Occupational clinical epidemiology

Landrigan PJ, Kteiss K, Xintaras C, et al. 1980. Clinical epidemiology of occupational neurotoxic disease. Neurobehav Toxicol 2(l) 43-48. 

JUNIPER, C.P., HOW, M.J., GOODWIN, B.F.J. KINSHOTT, A.K. (1977) Bacillus subtilis enzymes a 7 year clinical, epidemiological and immunological study of an industrial allergen. Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine, 27, 3-12. 

Mass spectroscopic methods (MS) for T1 determination have long been known, and are extensively used in the fields of soil analysis, agricultural products, foodstuffs and biomatrices in clinical, epidemiological and occupational investigations and surveillance. Inductively coupled plasma MS (ICP-MS) is vastly superior to the previously mentioned determination methods. Indeed, quadrupole ICP-MS (Q-ICP-MS) achieves detection limits of 0.005 tg T1 in urine, whilst sector field ICP-MS (SF-ICP-MS) is... 

Fig. 2. Example of clinical epidemiology occupations of patients with suspected occupation-related dermatoses (n = 4.397). Evaluation of 28,957 patients patch tested from 1994 to 1996. Unpublished data from the IVDK...

Table 5. Clinical epidemiology - sensitization in specific occupations I the most frequent allergens in women with and without medical occupations. Number of patients tested (1), rates standardized by age (two groups, <40 and >40) (2), and rates of the total test population (women medical occupations excluded) (3-4). Significant differences with asterix (P < 0.05) (from Schnuch et al. 1998a)...

Table 6. Clinical epidemiology - sensitization in specific occupations II important allergens in construction workers (men) suspected to suffer from occupational dermatoses working in construction. Rates standardized for age (<40 >40) (from Geier and Schnuch 1998)...

Bipolar disorders have been categorized into bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, and bipolar disorder, not otherwise specified (NOS). Bipolar I disorder is characterized by one or more manic or mixed mood episodes. Bipolar II disorder is characterized by one or more major depressive episodes and at least one hypomanic episode. Hypomania is an abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood, but not of sufficient severity to cause significant impairment in social or occupational function and does not require hospitalization. Most epidemiologic studies have looked at bipolar disorder of all types (bipolar I and bipolar II), or the bipolar spectrum, which includes all clinical conditions thought to be closely related to bipolar disorder. The lifetime prevalence of bipolar I disorder is estimated to be between 0.3% and 2.4%. The lifetime prevalence of bipolar II disorder ranges from 0.2% to 5%. When including the bipolar spectrum, the lifetime prevalence is between 3% and 6.5%.1... 

Numerous diagnostic methods have been developed to evaluate female reproductive dysfunction. Although these methods have rarely been used for occupational or environmental toxicological evaluations, they may be helpful in defining biological parameters and mechanisms related to female reproductive toxicity. If clinical observations link exposure to the reproductive effect of concern, these data will aid the assessment of adverse female reproductive toxicity. The following clinical observations include end-points that may be reported in case reports or epidemiological research studies. 

Mark Cullen is professor of medicine and public health at Yale University School of Medicine. His research interests are in occupational and environmental medicine, including isocyanate exposure in automobile-shop workers, lung cancer in people exposed to asbestos, and lead toxicity in workers. He has published several textbooks, including Clinical Occupational Medicine and Textbook of Clinical Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Dr. Cullen received his MD from Yale University and did his residency in internal medicine. He is a member of the DuPont Epidemiology Review Board, a member of the MacArthur Foundation Network on Socioeconomic Status and Health, and a corporate medical director for the Aluminum Company of America. Dr. Cullen is a member of the Institute of Medicine and served as a member of its Board on Health Sciences. 

Kawahara D, Oshima H, Kosugi H, et al. 1993. Further epidemiologic-study of occupational contact-dermatitis in the dental clinic. Contact Dermatitis 28(2) 114-115. 

Occupational Exposure. Hepatic effects have been investigated in a number of epidemiology studies and clinical surveys of PCB-exposed workers. Increased serum levels of liver-related enzymes, particularly gamma-glutamyl transpepfidase (GTP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (AP), and/or lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), were reported... 

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