Pancreatic acinar cells

The word hormone is derived from the Greek hormaein, meaning to set in motion or to excite. It was used initially to define the activity of secretin [1393-25-5] (1), a gastrointestinal polypeptide released into the blood by the duodenal mucosa to stimulate pancreatic acinar cells to release bicarbonate and water. 

AQP10 has only been identified in the small intestine so far and is thought to play a role in hormonal secretion. AQP11 is expressed in kidney, liver, testis and brain, but no function has been found so far. AQP12 has been identified in pancreatic acinar cells, where it is thought to facilitate the release of digestive enzymes into the pancreatic duct. 

TRPV5 and TRPV6, also known as the epithelial Ca2+ channel or ECaC (TRPV5) and Ca2+transporter 1 or Ca2+ transporter-like (TRPV6), are the only two Ca2+-selective TRP channels identified so far. They may function in vitamin D-dependent transcellular transport of Ca2+in kidney, intestine and placenta. TRPV6 is also expressed in pancreatic acinar cells, and in prostate cancer, but not in healthy prostate or in benign prostate hyperplasia. 

S Muallem. (1989). Calcium transport pathways of pancreatic acinar cells. Annu Rev Physiol 51 83-105. 

H Sterb, RF Irvine, MJ Berridge, I Schulz. (1983). Release of Ca2+ from a nonmito-chondrial intracellular store in pancreatic acinar cells by inositol-4,5-triphosphate. Annu Rev Physiol 306 67-69. 

Progressive ultrastructural degeneration of pancreatic acinar cells evident as early as day 5 (Kazacos and Van Vleet 1989). 

Eisner There are experiments in pancreatic acinar cells showing that Ca2+ can tunnel through the ER from one end of the cell to the other. 

Serum lipase is synthesized and stored in the granules of pancreatic acinar cells and is excreted from the apical poles of the acinar cells into the duct system of the gland. Lipases are produced not only in the pancreas but also at various sites in the human digestive tract [126][127]. Lipases are also found in leucocytes, adipose tissue, lung, and milk. 

PANCREAS Membrane potential measurements in pancreatic /3 cells with intracellular microelectrodes, 192, 235 stimulation of secretion by secretagogues, 192, 247 pancreatic secretion in vivo, perfused gland, and isolated duct studies, 192, 256 dispersed pancreatic acinar cells and pancreatic acini, 192, 271 permeabilizing cells some methods and applications for the study... 

Rats fed diets containing 30 or 300ppm ammonium perfluorooctanoate for 2 years had increased liver weights with occasional necrosis and an apparent dose-dependent increase in Leydig cell adenomas, but there was no evidence of an increased incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma. In a follow-up study in male mice, 300ppm in the diet for 2 years caused increases in liver, Leydig cell, and pancreatic acinar cell tumors that may have been associated with the peroxisome-proliferating capabilities of the compound. Ammonium perfluorooctanoate also produced sustained increases in serum estradiol concentrations. ... 

Although several epidemiological studies have suggested a positive association between dichlorvos exposure and cancer, conclusions are limited because all have involved small study groups and exposure to several agents. In animal studies chronic gavage administration of dichlorvos caused a dose-related increase in papillomas of the forestomach in mice and a dose-related increase in mononuclear-cell leukemia and an increased incidence of pancreatic acinar cell adenomas in male rats. The lARC has determined that there is sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity of DDVP in experimental animals and inadequate evidence in humans. ... 

De Castro CR, Bernacchi AS, De Ferreyra EC, et al. 1978. Carbon tetrachloride induced ultrastructural alterations in pancreatic acinar cells and in the hepatocytes. Similarities and differences. Toxicology 11 289- 296. 

Pancreatic effect. Cigarette smoke, administered to anesthetized rats alone or in combination with iv ethanol infusion, reduced pancreatic blood flow temporarily and increased leukocyte-endothelium interaction (roller p < 0.001, sticker p < 0.01 vs baseline). Cigarette smoke potentiated the impairment of pancreatic capillary perfusion caused by ethanol, and both the number of rolling leukocytes and myeloperoxidase activity levels were increased compared with ethanol or nicotine administration alone h Tobacco-specific nitrosamines, administered to rats, induced pancreatic acinar cell and ductal cell neoplasms. One of the tumors had a mixed ductal-squamous-islet cell components . 

