Training machinery operators

A more difficult problem was that of securing operators to run the machinery, for although a number of the supervisors from the Long Island plant came to Edgewood very few of the operators did. Consequently, it was necessary to train new operators, a process which required a period of about six months. The gas mask factory at Edgewood reconditioned approximately one half million World War I masks and produced 120,000 new masks in the years 1920-21. ... 

Time-domain plots must be used for all linear and reciprocating motion machinery. They are useful in the overall analysis of machine-trains to study changes in operating conditions. However, time-domain data are difficult to use. Because all the vibration data in this type of plot are added together to represent the total displacement at any given time, it is difficult to directly see the contribution of any particular vibration source. 

Constant-speed machinery If a machine-train operates at constant speed, the best method is to set the windows using the Fmin and Fmax frequencies associated with the specific component. For example, a narrowband window could be established to monitor the energy generated... 

Expertise required to operate One of the objectives for using microprocessor-based predictive maintenance systems is to reduce the expertise required to acquire error-free, useful vibration and process data from a large population of machinery and systems within a plant. The system should not require user input to establish maximum amplitude, measurement bandwidths, filter settings, or allow free-form data input. All of these functions force the user to be a trained analyst and will increase both the cost and time required to routinely acquire data from plant equipment. Many of the microprocessors on the market provide easy, menu-driven measurement routes that lead the user through the process of acquiring accurate data. The ideal system should require a single key input to automatically acquire, analyze, alarm and store all pertinent data from plant equipment. This type of system would enable an unskilled user to quickly and accurately acquire all of the data required for predictive maintenance. 

The requirement for safety precautions when operating or working on all types of machinery cannot be overstressed, in that the likelihood of an accident occurring on moving machinery is invariably high. It is essential that all these who work on such machines are adequately trained as to the operation and the safeguards fitted. Regulations that must be complied with include ... 

Workshop machinery is used either for the finishing operations on polyurethane castings or in the production of prototypes and molds. All people using the machinery must have had safety training in the operation of the equipment. 

Blister packaging equipment can extend from a fairly basic piece of machinery which covers a form fill seal, and removal from the web operation to a highly sophisticated unit covering a far more complex range of operations. Invariably complexity must be associated with higher prices, more highly trained operatives, less flexibility, etc. Plastic blister materials cannot offer full climatic protection, hence additional protection may have to be achieved by some form of overwrapping system. 

Train people in use of equipment and certify operators of larger equipment, especially in safe use of lawnmowers, chain saws, tractors, and other dangerous machinery. 

Alternatively, this could actually be the manifestation of the ideal version of safety on sites - it has become something completely inherent in construction work, and so does not need to be separated out from the business of operating machinery or tools. As CDM 2015 desires, safety is now embedded in the r/ght skills and training for the work. However, whilst this would be an ideal scenario, the fact that practice dominates the discussion, along with payment for this practice, suggests further exploration of this relationship between safety and work is needed, and this is duly examined in Chapter 6. 

Coextrusion increases the cost and complexity of a blown film line considerably. Significantly higher hardware costs, increased operator training, and more sophisticated machinery and control systems are some of the demands of a coextrusion line. However, the gains resulting from increased product capabilities make most investments in coextrusion profitable. Improved film performance leads to increased market share and may open new markets. Also, material costs may be decreased through the use of thinner layers due to higher product performance characteristics. 

Who Employers may permit only those employees qualified by training or experience to operate equipment and machinery. 

Phase-in requirements— Before November 10, 2017, operators of covered equipment must be competent to operate the equipment safely. Also, before November 10, 2017, any employee assigned to operate machinery, who does not have the required knowledge or ability to operate that equipment safely, must be trained and evaluated. 

The construction OSHA rules at 1926.20(b)(4) requires that only employees quahfied by training or experience can operate equipment and machinery. At 1926.21(b)(3) OSHA requires that employees required to handle or use poisons, caustics, and other harmful substances shall be instructed regarding the safe handhng and use, and be made aware of the potential hazards, personal hygiene, and personal protective measures required. 

OSHA s general training requirement at 1926.20(b)(4) requires, The employer shall permit only those employees quahfied by training or experience to operate equipment and machinery. In addition, at 1926.21(b)(2) (DSHA states, The employer shall instruct each employee in the recognition and avoidance of unsafe conditions and the regulations apphcable to his work environment to control or eliminate any hazards or other exposure to illness or injury. ... 

---