribonuclease RNasin, ribonuclease inhibitor UV, ultraviolet TBE, Tris-borate, 1 mM EDTA EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid Buffer RET, guanidium thiocyanate lysis buffer PBS, phosphate buffered saline NT2, Ntera 2 neural progenitor cells... 

Neural progenitor cells were successfully encapsulated in vitro (Silva et al. 2004) in a manner similar to the previous case, but in this case the PA contained the... 

Briscoe, J., Pierani, A., Jessel, T., and Ericson, J. (2000) A homeo-domain protein code specifies progenitor cell identity and neuronal fate in the ventral neural tube. Cell 101 435 45. 

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