Physical, generally

The economy requirement in the case of nonstationary problems in mathematical physics generally means that the number of arithmetic operations needed in connection with solving difference equations in passing from one layer to another is proportional to the total number of grid nodes. 

This question, which freezes first, hot water or cold water, is a favorite of popular science magazines. This discussion is taken from the web site http //math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/General/hot water.html. Sir Francis Bacon, Descartes and even Aristotle are said to have remarked on it. There are five factors that can make the hot water freeze faster than expected. 

The fact that substances can change form, as in the example of water changing to steam, is another important concept in chemistry. If you review what you just learned about physical properties of substances, you can see that because the particular form of a substance is a physical property, changing the form introduces or adds another physical property to its list of characteristics. In fact, resources that provide tables of physical and chemical properties of substances, such as the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, generally include the physical properties of substances in all of the states in which they can exist. 

The concepts of work and of heat are of fundamental importance in thermodynamics, and their definitions must be thoroughly understood the use of the term work in thermodynamics is much more restricted than its use in physics generally, and the use of the term heat is quite different from the everyday meaning of the word. Again, the definitions are those given by J. A. Beattie. ... 

Physical chemistry is done by chemists who do chemistry as if it were physics. Generalities are established and simplicities introduced, and matter-specific behavior is not considered to be of primary interest. Physical chemistry is understandably popular and materials chemists hunting for useful techniques will notice that it has a lot to offer but they might find that not all of it is as advertised. At best its methods are valuable but remain semiquantitative. 

There are some physical generalities concerning thermal expansion coefficients. One empirical correlation is that is constant for a wide range of cubic and close-packed compounds, where T is the melting point and is the volume coefficient of thermal expansion. The Griineisen equation relates ol to the compressibility Kq, the heat capacity c , and the molar volume V here y is the Gruneisen constant, a proportionality constant of first order ... 

For each of the following pairs of solutes and solvent, predict whether the solute would be soluble or insoluble. After making your predictions, you can check your answers by looking up the compounds in The Merck Index or the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Generally, The Merck Index is the easier reference book to use. If the substance has a solubility greater than 40 mg/mL, you may conclude that it is soluble, a. Malic acid in water... 

---