Production Mechanism

In the events passing the event selection a fraction of 19% are produced by flavor creation, 56% by flavor excitation and the remaining 25% by gluon splitting. The total event selection efficiency for the three production processes are 62% for flavor creation, 64% for flavor excitation and 67% for gluon splitting events. 

The contribution of the three mechanisms to bb production is predicted by the MC simulation. To estimate the uncertainty of the relative contributions of the three mechanisms we compare the PYTHIA prediction with the HERWIG prediction and take the difference as the uncertainty. The values obtained in bins of transverse momentum are listed in Table 4.5. 

The signal events were then re-weighted in order to adjust the fraction of the three production mechanisms to the value determined by HERWIG. The overall efficiency of the event selection was found to change by less than 1% in all bins. The fitted -fraction changes by 2-5% depending on the bin in muon transverse momentum. 

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Includes paints and poHshes, antiknock and other compounds, soldering and/or welding, electrical and electronic products, mechanical products, magnetic tape, small packages, industrial diamonds, and drilling mud. 

Production Mechanisms for CCN Derived from Marine Gas Emission... 

Nomiyama K, T Tanizaki, H Ishibashi, K Arizono, R Shinohara (2005) Production mechanism of hydroxylated PCBs by oxidative degradation of selected PCBs using TiOj in water and estrogenic activity of their intermediates. Environ Sci Technol 39 8762-8769. 

Peijnenburg WJGM, KGM de Beer, HA den Hollander, MHL Stegeman, H Verboom (1993) Kinetics, products, mechanisms and QSARs for the hydrolytic transformation of aromatic nitriles in anaerobic sediment slurries. Environ Toxicol Chem 12 1149-1161. 

Arya DP (2006) Diazo and Diazonium DNA Cleavage Agents Studies on Model Systems and Natural Product Mechanisms of Action. 2 129-152 El Ashry ESH, El KUany Y, Nahas NM (2007) Manipulation of Carbohydrate Carbon Atoms for the Synthesis of Heterocycles. 7 1-30 El Ashry ESH, see El Nemr A (2007) 7 249-285... 

FIGURE 6.43 Oxidation of 3-oxa-chromanol 59 in the absence of water, providing chromenone 66 as the final product mechanism and reaction intermediates. 

Arya DP (2006) Diazo and Diazonium DNA Cleavage Agents Studies on Model Systems and Natural Product Mechanisms of Action. 2 129-152... 

The effect that the solvent has on the chemical reaction s products, mechanism, rate or equilibrium. 

Major components of dissolution equipment are the tester (including typically, but not limited to, spindle assemblies, belt, motor, tension adjuster, and circulator pump and hoses), water bath, paddles, baskets and shafts, vessels, samplers, and analyzers. Mechanical aspects, such as media temperature, paddle or basket speed, shaft centering and wobble, and vibration can all have a significant impact on the dissolution of the product. Mechanical and chemical calibration should therefore be conducted periodically, usually every 6 months, to ensure that the equipment is working properly. 

Gas Atmospheric Role Main Production Mechanism Net Annual Flux to the Atmosphere (+) or to the Ocean (-) % of Atmospheric Source (+) or Sink (-)... 

The contributions of the three production mechanisms and that of the sum of the reburn reactions to the NOj, emission index are plotted in Figs. 25.8 and 25.9, along with the net emission index, as functions of x° for ambient... 

A number of conclusions can be drawn from this first detailed analysis of NO production in methane-air diffusion flames by techniques of RRA. It is found that all production mechanisms have rates dependent on the peak flame temperature T°. The production rates for the thermal and nitrous oxide mechanisms increase sufficiently rapidly with T° that they are calculated by AEA after the peak flame temperature, and superequilibrium radical mole fractions are obtained from the RRA analysis of the primary flame structure. The flame temperature depends on the temperature of the fuel and oxidizer streams and... 

Thio-D-ribose (Methanolysis) a-Pyranoside formed first followed by P-pyranoside then p-furanoside and oc-furanoside (furanosides only minor products) Mechanism probably quite different to that of D-ribose first step may be direct displacement at C-1 of the six-membered, sulphur-containing ring 20)... 

