Phosphate nitrate

Exceptions to the use of the root name of the central atom are antimonate, bismuthate, carbonate, cobaltate, nickelate (or niccolate), nitrate, phosphate, tungstate (or wolframate), and zincate. 

Calcium. Calcium is the fifth most abundant element in the earth s cmst. There is no foreseeable lack of this resource as it is virtually unlimited. Primary sources of calcium are lime materials and gypsum, generally classified as soil amendments (see Calcium compounds). Among the more important calcium amendments are blast furnace slag, calcitic limestone, gypsum, hydrated lime, and precipitated lime. Fertilizers that carry calcium are calcium cyanamide, calcium nitrate, phosphate rock, and superphosphates. In addition, there are several organic carriers of calcium. Calcium is widely distributed in nature as calcium carbonate, chalk, marble, gypsum, fluorspar, phosphate rock, and other rocks and minerals. 

Manufacture of pure products, such as sulfuric acid, nitric acid, nitrates, phosphates, adipic acid, and so on... 

Over 20% of the world s open ocean surface waters are replete in light and major nutrients (nitrate, phosphate, and silicate), yet chlorophyll and productivity values remain low. These so-called "high-nitrate low-chlorophyll" or HNLC regimes (Chisholm and Morel, 1991) include the sub-arctic North Pacific (Martin and Fitzwater, 1988 Martin et al, 1989 Miller et al, 1991), the equatorial Pacific (Murray et al, 1994 Fitzwater et al, 1996) and the southern Ocean (Martin et al.,... 

Total dissolved solids Carbonate Chloride Nitrate Phosphate Sulphate ... 

Micellaneous Vitamins, plant growth regulators (auxin.s, cytokinins, gib-berellins), alkyl sulfides, ethanol, H. K nitrate, phosphate, HCO,... 

Simultaneous determination of both cations and anions in acid rain has been achieved using a portable conductimetric ion-exclusion cation-exchange chromatographic analyzer.14 This system utilized the poly(meth-ylmethacrylate)-based weak acid cation exchange resin TSK-Gel OA-PAK-A, (Tosoh , Tokyo, Japan) with an eluent of tartaric acid-methanol-water. All of the desired species, 3 anions and 5 cations, were separated in less than 30 minutes detection limits were on the order of 10 ppb. Simultaneous determination of nitrate, phosphate, and ammonium ions in wastewater has been reported utilizing isocratic IEC followed by sequential flow injection analysis.9 The ammonium cations were detected by colorimetry, while the anions were measured by conductivity. These determinations could be done with a single injection and the run time was under 9 minutes. 

Chromate conversion coatings for aluminum are carried out in acidic solutions. These solutions usually contain one chromium salt, such as sodium chromate or chromic acid and a strong oxidizing agent such as hydrofluoric acid or nitric acid. The final film usually contains both products and reactants and water of hydration. Chromate films are formed by the chemical reaction of hexavalent chromium with a metal surface in the presence of accelerators such as cyanides, acetates, formates, sulfates, chlorides, fluorides, nitrates, phosphates, and sulfamates. 

Herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, nitrates, phosphates, potassium, BOD, nutrients, heavy metals, inorganic salts, pathogens, surfactants organic solvents used in cleaning... 

Interaction with fused ammonium nitrate or with metal nitrates, phosphates or sulfates may be explosively violent [1]. Lithium and sodium carbonates may also react vigorously [2], The mixture with magnesium sulfate has been described as a noisy but low power bursting charge for pyrotechny [3],... 

Fig. 1. Arsenate sorption (mmol kg 1) on Alfisol (A) and on Oxisol (B) in the presence of sodium nitrate or sodium nitrate + phosphate (PO4). Redrawn from Smith et al. (2002).

Determinations of the so-called micronutrients , (e.g., nitrate, phosphate, and dissolved silica), in seawater are among the most commonly performed analyses in oceanographic research and survey work. Surprisingly, there exists no certified reference material that can be used to check the accuracy of such analyses, although intercomparison exercises have been conducted on a regular basis [243 ]. The lack of seawater certified reference material for micronutrients can be attributed both to the difficulty of preparing a suitable material with an adequate shelf life [244,245] and to the dearth of independent methods available for the determinations. 

The National Research Council of Canada has undertaken a project, in collaboration with Bedford Institute of Oceanography of the Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans, to address the need for a seawater certified reference material for micronutrients with the initial objective being the preparation of a material with certified values for nitrate, phosphate, and dissolved silica. 

Macronutrients Elements or compounds (like nitrate, phosphate, and silicate) that are necessary to sustaiin life and that are typically present in larger amounts than the micronutrients. 

Sampling sites are also referred to as station locations. For water column work, depth profiles are constructed from seawater samples collected at representative depths. Temperature and salinity are measured in situ with sensors. Remote-closing sampling bottles deployed from a hydrowire are used to collect water for later chemical analysis, either on the ship or in a land-based laboratory. The standard chemical measurements made on the water samples include nutrients (nitrate, phosphate, and silicate), dissolved O2, and total dissolved inorganic carbon (TDIC) concentrations. 

Correlation plots for the North Pacific Ocean concentration data from Figure 11.14 (a) zinc versus nitrate, phosphate, and silica, (b) cadmium versus nitrate, phosphate, and silica, (c) copper versus nitrate, phosphate, and silica, and (d) nickel versus nitrate, phosphate, and silica. 

The microbially mediated transformation of inorganic contaminants encompasses a broad spectrum of compounds. Here, we survey only a few contaminants that have a major impact on the subsurface, such as nitrates, phosphates, and toxic metals. In the subsurface, the microbial population distribution generally decreases with depth, and the moisture content and aerobic-anaerobic states fluctuate with time, affected by climatic conditions, depth of groundwater, and human intervention. 

The vendor claims that the following metals have been successfully treated to parts per biUion (ppb) and detection limit levels aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, selenium, silver, tin, uranium, vanadium, and zinc. The system is also able to remove ammonia, nitrates, phosphates, potassium, fluorides, and sodium. Studies have also been performed using Aqua-Fix to remove radionuchdes such as uranium from waste streams. 

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