Potassium lactate

Most recently, Nakagawya et al.34 demonstrated that topical application of potassium lactate restored stratum corneum hydration after NMF extraction and exhibited a significantly higher restorative effect than sodium lactate. The authors speculate that this is due to the structure-destructive properties of the potassium ion and may influence hydrogen bonding in the keratin matrix. 

Bindings covered with vegetable-tanned leather are washed with pure toilet soap, saddle soap, or mild, high quality surgical toilet soap and a 7-10% solution of potassium lactate. 0.25% of p-nitrophenol can be added as a fungicide, but this is not necessary if the temperature and relative humidity are constantly satisfactory (see p. 5). The lactate, when applied to new vegetable-tanned leather, is thought to protect the leather from the deleterious action of sulfuric acid which usually forms in leather when sulfur dioxide is absorbed. It is. probable that it has little efficacy once chemical deterioration has started, and for some years doubt has been cast on its effectiveness, even on new leather, despite favorable results in laboratory tests. However, it is used, and its use is advocated just in case it is beneficial. 

Suede bindings—i.e., those covered with the flesh side of the skin outermost—are better not touched with potassium lactate or water. Horton has found that spraying them with Krylon No. 1301 consolidates powdering effectively. 

Sheepskin has a bad reputation because it has often been split to the thinness of paper, has been crushed and grained with heated plates, and generally been maltreated in the course of manufacture. It is true that its surface can in some cases be easily abraded, but the leather has good fiber and, depending on whether the animal was bred in the mountains or on the plains, it can be a durable leather for volumes which are being restored or rebound in period style, provided they are not subject to rough daily use. Most, if not all, sheepskin is supplied unprotected, so it needs to be treated by the binder with potassium lactate, and this should be specified by the librarian. 

Potassium Lactate Solution occurs as a clear, colorless, or practically colorless, viscous liquid that is odorless or has a slight, not unpleasant, odor. It is miscible with water. It is available in solutions with concentrations ranging from about 50% to 70% by weight. 

Labeling Indicate its content, by weight, of Potassium Lactate (C3H5KO3). 

Assay Transfer a volume of sample equivalent to about 500 mg of potassium lactate and accurately weighed into a suitable flask, Add 60 mL of 1 5 acetic anhydride glacial acetic acid, mix, and allow to stand for 20 min. Titrate with 0.1 Nperchloric acid in glacial acetic acid, determining the endpoint poten-tiometrically. 

Perform a blank determination (see General Provisions), and make any necessary correction. Each milliliter of 0.1 A perchloric acid is equivalent to 12.82 mg of C3H5KO3. Chloride Determine as directed in the Chloride Limit Test under Chloride and Sulfate Limit Tests, Appendix IIIB. Any turbidity produced by a quantity of a sample solution containing the equivalent of 40 mg of potassium lactate does not exceed that shown in a control containing 20 jxg of chloride (Cl) ion. 

Sample Solution Transfer a quantity of sample equivalent to 20.0 g of potassium lactate and accurately weighed into a 100-mL volumetric flask, dilute to volume with water, and mix. 

Test Solution Transfer a quantity of sample equivalent to about 4 g of potassium lactate and accurately weighed into a 50-mL volumetric flask, dilute to volume with water, and mix. Pipet 1 mL of this solution into a 100-mL volumetric flask, add 1.0 mL of Potassium Chloride Solution followed by 1.0 mL of nitric acid, dilute to volume with water, and mix. 

Procedure Use a suitable atomic absorption spectrophotometer equipped with a sodium hollow-cathode lamp and an oxidizing air-acetylene flame. After using the Blank Solution to zero the instrument, concomitantly determine the absorbances of the Standard Solutions and the Test Solution at the sodium emission line of 589 nm. Plot the absorbances of the Standard Solutions versus concentration, in micrograms per milliliter, of sodium, and draw the straight line that best fits the plotted points. From the graph so obtained, determine the concentration, C, in micrograms per milliliter, of sodium in the Test Solution. Calculate the percentage of sodium in the portion of potassium lactate taken by the formula... 

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service. 2000. Food additives for use in meat and poultry products Sodium diacetate, sodium acetate, sodium lactate and potassium lactate Direct final rule. Federal Register 65 3121-3123. 

