Ecology, microbial

Microbial ecology in MBRs is an area that has received limited attention until relatively recently and yet, like morphology, snbstantial differences exist between MBR and AS processes. 

The criteria for success of a screening process with the goal of are  

The organism must deliver the desired enzyme in good yield and within a reasonably short time frame if possible, in submerged culture. 

The organism must produce the enzyme with inexpensive and accessible nutrients. 

The organism should be separable from the fermentation medium, and the enzyme should be excreted extracellularly, and easily separable from the fermentation broth. 

The organism should be non-pathogenic, it should be genetically stable, and it should not produce undesired or even toxic compounds. 

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Pace, N. R., 1996. New perspective on the natural microbial world Molecular microbial ecology. ASM News 62 463-470. 

To conclude it must be stressed that recent work has directed attention to the interplay between different microbial species in most of the corrosion effects described. Microbial corrosion is therefore one special instance of the rapidly developing field of Microbial Ecology. ... 

The microbial ecology of water is of great importance in the pharmaceutical industry due to its multiple uses as a constituent of maity products as well as for various washing and cooling processes. Two main aspects are involved the quality of the raw water and any processing it receives and the distribution system. Both should be taken into consideration when reviewing the hazaids to the finished product and aity critical control points. 

These studies have revealed a number of cardinal aspects of microbial ecology (a) the complexity of bacterial ecosystems, (b) the number of organisms of hitherto undetermined taxonomy, (c) the existence of organisms that have not been cultivated, and (d) the difficulty of assigning metabolic roles to many of the genomic sequences that have been revealed. Some examples are given to... 

D. W. S. Westlake. Microbial ecology of corrosion and reservoir souring. In E. C. Donaldson, editor. Microbial enhancement of oil recovery recent advances Proceedings of the 1990International Conference on Microbial Enhancement of Oil Recovery, volume 31 of Developments in Petroleum Science, pages 257-263. Elsevier Science Ltd, 1991. 

R. G. Burns, Enzyme activity in soil location and a possible role in microbial ecology. Sod Biol. Biochem. /4 423 (1982). 

Many of the problems arise out of the extrapolation of what happens in solution cultures to soils. Although. solution cultures have served and continue to serve very useful functions in basic research of plant science, they differ from soils in several important ways. The surface area available in soils for processes such as sorption is much greater than in solution cultures, solution cultures are mixed continuously, the microbial ecology differs greatly between the two media, and the status of water and O2 in the two systems is usually quite different. 

R. M. Atlas and R. Bartha, Hydrocarbon biodegradation and oil spill bioremediation. Advances in Microbial Ecology 72 287 (1992). 

G. Muyzer and K. Smalla, Application of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE) in microbial ecology. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 73 127 (1998). 

What is the life of a prokaryote like What kind of a life does it experience in the soil In the soil, not yet in the proximity of a root, or waiting for a root that never passes by The answers to these questions have been gathered from a detailed body of studies on soil microbial ecology (22,26). The physical environ-... 

K. Old and T. Nicol.son, The root cortex as part of a microbial continuum. Microbial Ecology (M. Loutit and J. Miles, eds.) Springer-Verlag, New York, 1978. 

G. D. Bowen, and A. D. Rovira, Are modelling approaches useful in rhizosphere ecology Modern Methods in the Study of Microbial Ecology (T. Rosswall, ed.). Bull. Ecol. Res. Com. (Stockholm) /7 443 (1973). 

J. A. W. Morgan, Molecular biology new tools for studying microbial ecology, Sci. Prog. 75 265 (1991). 

V. Torsvik, J. Gok.soyr, F. L. Daae, R. Sorheim, J. Michalsen, and K. Sake, Diversity of microbial communities determined by DNA reas.sociation technique. Trends in Microbial Ecology (R. Guerrero and C. Pedros-Alio, eds.), 1993. 

Transgenic Plants Fundamentals and Applications, edited by Andrew Hiatt Soil Microbial Ecology Applications in Agricultural and Environmental Management, edited by F. Blaine Metting, Jr. 

Bowen, G. D. Rovira, A. D. In "Modern Methods in the Study of Microbial Ecology" Rosswall, T., Ed. Swedish Natural Science Research Council Stockholm, 1973 pp. 443-450. 

Mosse, B. Stribleny, D.P. LeTacon, F. In "Advances in Microbial Ecology" Alexander, M., Ed. Plenum Press New York, 1981 Chap. 4. 

Atlas, R.M. and Bartha, R., Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and Applications, Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company, Don Mills, ON, 1998. 

Studies in microbial ecology require identification of the constituent microorganisms of an ecosystem as well as assessment of their activities.26-28... 

Mikkonen A (2012) The potential of microbial ecological indicators to guide ecosophisticated management of hydrocarbon-contaminated soils. PhD thesis, University of Helsinki... 

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