Polymer resin styrene-butadiene acrylonitrile

Butadiene is a monomer used in high volume in the manufacture of a wide range of polymers, including styrene-butadiene rubber, polybutadiene, nitrile rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resins and st rene-butadiene latexes. It is also an intermediate in the production of various other chemicals. 

Almost all of the remaining styrene is used in the production of other polymers, such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resins, styrene-acrylonitrile resins, styrene-butadiene rubber and latex, and various polyester resins. 

Butadiene is first recovered by extractive distillation, employing furfural or an amide, such as dimethylformamide. Some l 5Mt and 0-8 Mt per annum of butadiene are obtained in western Europe and Japan respectively. With less naphtha and gas oil cracking in the U.S.A., over 20% of the l 7Mt demand for butadiene in 1993 was met by imports. Butadiene can also be made by catalytic or oxidative dehydrogenation of w-butenes, or even -butane. The major outlets (approx. 65%) are for tyre rubbers, as polybutadiene or co-polymers with styrene or acrylonitrile. Some 15% is used for adiponitrile in the U.S.A. Chloroprene and co-polymer resins account for the remainder. 

Latex is a stable dispersion of a polymeric material (Table 8.13) in an essentially aqueous medium. An emulsion is a stable dispersion of two or more immiscible liquids held in suspension by small percentages of substances called emulsifiers. In the adhesives industry, the terms latex and emulsion are sometimes used interchangeably. There are three types of latex natural, synthetic, and artificial. Namral latex refers to the material obtained primarily from the rubber tree. Synthetic latexes are aqueous dispersions of polymers obtained by emulsion polymerization. These include polymers of chloroprene, butadiene-styrene, butadiene-acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, acrylate, methacrylate, vinyl chloride, styrene, and vinylidene chloride. Artificial latexes are made by dispersing solid polymers. These include dispersions of reclaimed rubber, butyl rubber, rosin, rosin derivatives, asphalt, coal tar, and a large number of synthetic resins derived from coal tar and petroleum. ... 

Organic peroxides are used in the polymer industry as thermal sources of free radicals. They are used primarily to initiate the polymerisation and copolymerisation of vinyl and diene monomers, eg, ethylene, vinyl chloride, styrene, acryUc acid and esters, methacrylic acid and esters, vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile, and butadiene (see Initiators). They ate also used to cute or cross-link resins, eg, unsaturated polyester—styrene blends, thermoplastics such as polyethylene, elastomers such as ethylene—propylene copolymers and terpolymers and ethylene—vinyl acetate copolymer, and mbbets such as siUcone mbbet and styrene-butadiene mbbet. 

STYRENE. Styrene, CgH5CH=CH2, is the simplest and by far the most important member of a series of aromatic monomers. Also known commercially as styrene monomer (SM). styrene is produced in large quantities for polymerization. It is a versatile monomer extensively used for the manufacture of plastics, including crystalline polystyrene, rubber-modified impact polystyrene, expandable polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), styrene-acrylonitrile resins (SAN), styrene-butadiene latex, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR). and unsaturated polyester resins. See also Acrylonitrile Polymers. 

The formation of coagulum is observed in all types of emulsion polymers (i) synthetic rubber latexes such as butadiene-styrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene, and butadiene-styrene-vinyl pyridine copolymers as well as polybutadiene, polychloroprene, and polyisoprene (ii) coatings latexes such as styrene-butadiene, acrylate ester, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, and ethylene copolymers (iii) plastisol resins such as polyvinyl chloride (iv) specialty latexes such as polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, and other fluorinated polymers (v) inverse latexes of polyacrylamide and other water-soluble polymers prepared by inverse emulsion polymerization. There are no major latex classes produced by emulsion polymerization that are completely free of coagulum formation during or after polymerization. 

Like HIPS, acrylonitrile-styrene-butadiene (ABS) polymers have polybutadiene rubber incorporated into styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN), giving a resin consisting of a two-phase system with inclusions of rubber in a continuous glassy matrix. Again, development of the best properties requires grafting between the glassy and rubbery phases. 

Butadiene is used as a chemical intermediate and as a polymer component in the synthetic rubber industry, the latter accounting for 75% of the butadiene produced. Styrene-butadiene rubber, polybutadiene rubber, adiponitrile, styrene-butadiene latex, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resins, and nitrile rubber are used in the manufacture of tires, nylon products, plastic bottles and food wraps, molded rubber goods, latex adhesives, carpet backing and pads, shoe soles, and medical devices. 

Acrylonitrile is used in the production of acrylic fibers, resins, and surface coating as an intermediate in the production of pharmaceuticals and dyes as a polymer modifier and as a fumigant. It may occur in fire-effluent gases because of pyroly-ses of polyacrylonitrile materials. Acrylonitrile was found to be released from the acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer and acrylonitrile-styrene-butadiene copolymer bottles when these bottles were filled wifh food-simulating solvents such as water, 4% acetic acid, 20% ethanol, and heptane and stored for 10 days to 5 months (Nakazawa et al. 1984). The release was greater with increasing temperature and was attributable to the residual acrylonitrile monomer in the polymeric materials. 

