Powder formulations, water soluble

A water-soluble white crystalline sofld, CS is disseminated as a spray, as a cloud of dust or powder, or as an aerosol generated thermally from pyrotechnic compositions. The formulation designated CSl is CS mixed with an anti-agglomerant when dusted on the ground, it may remain active for as long as five days. CS2 formulated from CSl and a siUcone water repellent, may persist for as long as 45 days (6). 

Alpha-amylases are characterized by attacking the starch polymer in an endo fashion, randomly cleaving internal 1,4-bonds to yield shorter, water-soluble dextrins. They are the preferred type of amylase for laundry detergents, and are included in both powder and Hquid formulations in many countries. 

Ether carboxylates are used not only in powdered detergents but in liquid laundry detergents for their hard water stability, lime soap dispersibility, and electrolyte stability they improve the suspension stability and rheology of the electrolyte builder [130,131]. Formulations based particularly on lauryl ether carboxylate + 4.5 EO combined with fatty acid salt and other anionic surfactants are described [132], sometimes in combination with quaternary compounds as softeners [133,163]. Ether carboxylates show improved cleaning properties as suds-controlling agents in formulations with ethoxylated alkylphenol or fatty alcohol, alkyl phosphate esters or alkoxylate phosphate esters, and water-soluble builders [134]. 

Because most food matrices are water soluble, many efforts were directed to the formulation of lipophilic pigments (mainly carotenoids) into water-soluble formulations (powders or gels). For hydrophilic pigments like flavonoids, polar dried microcapsules are the most popular ways to stabilize their functionality. Extracts rich in P-carotene were encapsulated using three different encapsulation techniques (spray drying, drum drying, and freeze drying)." ... 

Trigard 75 WP is a new insecticide with a unique mode of action and a unique triazine structure. It is a solid formulated as a wettable powder and is packaged in water-soluble bags. The active ingredient in Trigard has the common name cyromazine. Cyromazine is a triazine, but, unlike the well-known triazine herbicides, this compound has insecticidal properties and no herbicidal activity. Cyromazine has low mammalian toxicity and low vapor pressure. It is hydrophilic, so dermal penetration is expected to be... 

Agricultural (Ag) formulations that are commonly diluted and applied by means of spray equipment include water soluble liquids, emulsifiable concentrates, wettable powders, and flowable suspensions. The choice of which formulation to develop normally depends upon the solubility properties of the technical pesticide. Scientists often must also consider manufacturing costs, field efficacy and product toxicity. 

Extracts dried on to a water-soluble base are useful in the preparation of powdered drinks. Soft extracts tend to contain about 70% solid matter and can be mixed into a slun y with the substrate and spray-dried or dried in a vacuum oven. The substrate is usually essential to prevent the dried extract from reabsorbing moisture and turning back into a hard or sticky mass. The dried extracts can be dry-blended with other ingredients in a powdered drink formulation. 

Unlike extended release parenteral formulations (depot suspensions), application of low-water-solubility salts in oral extended release forms is not used commonly. This probably is due to the fact that for oral delivery, coated and matrix-type systems are easy to design and can generate release profiles that are manipulated more easily than powder systems. Therefore, although it is not impossible, selecting a salt form with low water solubility to achieve a desired extended release profile has not been reported frequently. 

Uses Bromacil is a colorless crystalline solid. It is used for the control of annual and perennial grasses, broadleaf weeds, and woody plants.1213 Bromacil is a herbicide used for bush weed control on non-cropland areas. It is especially useful against perennial grasses. It is also used for selective weed control in pineapple and citrus crops. It interferes with photosynthesis of plants. It is available in granular, liquid, water-soluble liquid, and wettable powder formulations. 

Tpo understand the physical and colloidal chemical aspects of pesticidal formulations research, one must first understand the objectives of the formulations chemist in his work. Simply speaking, the formulations chemist must take the pure organic chemical pesticide and put it in a usable form for field use. These forms include wettable powders, emulsifiable concentrates, dusts, granules, water-soluble concentrates, flowables, and an aerosol, to name a few types of concentrates. The formulations chemist desires to put together a formulation that (1) is easy and eco-... 

Some wettable and soluble powders are sold in water-soluble bags or packs (WSB or WSP). These products are formulated in a soluble package so that the inner bag is placed directly in the spray tank and subsequently dissolves. This type of packaging eliminates the need for measuring and minimizes your risk of exposure. Examples of this packaging are Pounce WSB, Ammo WSB, and Brigade WSB, aU of which are products of the EMC Corporation. 

Formamidines comprise a small group of promising insecticides. Chlordimeform, formetanate, and amitraz are examples of this group. These compounds are effective against most stages of mites and ticks. Thus they am classified as ovicides, insecticides, and acariddes. Formulations are emulsifi-able concentrates and water-soluble powders. 

Some of the most important water-soluble polymers belong to the family of polysaccharides. Soluble polysaccharides were discussed in a review by Franz on polysaccharides in pharmaceutical formulations. Due to their industrial importance, key characteristics and typical applications of those polysaccharides are listed in Table 3. In addition to those noted in Table 3, the oxidation of cellulose (to convert 16-24% of its primary hydroxyl groups to carboxyl groups) produces oxidized cellulose, a fibrous white powder. It is used as a bioabsorbable hemostatic agent. The bioabsorption may be partly attributed to solubilization through the carboxylate moieties. 

Artesunate is a water-soluble hemisuccinate derivative, available in parenteral and oral formulations. The parenteral drug is dispensed as powdered artesunic acid. Neutral aqueous solutions are unstable. Artesunate is effective by the intravenous, intramuscular, and oral routes in a dose of 10 mg/kg given for 5-7 days. The combination with mefloquine is very effective even against highly multi-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum, the combination must be given for at least 3 days. 

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