Peanut oil peanuts

The saturated C20 fatty acid arachidic acid is a minor constituent of peanut oil (peanut Arachis hypogaea). 

Peanut oil, sulfated. See Sulfated peanut oil Peanut stearine. See Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) stearine... 

Fig. 1. Comparison of palmitate (P) and erucate (E) metabolism in isolated hepatocytes from rats fed different diets Low fat pellets (pellet), low fat pellets + 0.3% clofibrate (clof.), and high fat diets (30% of the calories) with peanut oil (peanut) ra eseed oil (rapeseed), and partially hydrogenated fish oil (fish). The rapeseed oil and the fish oil contained 11.5% C22 monounsaturated fatty acids. The isolated cells were incubated with 0.5 mAf (16- C)-palmitate or (14- C)-erucate for 30 min. The vertical hatching indicates erucic acid recovered in the cell lipids as shortened fatty acids...

CH3-[CH2],8-C00H. M.p. 75 C. A fatty acid occurring as glycerides in peanut and other vegetable oils. 

Beef sirloin or tenderloin, out into 1" pieoes 1/3 cup peanut oil 2 tablespoons soy sauce the juice of 3-4 limes (or lemons)... 

Alternate beef and shrimp on skewers. Mix the peanut oil, soy sauce and lime juice in a bowl to use a basting sauce. On a nice, hot coai or wood grill, cook the k-bobs until medium rare (or to taste) brushing them often with the basting liquid. Put aside and keep warm. 

Arachidonic acid gets its name from arachidic acid the saturated C20 fatty acid isolated from peanut (Arachts hypogaea) oil... 

Eatty acids from commercial fats and oils, such as peanut oil, are extracted with methanolic NaOH and made volatile by derivatizing with a solution of methanol/BE3. Separations are carried out using a capillary 5% phenylmethyl silicone column with MS detection. By searching the associated spectral library students are able to identify the fatty acids present in their sample. Quantitative analysis is by external standards. 

Moving-bed percolation systems are used for extraction from many types of ceUular particles such as seeds, beans, and peanuts (see Nuts). In most of these cases organic solvents are used to extract the oils from the particles. Pre-treatment of the seed or nut is usually necessary to increase the number of ceUs exposed to the solvent by increasing the specific surface by flaking or rolling. The oil-rich solvent (or misceUa) solution often contains a small proportion of fine particles which must be removed, as weU as the oil separated from the solvent after leaching. 

Soybean meal is the most frequently used source of supplemental protein in the United States (5). Cottonseed meal is another important protein supplement. Both meals are by-products from oil extraction of the seeds. Canola meal is derived from rapeseed low in emcic acid [112-86-7] and glucosinolates. Linseed (derived from flax seed), peanut, sunflower, safflower, sesame, coconut, and palm kernel meals are other sources of supplemental protein that are by-products of oil extraction (4). 

Highly pure / -hexane is used to extract oils from oilseeds such as soybeans, peanuts, sunflower seed, cottonseed, and rapeseed. There has been some use of hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon-derived solvents such as methylene chloride to extract caffein from coffee beans, though this use is rapidly being supplanted by supercritical water and/or carbon dioxide, which are natural and therefore more acceptable to the pubHc. 

Other than fuel, the largest volume appHcation for hexane is in extraction of oil from seeds, eg, soybeans, cottonseed, safflower seed, peanuts, rapeseed, etc. Hexane has been found ideal for these appHcations because of its high solvency for oil, low boiling point, and low cost. Its narrow boiling range minimises losses, and its low benzene content minimises toxicity. These same properties also make hexane a desirable solvent and reaction medium in the manufacture of polyolefins, synthetic mbbers, and some pharmaceuticals. The solvent serves as catalyst carrier and, in some systems, assists in molecular weight regulation by precipitation of the polymer as it reaches a certain molecular size. However, most solution polymerization processes are fairly old it is likely that those processes will be replaced by more efficient nonsolvent processes in time. 

Fats and fatty oils). For the most part, oil is contained in the kernel or embryo of the seed, though it can also occur in the flesh of the ginkgo fmit and in the endosperm of coconut, palm, and pine nuts. Relative amounts of some fatty acids present in a few types of nuts are given in Table 5. Considerable variations in the percentages of fatty acids have also been reported in both pecan and peanut oils from a variety of sources. (Table 6). (For main physical characteristics and the composition of nut oils, see Fats and fatty oils. 

Partially Defatted Nuts. There is considerable demand for nuts and nut products of reduced fat content. Almond meal and peanut meal are examples of products having low fat content achieved by pressing oil from the nuts and by grinding the cake. Much of the flavor is in the oil defatted nuts are thus less tasty. 

A process has been developed (139) whereby up to 80% of the oil can be removed from whole, raw peanuts without the use of solvent. In this process, the blanched peanuts are brought to a proper moisture content, pressed mechanically, and then reshaped or reconstituted by dipping in hot water subsequently they can be roasted and salted, or used in confections or other formulations. Defatted peanuts may also be ground into meal and added to cookies, cakes, and many other products, where they impart a distinctly nutty flavor and cmnchy texture. On the other hand, the resulting high grade oil is refined and employed in cooking and industrial products. This process can also be used for pecans, walnuts, almonds, Brazil nuts, cashews, and other nuts (140-142). 

Commercially important nuts ia world trade iaclude almond, Bra2il nut, cashew, chestnut, coconut (copra), filbert, macadamia, palm nut, peanut, pecan, pignoHa, pistachio, and Knglish walnut. Coconut, palm nut, peanut, as well as babassu, oiticia, and tung, are important sources of oil for soap, paint, varnish, as well as many other domestic and iadustrial uses. 

Some fixed oils, such as cottonseed oil or peanut oil, and esters, eg, isopropyl myristate, may be used as solvent systems for parenteral dmgs. 

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