Noryl electrical

Physical or chemical vapor-phase mechanisms may be reasonably hypothesized in cases where a phosphoms flame retardant is found to be effective in a noncharring polymer, and especially where the flame retardant or phosphoms-containing breakdown products are capable of being vaporized at the temperature of the pyrolyzing surface. In the engineering of thermoplastic Noryl (General Electric), which consists of a blend of a charrable poly(phenylene oxide) and a poorly charrable polystyrene, experimental evidence indicates that effective flame retardants such as triphenyl phosphate act in the vapor phase to suppress the flammabiUty of the polystyrene pyrolysis products (36). 

General Electric is the only U.S. producer of Noryl resin and also has faciHties in Japan and Europe. DMPPO is also produced in Japan by Ashahi, Mitsubishi Gas Chemical, and Sumitomo. 

Modified nylons are blends of nylon resins and specially grafted nylon resins. In the Du Pont family of Zytel resin, certain blends have been designated Supertough to emphasize the improvement in impact that blends provide over standard resins. General Electric s Noryl GTX resins consist of a nylon matrix resin and a PPO resin in dispersed form. A highly sophisticated blend, it maintains a filled nylon s HPT with no sacrifice of impact resistance. 

Unfortunately for PPO its price is too great to justify more them very restricted application and this led to the introduction of the related tmd cheaper Noryl materials in 1966 by the General Electric Corporation. These will be discussed in the next section. In recent years the only sources of unmodified PPO have been the USSR (Aryloxa) and Poland (Biapen). 

Polyamide PPOs are manufactured by General Electric (Noryl GTX), BASF having now withdrawn from marketing their product (Ultranyl). Usage of the blends has so far been mainly in the automobile field for such applications as valance panels, wheel trims, grilles, rear quarter panels, front bumpers and tailgates. 

Polyblends of impact-resistant polystyrene and PPO (NORYL, General Electric). ... 

It was then modified by polyblending with impact styrene to produce Noryl, with good thermoplastic processability and somewhat lower heat distortion temperature (265°F.). In this form at 0.59/pound, it has been finding growing acceptance in business machines, appliances, electrical equipment, and water distribution equipment. 

General Electric, Advanced Materials, 1 Noryl Ave, Selkirk, NY 12158... 

Miscible Blends. Both Components Amorphous. Certainly one of the most commercially important and publicized examples of a miscible polymer blend system is that based on polystyrene and poly(phenylene oxide), which is sold under the trade name Noryl by General Electric. Many fundamental studies of this system have been published, many of which were devoted to proving that these two components are miscible in a thermodynamic sense (see chapter 5 of Ref. 10 by MacKnight, Karasz, and Fried). Commercial interest in this system involves both... 

To the range of engineering plastics were added polyethylene and polybutylene tereph-thalates (PET and PBT), as well as General Electric s polyethers, the PPO (polyphenylene oxide) produced through polymerization of 2,6-xylenol and the Noryl plastic produced by blending PPO with polystyrene. Other special polymers, derived like the polycarbonates from bisphenol A, were added to this range polyarylates, polysul-fones, polyetherimides. 

General Electric Company, Plastics Dept., Selkirk, New York, NORYL Resin Design Guide, CDX-83. 

Oxidative coupling of phenols was first reported by Hay and coworkers in 1959" and has since been developed to produce commercially useful polymers. In these reactions the parent compound, phenol, has a potential functionality of four, that is the two ortho and the one para position of the aromatic ring and the phenolic group. Not surprisingly, the commercially useful polymers are made from substituted phenols in which the potential functionality is reduced to two. Of these phenols 2,6-dimethylphenol or orf/zo-xylenol has been developed to a commercial polymer, poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (54). The General Electric Company sells this as a blend with polystyrene under the trade name Noryl. 

The poly(phenylene oxide) polymer was commercial resin obtained from Noryl Products Division, General Electric Company, Selkirk, NY. Solvents were spectroscopic grade. All other reagents were obtained from commercial sources and were used as received. 

Perhaps the best known member of the "heat-resistant" styrene plastics family is General Electric s Noryl (34). Noryl is an alloy of poly(phenylene oxide) and high-impact polystyrene. Heat deflection temperatures for Noryl range as high as 300 °F. The balance of mechanical properties is excellent, although processability is more difficult than for conventional styrene plastics. 

Noryl Thermoplastic Resins" Technical Bulletin, General Electric Company Selkirk, N.Y. 

The first applications were those requiring autoclaving (medical equipment) or outstanding electrical properties at elevated temperatures. As compounding, stabilization, and processing skills improved, markets for Noryl expanded to Include office equipment, electronic components, automotive parts, water distribution systems, and general metal replacement. 

Blends of polyphenylene ether (PPE, also known as PPO ) with HIPS are, by far, the most successful of all the commercial blends. Currently, more than 100 kton/y of PPE/HIPS blends are produced in the USA [Levy, 1991] almost exclusively by General Electric company, which originally introduced this blend commercially in 1964 under the trade name, Noryl . There are now other producers of this blend in Europe and Japan. 

PPO -based resins, for example, NORYL , have many industrial uses, namely, computer and business machine housings, fluid handling and water pump housings, structural and interior components in electrical/electronic devices, automotive underhood components and instrument panels, microwave-able food packaging, telecommunications, appliances and housewares, building and construction, frames, and ventilating parts. 

Since the discovery of PPO by Allan S. Hay ofthe General Electric Company in the 1960s [3,41], over 1500 patents have been issued in the field of oxidative coupling polymerization, and the total sales worldwide of engineering plastics based on PPO to date represent about US 1 billion per year. In fact, Noryl -modrfied PPO resins have become the world s most successful and best-known polymer blends and alloys. 

PPE/PS Noryl/General Electric Improved processing, combination of heat resistance, excellent dimensional stability and toughness Computer and business equipment housings, automotive instrument panels, interior trim, connectors, electrical housings, medical components... 

Another PPO, called PPE, is produced by the oxidative coupling of a mixture of 2,6-dimethylphenol and 2,3,6-trimethylphenol. This stiff polymer, like Noryl, is available fi om General Electric. It is usually modified by blending with PS or HIPS. 

The PPO-PA blends, which are sold by General Electric under the trade name Noryl GTX, can be baked and painted at 190°C without noticeable warpage or distortion, and have been used for producing automobile fenders. 

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