Atmospheric pressure laser ionization (APLl) is a complementary technique to existing API methods. It is based on resonant or near-resonant two-photon ionization of aromatic ring systems. APLI utilizes resonantly enhanced multiphotonionization (REMPI) as the primary ion-production mechanism, nevertheless it occurs at atmospheric pressure [80],... 

Extrusion granulator subclasses primarily are distinguished by the orientation of extrusion surfaces and driving pressure production mechanism. 

Indeed, Wallace and Hunten118 show that such a production mechanism would fit their intensity-altitude data for the atmospheric band in the dayglow. 

In 1989, Cook and co-workers [29] reinvestigated the epimerization reaction in connection with reserpine (1). One of their key observations, based on the results of Martin et al. [30] and of Sakai and Ogawa [31], is that Mechanism 2 cannot be primarily responsible for the epimerization reaction of reserpine (1). Both Martin and co-workers and Sakai and Ogawa report that the iminium species 32, Fig. (7), cyclizes under acidic conditions mainly to reserpine (1) and not to isoreserpine (2). If Mechanism 2 alone were responsible for epimerization, then isoreseipine (2), not 1 should be the main product. Mechanism 2 was accordingly discredited. 

There are several hundred radionuclides that have been used as radiotracers. A partial list of the properties of these nuclides and their production methods are shown in Table 4.1. The three common production mechanisms for the primary radionuclides are (n,y) or (n,p) or (n,a) reactions in a nuclear reactor (R), charged-particle-induced reactions usually involving the use of a cyclotron (C), and fission product nuclei (F), typically obtained by chemical separation from irradiated uranium. The neutron-rich nuclei are generally made using reactors or... 

Consider the ten year cumulative gas production prediction of the JOE model shown in Figure 7.46 (note the logarithmic scale of both axes). From the figure it is clear that hot water circulation alone will not be productive for a period after 0.02 years, due to the low thermal conductivity of the hydrates and sediments. However, depressurization does appear to be a favorable production mechanism, comparing favorably to hot water circulation with reduce bottom hole pressure, or partial hot water injection. 

Pomeroy, L.R., 1979. Secondary production mechanisms of continental shelf communities. In R.3. Livingstone (ed.). Ecological processes in coastal and marine ecosystems, Plenum Press, New York, pp. 163-186. 

Isotope /3+ Branching ratio Endpoint energy (MeV) Half-life Typical production mechanism... 

Antihydrogen was recently observed at CERN by Baur et al. (1996) and at Fermilab by Blanford et al. (1998). The production mechanism relied upon pair production with capture during the interaction of an energetic antiproton (p) with an atomic nucleus, Z p + Z H + e-. The Feynman diagram illustrating this process is shown in Figure 8.7. 

All these contributions add up to a total antihydrogen formation cross section of approximately 2 x 10-15 cm2 in the antiproton energy range 2-10 keV where the charge-exchange production mechanism is likely to be most effective. This value is consistent with results obtained by Ermolaev, Bransden and Mandal (1987), who used the classical trajectory Monte Carlo method, and also with the results of a recent experiment (Merrison et al., 1997) which measured the hydrogen atom formation cross section via reaction (8.22). 

Reaction of 4,5-disubstituted imidazole 1-oxide with trimethylsilyl cyanide (TMSCN) leads to 2-cyanoimidazole. If devoid of substituents at C4 and C5, the cyano (CN) group also enters these positions (1996JOC6971). The reactivity of the 2-, 4-, and 5-position is comparable and 245 reacts with TMSCN affording the isomeric cyanoimidazoles 296-298 in a ratio that depends on the nature of the 3-substituent, solvent polarity, and reaction temperature. These parameters could be optimized to give each of the three cyano compounds as the major product. Mechanisms (iii) and (iv) (Section 1.5.1.3 and 1.5.1.4) account for the formation of 296-298 (Scheme 88). 

Nagata, T. 2000. Production mechanisms of dissolved organic matter. In Microbial Ecology of the Oceans (D. L. Kirchman, Ed.), pp. 121—152. Wiley-Liss, New York. 

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