Kombrast, D.J., Barfknecht, T.R. Ingram, P. (1984) Effect of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate on DNA repair and lipid peroxidation in rat hepatocytes and on metabolic cooperation in Chinese hamster V-79 cells. J. Toxicol, environ. Health, 13, 99-116 Kurata, Y., Kidachi, F., Yokoyama, M., Toyota, N., Tsuchitani, M. Katoh, M. (1998) Subchronic toxicity of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in common marmosets lack of hepatic peroxisome proliferation, testicular atrophy, or pancreatic acinar cell hyperplasia. Toxicol. Sci., 42, 49-56... 

Other portions of the gastrointestinal tract can also be injured. Chronic alcohol ingestion is by far the most common cause of chronic pancreatitis in the Western world. In addition to its direct toxic effect on pancreatic acinar cells, alcohol alters pancreatic epithelial permeability and promotes the formation of protein plugs and calcium carbonate-containing stones. 

Another connexin with a molecular weight of 32 kD, Cx32, was cloned from human liver [Kumar and Gilula, 1986], rat liver [Paul, 1986] and was also found in hepatocytes [Paul, 1986 Traub et ah, 1989], stomach, brain and kidney [Paul, 1986] as well as in pancreatic acinar cells [Dermietzel et ah,... 

Acetylcholine is involved in many aspects of the regulation of the cardiovascular system. Thus, it may also play a role in the control of intercellular communication. Very early in gap junction research the effect of acetylcholine as an important transmitter on gap junction conductance has been investigated. First, Petersen and Ueda [1976] demonstrated an increase in junctional resistance in pancreatic acinar cells following the application of acetylcholine. Concomitantly, the release of amylase was stimulated. A minimum concentration of 1 pmol/l acetycholine was required to evoke uncoupling. The next question was, how is the acetylcholine effect mediated Calcium has been considered to contribute to the mechanism of action [Iwatsuki and Pertersen,... 

Chanson M, Meda P Rat pancreatic acinar cell coupling Comparison of extent and modulation in vitro and in vivo in Hall JE, Zampighi GA, Davies RM (eds) Gap Junctions. Progress in Cell Research, vol 3. Amsteradam, Elsevier, 1993, pp 199-205. 

Iwatsuki N, Petersen OH Pancreatic acinar cells Acetylcholine-evoked electrical uncoupling and its ionic dependency. J Physiol 1978 274 81-96. 

Petersen OH, Ueda N Pancreatic acinar cells The role of calcium in stimulus-secretion coupling. J Physiol 1976 254 583-606. 

Somogyi R, Kolb HA Modulation of gap junctional coupling in pairs of pancreatic acinar cells by cAMP, OAG and protein kinase C. Ber Bunsenges Phys Chem 1988b 92 993-998. 

The outline of another important second-messenger system was elucidated during the last few years. Chemical messengers that act via this system include a variety of hormones (e.g., catecholamines, vasopressin, and angiotensin) as well as some neurotransmitters (e.g., acetylcholine acting on pancreatic acinar cells to stimulate secretion of digestive... 

Wu, J., N. Kamimura, T. Takeo, S. Suga, M. Wakui, T. Maruyama and K. Mikoshiba, 2000, 2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl borate modulates kinetics of intracellular Ca(2+) signals mediated by inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-sensitive Ca(2+) stores in single pancreatic acinar cells of mouse, Mol Pharmacol, 58, (6), pp. 1368-1374... 

Mogami H., Gardner J., Gerasimenko O.V., Camello P., Petersen O.H., and Tepikin A.V. 1999 Calcium binding capacity of the cytosol and endoplasmic reticulum of mouse pancreatic acinar cells. J Physiol 518 ( Pt 2), 463-467. 

RGS proteins can also modify GPCR-G-protein coupling in an agonist-selective manner. For example, in pancreatic acinar cells, RGS4 inhibits muscarinic signaling... 

G10. Gukovskaya, A. S., Gukovsky, I., Zaninivic, V., Song, M., Sandoval, D., and Gukovsky, S., Pancreatic acinar cells produce, release, and respond to tumor necrosis factor a. J. Clin. Invest. 

Kurata Y, Kidachi F, Yokoyama M, et al. 1998. Subchronic toxicity of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in common marmosets Lack of hepatic peroxisome proliferation, testicular atrophy, or pancreatic acinar cell hyperplasia. Toxicol Sci 42 49-56. 

Jauch, P. Lauger, P. (1986). Electrogenic properties of the sodium-alanine cotransporter in pancreatic acinar cells. II. Comparison with transport models. J. Membr. Biol. 94,117-127. 

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