Non-combustibility

BS 476, part 4 requires a test specimen to be inserted into the furnace at a furnace temperature of 750°C. 

The material is deemed non-combustible if during the test none of the specimens cause the temperature reading, from either of two adjacent thermocouples, to rise by more than 50°C nor if any specimen is observed to flame continuously for 10 seconds or more inside the furnace. 

Experience has shown that materials meeting this requirement will not contribute significantly to a fire. 

This test is intended for materials used in the construction and finishing of buildings or structures. It is also specified where fire resistant elements are used to limit flame penetration such as in bulkheads and partitions in ships. 

This is a very tough test for any reinforced plastic because of the exposure to high intensity heat well above the melting point and ignition point of the resin. It is notionally impossible for materials with greater than 2% organic content to survive this test in its present form. 

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Component Moisture Volatile matter Fixed carbon Non- combustible As collected Dry Moisture-and ash-free... 

In addition to supplying transportation fuels and chemicals, products from coal liquefaction and extraction have been used m the past as pitches for binders and feedstocks for cokes [12]. Indeed, the majority of organic chemicals and carbonaceous materials prior to World War II were based on coal technologies. Unfortunately, this technology was supplanted when inexpensive petroleum became available dunng the 1940s. Nevertheless, despite a steady decline of coal use for non-combustion purposes over the past several decades, coal tars still remain an important commodity in North America. 

Stores should be specially designed, constructed of non-combustible material, and located away from other hazards (e.g. brick coal bunkers are suitable for small samples, but purpose-built constructions with explosion-proof lights etc. are required for larger quantities). They should be designated No Smoking areas and be well labelled. 

Indoors Cool, well-ventilated area Non-combustible construction Segregated from other flammables/reactants ... 

Therefore, merely reducing coal use will not he sufficient to satisfy the Protocol. Any plan to comply with the Protocol needs to assume substitution, first by non-combustion energy sources—that is by renewables or nuclear energy—and second by natural gas. This would have to be accompanied by achievement of far greater efficiencies in energy production (for example by introduction of far more fuel-efficient steam gas turbines, driven by natural gas) and by more efficient use of energy. 

Insulation values based on conductance of 4 BTU/hr-ft -°F/in. and insulation must be capable of withstanding fire hose streams without dislodging, and must be non-combustible. fWaier spray is not considered reliable, so no reduction is allowed. 

Fire properties of insulation materials range from the highest to the lowest, from non-combustible to flammable with toxic fume emission. Generally, inorganic materials tend to be non-combustible while organic (or oil-based) materials are combustible, but many have surface treatments to improve their fire-safety rating. 

Fire safety Basic wool is non-combustible to BS 476 Part 4. 

It is common practice to support the fan on anti-vibration mountings and connect the fan casing to the duct by short lengths of flexible non-combustible material. Care should be taken during installation to see that these are aligned to prevent entry turbulence and noise generation. 

Filters should meet at least the requirements of (in the UK) BS 2963 and in some cases be non-combustible to BS 476 Part 4, although constmction methods render this difficult. 

Lagging sound, non-combustible, no loose material in airstream ... 

To prevent interchange of fittings between cylinders of combustible and non-combustible gases, the valve outlets are screwed left-hand thread and right-hand, respectively (Table... 

To prevent interchange of fittings between cylinders of combustible and non-combustible gases, the valve outlets are screwed left-hand and right-hand thread, respectively (Table 9.2). Primary identification is by means of labelling with the name and chemical formula on the shoulder of the cylinder. Secondary identification is by use of ground colours on the cylinder body. Unless specified in Table 9.2, gas and gas mixtures shall be identified by a colour classification indicating gas properties in accordance with the risk diamond on the cylinder label e.g. 

Catalytic hydrogenations are generally highly selective with almost quantitative yield (Rylander, 1979 Augustine, 1976). As the metals are recovered from spent catalysts, essentially no non-combustible waste is generated. 

So far, only the non-combustibility (ISO 1182) and the ignitability (ISO 5657) tests are available as international standards. For the other parameters, the test methods are still at a development stage. A solution to the 1992 objective is not yet possible, even if the necessary tests can be finalised prior to that date, because many practical difficulties still remain to be solved. 

Highest Level of Performance. For the highest level of performance, i.e. for non combustible materials, two test methods are proposed irrespective of the end use ... 

Toxicity. There is only one Member State (Germany) having a test which is used to assess toxic hazards of combustion gases. The test is used mainly to evaluate non-combustible materials and is based on bio-assay techniques. The philosophies of other countries consider non-combustible materials as presenting no, or negligible toxic hazard. 

The UK National Bedding Federation introduced a voluntary code which required its members only to manufacture mattresses which resisted a smouldering cigarette on its own and when covered by an insulating, non-combustible fibre pad (17). This test is now defined within BS 6807(8) while BS 7175(18) refers to bedding and pillows. 

Upholstered furniture Platform composite Mattresses BS 5852/1 BS 9852/1 BS 6807 Cigarette Cigarette Cigarette (0) and Cigarette with non-combustible insulation (O/NS) D... 

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