Pancreatitis effects

Steer, M.L., Rutledge, P.L., Powers, R.E., Saluja, M. and Saluja, A.K. (1991). The role of oxygen-derived fiee radicals in two models of experimental acute pancreatitis effects of catalase, superoxide dismutase, dimethyl sulphoxide, and allopurinol. Klin. Wochenschr. 69, 1012-1017. 

Pancreatic effect. Cigarette smoke, administered to anesthetized rats alone or in combination with iv ethanol infusion, reduced pancreatic blood flow temporarily and increased leukocyte-endothelium interaction (roller p < 0.001, sticker p < 0.01 vs baseline). Cigarette smoke potentiated the impairment of pancreatic capillary perfusion caused by ethanol, and both the number of rolling leukocytes and myeloperoxidase activity levels were increased compared with ethanol or nicotine administration alone h Tobacco-specific nitrosamines, administered to rats, induced pancreatic acinar cell and ductal cell neoplasms. One of the tumors had a mixed ductal-squamous-islet cell components . 

Pancreatic effect. Ginger (50 mg%), administered orally to rats, significantly enhanced pancreatic lipase activity and significantly stimulated trypsin and chymot-rypsin. The stimulatory influence was not observed when the treatment was restricted to a single dose . 

The pancreatic effect, in the case of failure of P-cell function together with an existing but inadequate insulin secretion, gives rise to an intensified insulin secretion as a result of a greater response of the P-cells to glucose. 

The present stndy shows effectiveness of the biospecific antiprotease hemosor-bent Ovosorb in the treatment of critically ill patients with destrnctive pancreatitis. Effectiveness of Ovosorb is mediated mostly via redaction of endogenous intoxication, fnnctional and metabolic disorders. 

The pancreatic effects may well have been secondary to the diazinon-induced cholinergic manifestations (Dagli et al. 1981). Acute pancreatitis was also found in two children poisoned with diazinon (Weizman and Sofer 1992). 

Endocrine Effects. A 16-year-old female who drank an estimated 10 mL of a diazinon formulation (Tik-20) developed pancreatitis after being treated for cholinergic manifestations. The concentration of diazinon in the liquid was not reported so a dose could not be calculated. The pancreatic effects may well have been secondary to the diazinon-induced cholinergic manifestations (Dagli et al. 1981). Acute pancreatitis was also found in two children poisoned with diazinon (Weizman and Sofer 1992). 

Wallig, M. and Jeffery, E.H., Pancreatic effects of cyanohydroxybutene, Fundam. Appl Toxicol, 14, 144-159, 1990. 

Because diabetes is a heterogeneous disease, each patient must be treated individually. More studies, however, are necessary to determine which of several available sulphonylureas is most appropriate in clinical treatment. The evidence of the relative efficacy of sulphonylureas, however, is still inconclusive. The blood glucose-lowering effect has always been primarily attributed to their insulinotropic action. In subjects not previously exposed to sulphonylureas, close association between the appearance of the drug in the plasma after a single dose and the release of insulin has been amply demonstrated. Sulphonylureas, however, also seem to exert potent extra-pancreatic effects. This may explain why, in two recent reports, these agents were found to also be beneficial in the management of insulin-dependent diabetes. 

Uracil is used more effectively, in nucleic acid synthesis within a rat hepatoma than in normal liver. This observation appears to have stimulated the synthesis of 5-fluorouracil (1027) as an antimetabolite mainly because the introduction of a fluorine atom involves a minimal increase in size. In the event, 5-fluorouracil did prove to have antineoplastic activity and it is now a valuable drug for treatment of tumors of the breast, colon or rectum, and to a lesser extent, gastric, hepatic, pancreatic, uterine, ovarian and bladder carcinomas. As with other drugs which interfere with DNA synthesis, the therapeutic index is quite low and great care is required during treatment (69MI21301). 

Clinical trials showed therapeutic efficacy in a broad spectrum of tumors these include SCLC, testicular tumors, sarcomas, breast cancer, renal cell cancer, pancreatic tumors and lymphomas. Ifosfamide is less myelosuppressive than cyclophosphamide but is more toxic to the bladder. Therefore it is recommended that ifosfamide is coadministered with the thiol compound mesna to avoid hemorrhagic cystitis and to reduce the risk of developing bladder cancer. Other side effects include neurotoxicity and myelosuppression. 

Appetite-suppressing. Neuropqrtide modulators and gut hormones with anorexigenic effects are a-melanocortin-stimulating hormone (a-MSH), cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), leptin, insulin, oxyntomodulin, pancreatic peptide PP, peptide YY and PYY3 36, and others. 

Elastase-like proteinases are serine proteinases that recognized peptide residues with linear aliphatic side chains (alanyl, valyl, leucyl or isoleucyl residues) and that effect hydrolysis of the polypeptide chain on the carboxy-terminal side of these residues. Examples of elastase-like proteinase are pancreatic elastase, neutrophil elastase and proteinase-3. 

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