Oleic acid vegetable oils

PS n-Heptane (vapor or liquid), benzene, ether, methanol, oleic acid, vegetable oils PE Surfactants, alcohols, ether, silicone oils, ketones, esters... 

Studies evaluated the correlation between sensory parameters and the oxidative stability indices of soybean oils [4]. Furthermore were carried out comparative studies on the oxidative stability of edible oils evaluating their stability by DSC and OSI [14]. On the other hand investigated the thermal stability of high oleic acid vegetable oils with antioxidants [6]. Was evaluated further the influence of the methods of extraction on the yield and quality of Brazil nut oil [23]. 

Uses W/o and o/w emulsifier tor oleic acid, vegetable oil, mineral oil, and a variety of solvents... 

Uses W/o and o/w emulsifier for oleic acid, vegetable oil, min. oil, silicones, and variety of soivs. rec. for personal care prods, requiring colorless, fragrance-free components compat. with most anionic surfactants conditioner for hair and skin prods. 

Stabilizer 9-A [Givaudan-Roure] Mono and diisoi pylated m- and p- cresols antioxidant for fatty acids and their derivs. used in antistats, fiber lubricants, stearic acid, oleic acid, vegetable and animal oils, paraffin. 

Tlie Fatty IVTaterials employed,— These are the animal and vegetable oils. Of the animal oils, those of the whale, seal, and cod are chiefly used the vegetable oils are olive, hempseed, linseed, rapese coleseed, colza, poppy, c. Sometimes oleic acid, pahn-oil, and small quantities of tallow are also employed in the manufacture, but the latter is only used to give the soap a granular or fig-like appearance. 

Animal Fat SATURATED FATTY ACIDS OLEIC ACID LINOLEIC ACID SATURATED FATTY ACIDS Vegetable Oil OLEIC ACID LINOLEIC ACID... 

SNG Substitute natural gas. soaps Sodium and potassium salts of fatty acids, particularly stearic, palmitic and oleic acids. Animal and vegetable oils and fats, from which soaps are prepared, consist essentially of the glyceryl esters of these acids. In soap manufacture the oil or fat is heated with dilute NaOH (less frequently KOH) solution in large vats. When hydrolysis is complete the soap is salted out , or precipitated from solution by addition of NaCl. The soap is then treated, as required, with perfumes, etc. and made into tablets. 

The term fat is applied to solid esters of fatty acids with glycerol (glycerides) if the fat is liquid at the ordinary temperature, it is conventionally called a fatty oil, vegetable oil or animal oil. The acids which occur most abundantly are palmitic ticid CH3(CHj),4COOH, stearic acid CH3(CH2)isCOOH and oleic acid CH3(CH2),CH=CH(CH2),C00H. Upon hydrolysis, fats yield glycerol and the alkali salts of these acids (soaps) ... 

Sulfated Natural Oils and Fats. Sulfated natural triglycerides were the first nonsoap commercial surfactants introduced in the middle of the nineteenth century. Since then sulfates of many vegetable, animal, and fish oils have been investigated (see also Fats AND FATTY oils). With its hydroxyl group and a double bond, ricinoleic acid (12-hydroxy-9,10-octadecenoic acid) is an oil constituent particularly suited for sulfation. Its sulfate is known as turkey-red oil. Oleic acid is also suited for sulfation. Esters of these acids can be sulfated with a minimum of hydrolysis of the glyceride group. Polyunsaturated acids, with several double bonds, lead to dark-colored sulfation products. The reaction with sulfuric acid proceeds through either the hydroxyl or the double bond. The sulfuric acid half ester thus formed is neutralized with caustic soda ... 

Figure 10.5 Dependence of oxidative stability on the percentage of oleic acid in different vegetable oils.

Monounsaturated fats Triacylglycerols containing primarily fatty acids with one double bond are referred to as monounsaturated fat. Unsaturated fatty acids are generally derived from vegetables and fish. When substituted for saturated fatty acids in the diet, monounsaturated fats lower both total plasma cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, but increase HDLs. This ability of monounsaturated fats to favorably modify lipoprotein levels may explain, in part, the observation that Mediterranean cultures, with diets rich in olive oil (high in monounsaturated oleic acid), show a low incidence of coronary heart disease. 

Oleic acid may be obtained from glycerol trioleate, present in many liquid vegetable and animal nondrying oils, such as olive, cottonseed, lard, by hydrolysis. The crude oleic acid after separation of the water solution of glycerol is cooled to fractionally crystallize the stearic and palmitic acids, which are then separated by filtration, and fractional distillation under diminished pressure. Oleic acid reacts with lead oxide to form lead oleate, which is soluble in ether, whereas lead stearate or palmitaie is insoluble, prom lead oleate oleic add may be obtained by treatment with IL 5 (lead sulfide, insoluble solid, formed). With sodium oleate, a soap is formed. Most soaps are mixtures of sodium stearate, palmitate. and oleate. 

Oleic acid is used in the preparation of metallic oleates, such as aluminum oleate for thickening lubricating oils, for water-proofing materials, and for varnish dryers. The glyceryl ester of oleic add is one of the constituents of many vegetable and animal oils and tats. 

Palmitic acid is present as cetyl ester in spermaceti from which, by hydrolysis, the acid may be obtained it is present in bee s wax as the mehssic ester and in most vegetable and animal oils and fats, in greater or lesser amounts, as glyceryl tripalmitate or as mixed esters, along with stearic and oleic adds, Palmitic acid is separated from stearic and oleic acids by fractional vacuum distillation and by fractional crystallization. With NaOH, palmitic add forms sodium palmitate, a soap, Most soaps are mixtures of sodium stearate, palmitate, and oleate. 

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