Pneumovax-23 pneumococcal vaccine

Pneumococcal Vaccine, Polyvalent (Pneumovax-23) Quadravalent Human Papillomavirus (Types 6, 11, 16, 18)... 

Vaccines Pneumococcal vaccine, polyvalent-23 pneumococcal isolates Pneumovax 23 0.5 ml dose contains 22 pg polysaccharide antigens purified from 23 serotypes of S. pneumoniae IM,SC NA NA NA Single 0.5 ml dose NA NA... 

Pneumococcal Vaccine, Polyvalent (Pneumovax-23) [Vaccine/ Inactive Bacteria] Uses immunization against pneumococcal Infxns in pts at high risk (eg, all = 65 y of age) Action Active immunization Dose 0.5 mL EM. Caution [C, ] Contra Do not vaccinate during immunosuppressive therapy Disp Inj SE Fever, inj site Rxn, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, anaphylaxis Interactions X- Effects W/ corticosteroids, immunosuppressants EMS None OD Unlikely... 

Pneumococcal vaccines produced by different manufacturers are currently available, for example Pneumovax 23 produced by Merck Sharp Dohme and Pnu-Imune 23 produced by Lederle Laboratories. Each vaccine dose (0.5 ml) contains 25 pg of each polysaccharide antigen. Immunization is recommended for people who are at increased risk of developing pneumococcal disease because of underlying chronic health conditions and for older people. About 50% of vaccinees develop mild adverse effects, such as erythema and pain at the injection site. Fever, myalgia, and severe local reactions have been reported in under 1% of vaccinees. Severe systemic reactions, such as anaphylaxis have been rarely reported. 

Much of this concern arises from extrapolation from published data on influenza immunization. However, there are some data on pneumococcal immunization alone. In 32 HIV-positive patients with a median CD4 cell count of 242 x 10 /1, who received Pneumovax and tetanus toxoid there was no change in plasma HIV-I RNA at 20-56 days after immunization (22). In contrast there were marked increases in plasma viral RNA (1.6-586 times) reported in 12 asymptomatic HIV-positive individuals (mean CD4 cell count 374 x 10 /1). More recently, a study of patients with more advanced disease found that HIV-l RNA and DNA were unaffected by either conjugate or polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine up to 309 days after immunization (23). In summary, the authors of the review (21) recommended that HIV-infected individuals be immunized with pneumococcal vaccine and that immunization should be carried out as early as possible in the course of HIV infection. 

Vitamin K pneumococcal vaccine PCV, PncOMP, Pneumovax II, Pnu-lmmune,... 

Two different pneumococcal vaccines are available. The 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV 7 Prevnar) induces good antibody responses in infants. Immunization with the PCV 7 is recommended for all children less than 24 months of age. Infants should receive the first dose between 6 weeks and 6 months. Two additional doses should be given at approximately 2-month intervals, followed by a fourth dose at age 12 to 15 months. The 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV 23 Pneumovax 23) was not recommended for use in children less than 2 years of age because... 

Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (Pneumovax 23 and Pnu-Immune 23) is a mixture of highly purified capsular polysaccharides from 23 of the most prevalent or invasive types of S. pneumoniae seen in the Umted States. Serotypes included are 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6B, 7F, 8, 9N, 9V lOA, 12F, 14, 15B, 17F, 18C, 19A, 20, 22F, 23F, and 33F. These 23 types represent 85% to 90% of all blood isolates and 85% of pneumococcal isolates from other generally sterile sites seen in the United States. The vaccine is administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously as a single 0.5-mL dose. Each 0.5-mL dose of vaccine contains 25 meg of each polysaccharide type dissolved in isotonic saline solution (for a total of 575 meg polysaccharide) and 0.25% phenol as preservative. Significant cross-reactivity with other pneumococcal capsular antigens not represented in the vaccine does not... 

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