Alkali and acid treatments have also been used to modify surface properties of polymers sulfonated polyethylene films treated first with ethylenediamine and then with a terpolymer of vinyhdene chloride, acrylonitrile, and acrylic acid exhibited better clarity and scuff resistance and reduced permeabihty. Permanently amber-colored polyethylene containers suitable for storing light-sensitive compoimds have been produced by treating fluorosulfonated polyethylene with alkali. Poly(ethylene terephthalate) dipped into trichloroacetic/chromic acid mixture has improved adhesion to polyethylene and nylons. Antifogging lenses have been prepared by exposing polystyrene films to sulfonating conditions. Acid and alkali surface treatments have also been used to produce desired properties in polymethylmethacrylates, polyacrylonitrile, styrene-butadiene resins, polyisobutylene, and natural rubber. Surface halogenation of the diene polymers natural rubber and polyisobutylene resulted in increased adhesion to polar surfaces. 

Synonyms ABS Acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene polymer Acrylonitrile/ butadiene/styrene resin Butadiene/acrylonitrile/styrene copolymer Poly (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) Poly (actylonitrile-co-butadiene-co-styrene)... 

Poly (styrene-co-acrylonitrile). See Styrene/acrylonitrile copolymer Poly (styrene-co-allyl alcohol). See Styrene/allyl alcohol copolymer Poly (styrene-co-butadiene). See Styrene/butadiene polymer Poly (styrene-co-divinylbenzene). See Styrene/DVB copolymer Poly (styrene-co-maleic anhydride). See Styrene/MA copolymer Poly (styrene-co-methyl methacrylate). See Styrene/methyl methacrylate copolymer Poly (styrene-co-a-methylstyrene). See Styrene/a-methyl styrene resin Poly (styrene-divinylbenzene). See Styrene/DVB copolymer Polystyrene, expandable Synonyms EPS Expandable polystyrene Expanded polystyrene XPS Definition Amorphous PS beads contg. pentane as a blowing agent and coated with a lubricant the polymer is converted to foamed articles with a closed cell structure by applic. of steam Properties Beads (0.4-1.5 mm diam.)... 

Tween 81. See Polysorbate 81 Tween 85 Tween 85LM. See Polysorbate 85 Twinkling Star. See Antimony trioxide Two-stage phenolic resin. See Novolac resin Two-stage resin. See Phenolic resin Ty-lon B11. See Sodium sulfite Tylac 037 Tylac 97-422 Tylac 692 Tylac 757 Tylac 820 Tylac 936 Tylac 979-RG Tylac 68009-00 Tylac 68010-00 Tylac 68012-00 Tylac 68013-00 Tylac 68014-00. See Styrene/butadiene polymer Tylac 68060-00. See Acrylonitrile copolymer Tylac 68073-00 Tylac 68074-00 Tylac 68075-00 Tylac 68076-00. See Butadiene-acrylonitrile elastomer, carboxyl-terminated Tylac 68150-00 Tylac 68151-00. See Butadiene/acrylonitrile copolymer Tylac 68152-00. See Styrene/butadiene polymer... 

Acrylic resin Acrylonitrilefbutadiene/styrene copolymer Bis (2,4-di-t-butylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite Butadiene/acrylonitrile copolymer EthyleneA/A copolymer Methoxyethyl acrylate Methyl methacrylate butadiene styrene terpolymer Polyethylene elastomer, chlorinated 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methylmethyl ester, polymer with 1,3-butadiene and butyl 2-propenoate impact modifier, PVC rigid EVA/PVC graft polymer impact modifier, recycled polyamides EPDM, maleated impact modifier, thermoplastics Butadiene/acrylonitrile copolymer impact strength modifier PEG-6 trimethylolpropane impact-resistance lights Polyester carbonate resin impact-resistance, lights Polyester carbonate resin impeller... 

Polymers Resins IV Acrylontrile-Butadiene-Sty-rene. Methyl Methacrylate-Acrylonitrile, Methyl Methacrylate-Butadiene, Polystyrene, Styrene Acrylonitrile, Polyethylene Terephthalate 07/31/97... 

A material made by blending polymers or copolymers with other polymers or elastomers under selected conditions, e.g., styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN) blended with butadiene-acrylonitrile elastomer (NBR). A mixture of two chemically different polymers to form a material having properties different from but often comprising those of the original resins. Also see Polymer alloy. Low-molecular-weight polymerization product of allyl monomer, CH2 = CHCH2X, where, for example, X = -OH, -OOCCH3. 

Hexafluoroacetone trihydrate n. A solvent cement, active at room temperatures, for bonding acetal resin articles to themselves and to other polymers such as nylon, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, styrene-acrylonitrile, polyester, cellulosics, and natural or synthetic rubber. It is also a toxic irritant, so it must be handled with care. 

Terpolymer tor- pHo-mor (1947) n. A polymer composed of molecules containing three chemically different types of monomers, or of the grafting of one monomer to the co-polymer of two different monomers. An important commercial terpolymer is ABS resin, derived from acrylonitrile, butadiene, and styrene. 

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