Nonflammable solvent

Flammable liquids should, of course, never be used for cleaning floors or for cleaning up spillages of dirty oil. Use nonflammable solvents or water plus detergents. 

Perchloroethylene (tetrachloroethylene) is a nonflammable solvent of low toxicity that dissolves and removes H blister and V nerve agents but does not neutralize them. NIOSH has recommended that this substance be treated as a potential human carcinogen. It does not work with G nerve agents. 

Keep the gas ballast open when pumping carbon tet and other nonflammable solvents. Use N 62 pump oil. 

Early one Sunday morning an explosion occurred in a nonflammable solvents plant. The explosion created a hole about 7 ft. (2 m) in diameter and 3 ft. (1 m) deep in the soil. The explosive forces were created within a temporary vessel that was 15 inches (38 cm) in diameter and 6 ft. (1.8 m) high. 

A major fire erupted in a nonflammable solvents manufacturing unit in a U.S. Gulf Coast chemical complex. A furnace tube in a natural-gas-fired heater ruptured due to overheating. At least 1,800 gallons (6,800 liters) of a combustible heat transfer fluid spilled and burned intensely. Within about 25 minutes, the intense hot fire damaged four levels of structure and associated process equipment. The plant on-site emergency squad quickly and properly responded. However, the price tag for short-lived incident was over 1.5 million in direct property damage and over 4 million in business interruption (U.S. 1979). Fortunately, there were no injuries. [2]... 

This decision was a serious mistake. Many heat exchangers in this area were manufactured of a very corrosion-resistant but brittle graphite material. Other problems in January 1981 allowed a hot, vaporized, combustible heat-transfer oil into the system which normally only contained a nonflammable solvent and acidic gases. A graphite condenser head fractured, and a vapor cloud of combustible heat transfer fluid escaped, ignited and resulted in an intense fire on an upper deck. There were no injuries, but property damages exceeded 500,000 (U.S. 1981). 

Tetrachloroethylene, a nonflammable solvent widely used in the dry cleaning industry, boils at 121°C and is relatively inert toward electrophilic dichlorocarbene. On generation of dichlorocarbene from either chloroform or sodium trichloroacetate in the presence of tetrachloroethylene, the yield of hexachlorocyclopropane (mp 104°C) is only 0.2-10% (W. R. Moore, 1963 E. K. Fields, 1963). The first ideafor simplifying the procedure was... 

Flammability Lower flammability or nonflammable solvents decrease safety problems. 

USE Nonflammable solvent for fats, oils, waxes, resins,... 

Hexamethylphosphoric triamide [680-3/-9] [14.280] is a basic, highly polar, nonflammable solvent with a very good solvency. Its dissolution properties are comparable to those of dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethylformamide. It is used for selective dissolution of organic compounds, as a reaction medium in chemical syntheses, as an antifreeze, and as an antistatic agent. 

Nonflammable—A term used to describe those halogenated solvents that have no fire or flash point when tested by standard test methods. The Department of Transportation specifies ASTM Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Tester (D 56) or ASTM Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by Setaflash-Closed-Cup Apparatus (D 3278) as acceptable test methods for determining flash points of liquids. Under unusual conditions, certain nonflammable solvents may exhibit some ability to burn. 

Less toxic and nonflammable solvents are used in the proposed o/o/o method. 

Since many of our thought processes and ensuing convictions and attitudes (posing as sound common sense ) are based on mere analogies and jumping to ill-founded conclusions, it is understandable that carbon tetrachloride, the popular nonflammable solvent and dean-ing fluid, has been wrongly endowed with the property of inertness. As shown above, it is a most hazardous oxidizer in combination with reactive fuels. Triethylaluminum has been reported as exploding violently with this solvent when a cooled mixture reached room temperature. 

Cleaning polymer reactors, engines, machinery paint removers Water flushable. Removes vinyl, polyurethane, ABS. polystyrene, and other resin deposits. Residues usj ly dissolve vwlh mild agitation. Easily recovered. Can be used to improve formulations tor paint reriKivers ba on nonflammable solvents. Has synergistic effect in cold cleaners. 

In solvent extraction crude vegetable oil and other useful materials are dissolved in a solvent to separate them from the insoluble meal. Many solvents have been evaluated for commereial extraction. Commercial hexane has been the main solvent for the oilseed processing industry since the 1940s because of its availability at reasonable eost and its suitable fiinetional characteristics for oil extraction. However, the interest in alternative solvents to hexane has continued and is motivated by one of a eombination of faetors desire for a nonflammable solvent, more efficient solvent, more energy efficient solvent, less hazardous and environmentally friendly solvent, solvent with improved produet quality, and solvents for niche/specialty markets. Today eommereial isohexane (hexane isomers) is replacing commercial hexane in a few oilseed extraction operations and other solvents (e.g., isopropanol, ethanol, acetone, etc.) are also being used for various extraction processes or have been evaluated for use as extracting solvents. ... 

Feng et al. [112] reported the nse of dimethyl methyl phosphate (DMMP) as a nonflammable solvent. The basic properties of DMMP are between those of TMP... 

Achiha, T. Nakajima, T. Ohzawa, Y. Koh, M. Yamauchi, A. Kagawa, M. Aoyama, H., Thermal stability and electrochemical properties of fluorine compounds as nonflammable solvents for lithium-ion batteries, J. Electrochem. Soc. 2010,157, A707-A712. 

The feasibility of using triethyl phosphate (66), whose flash point is extronely high, as a nonflammable solvent was discovered by Mitsui Chemicals and Sony Corporation in 1994 [95]. Details are presented later in the section concerning safety. 

Following the increase in battery capacity, the safety of LIBs is becoming an increasingly important topic. Compounds for safety improvement presented in this section are grouped into (1) additives for overcharge prevention [3, 111-138], (2) nonflammable solvents and additives [139-141], and (3) others [142-146]. 

With regard to nonflammable solvents, we focus on organic phosphates, phospha-zenes, and other additives for safety improvement. 

ClCH=CCl2. Until recently, a nonflammable solvent widely used for degreasing. It is a suspected cancer agent, mutagen, and stratospheric-ozone destroyer. 

Vapor degreasing n. A process of removing grease from parts and equipment components by suspending them with a closed chamber over a pool of boihng, nonflammable solvent such as a mixture of chlorofluorinated hydrocarbons. 

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