Inclusion of antimicrobials in the formulation of RTE meat products is prescribed in effective control. Many U.S. meat processors are, therefore, currently adding preservatives, such as sodium or potassium lactate (up to 2%) in combination with sodium diacetate (0.05-0.15%) to product formulations (Thompkin, 2002). Organic acids (or their salts) plus bacterio-cins, applied as immersion or spraying solutions alone or in combination, can also control L. monocytogenes contamination on RTE meat products during storage (Geornaras et al., 2006). 

A number of techniques using similar concepts were developed over the years to treat leathers that had already deteriorated. Aqueous solutions of potassium lactate were routinely applied to the surface of bookbindings and other leather objects. Unfortunately, in many cases, the deleterious effects of the liquid water solvent on acidic leathers took place before the buffer salt neutralised the acid, resulting in dark, seriously embrittled leather. In order to avoid the effects of aqueous solutions, methods were tried employing ammonia vapour. The object was placed in an enclosed chamber over an open dish of ammonium hydroxide solution. However, ammonia vapour is a strong alkali and there is a danger that even with the use of dilute solutions, leathers that were too acidic would be transformed into ones which were too alkaline. Another alternative was to use an organic base such as imidazole in a non-aqueous solvent. However, this was also liable to result in leathers that were too alkaline. 

Fulladosa et al. (2009) evaluated the effect of potassium-lactate and high-pressure processing (600MPa) on physicochemical, instrumental color, and texture, as well as sensory characteristics of transglutaminase restructured dry-cured hams. The... 

Fulladosa, E., Serra, X.G., and Amau, J.P 2009. Effects of potassium lactate and high pressure on transglutaminase restructured dry-cured hams with reduced salt content. Meat Science 82 213-218. 

Ariac P. See Potassium lactate Ariac S. See Sodium lactate Ariacei 20. See Sorbitan laurate Ariacei 40. See Sorbitan palmitate Ariacei 60. See Sorbitan stearate Ariacei 80. See Sorbitan oleate Ariacei 83 V. See Sorbitan sesquioleate Ariacei 85. See Sorbitan trioleate Ariacei 129. See Glyceryl stearate Ariacei 987. See Sorbitan isostearate Ariacei 989. See PEG-7 hydrogenated castor... 

Galaflow PL. See Potassium lactate Gaiaflow SL. See Sodium lactate Galam butter. See Shea butter (Butyrospermum parkii)... 

Lactic acid, monopotassium salt. See Potassium lactate... 

See Potassium lactate Monopotassium metaphosphate. See Potassium metaphosphate Monopotassium monosodium tartrate. See Potassium sodium tartrate Monopotassium monosodium tartrate tetrahydrate. See Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate... 

Potassium a-hydroxypropionate Potassium-L-2-hydroxypropionate. See Potassium lactate Potassium hyperchloride. See Potassium perchlorate... 

Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monopotassium salt. See Potassium lactate Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, 9,12-octadecadienyl ester. See Linoleyl lactate Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, octadecyl ester. 

Phenoxyethylparaben Phenyl salicylate Potassium dichloroisocyanurate Potassium iodide Potassium lactate Potassium phenoxide Potassium sorbate PVP-iodine Quaternium-8 Quaternium-14 Quaternium-24 Ricinoleamidopropyl trimonium methosulfate... 

Potassium lactate Sodium diacetate Sodium lactate... 

Phenoxyethanol Phenylmercuric acetate Phenylmercuric borate Phenylmercuric nitrate Phenylmercuric nitrate, basic Potassium benzoate Potassium lactate Potassium sorbate Propionic acid Propylparaben... 

Bispyrithione Copper pyrithione 4,5-Dichloro-2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one 2-n-Octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one 10,10-Oxybisphenoxyarsine Tetrachlorosalicylanilide Tribromosalicylanilide Zinc pyrithione antimicrobial, polymer emulsions Methylchloroisothiazolinone antimicrobial, polyolefins Zinc pyrithione antimicrobial, poultry Potassium lactate Sodium lactate antimicrobial, poultry curing Potassium nitrite antimicrobial, poultry processing Sodium chlorite... 

Potassium inosinate Potassium lactate Propenylguaethol Protease Sodium chloride Sodium fumarate Sodium lactate Succinic acid L-Tartaric acid Thaumatin Trisodium citrate flavor enhancer, herbs Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract flavor enhancer, mouth care prods. 

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