Ammonia removal

Stripping Ultrafiltration, see Dialysis, Reverse osmosis Ammonia removal, solvent removal... 

In the adsorption step, the hydrocarbon feed is vaporized in a furnace and is passed upward through the sieves which have been previously desorbed by ammonia. The n-paraffins in the feed are adsorbed by the sieve and displace the ammonia. The amount of ammonia removed depends largely on the molecular... 

Data of Waste Stream for the Ammonia Removal Example... 

Case Study CHARMHIV Synthesis fw Ammonia Removal from a Gaseous Emission... 

Figure 9.16 The composition interval diagram for ammonia removal case study.

Case study CHARMEN synthesis for ammonia removal... 

F pirc 9.17 The temperature interval diagram for the ammonia removal case study. 

Figure 9.18 Schematic representations of solution to the ammonia removal case study (a) with internal coaling, (b) with external cooling.

Scrubbing the loaded organic phase with water or ammonia removes HC1, transferring the copper to the pH-swing extractant, e.g., as in,... 

A basic buffer consists of a solution of a weak base and one of its salts, such as a solution of ammonia and ammonium chloride. The weak base, ammonia, removes any added hydrogen ions. The conjugate acid, the ammonium ions from the ammonium chloride salt, replaces any hydrogen ions removed when the alkali was added. 

Figure 13 Chevron WWT process. Acid is used in first stage to enhance hydrogen sulfide removal. Caustic is used in second stage to enhance ammonia removal. (From Ref. 20.)...

The second-stage (ammonia removal) effluent contained unacceptable levels of F and P and had to be subjected to third-stage lime treatment. This raises the pH from 8.5 to 11.4 and produces an effluent with concentrations of F and P equal to 25 and 2 mg/L, respectively. The hydraulic design parameters were a 15 min reaction time and a 265 gpd/ft (10.8 m /m /day) clarifier overflow rate. The resulting precipitated solids underflow concentration was 0.6% by wt. In all three stages, an anionic polymer was used to aid coagulation, solids settling, and effluent clarification. 

Arnold, D.W. Wolfram, W.E. Ammonia removal and recovery from fertilizer complex wastewaters. In Proceedings of 30th Industrial Waste Conference, Purdue University, Lafayette, IN, 1975 Vol. 30, 760-767. 

Aqueous ammonia removes surface oxides from the CI(G)S, in particular, indium (possibly due to the tendency of the CIS surface to be enriched in hi-O). In this respect, it can be considered as an etchant, although the etching is limited to the near surface region and does not continue (although in one case, it was found that, if oxygen is present, etching can continue, presumably due to continual oxidation of the freshly exposed surface [13]). 

Ammonia is generated by the reaction of diphenylguanidine and magnesium oxide with ammonium perchlorate. The cure rate of polysulfide propellant formulations can be a function, of the amount of ammonia removed during the mix cycle. Frequently, a vacuum is placed on uncured propellant to remove entrapped air. Too long a vacuum mix cycle, with polysulfide propellants, can remove excess ammonia changing the reaction condition during cure. 

Although there are some applications in gas emissions reduction, for example, hydrogen sulfide and ammonia removal by utilizing carboxylic acid resins and ammonium anion-exchange resins, ion exchange is mainly used in wastewater treatment. Some characteristic environmental applications are the following (Noble and Terry, 2004) ... 

A further small quantity of impure glycine can be isolated by concentrating the filtrates obtained on recrystallization. The liquors from the first precipitation, containing ammonium bromide, pyridine hydrobromide, excess pyridine, and alcohol-soluble by-products, may be treated as follows The mixture is first acidified with mineral acid and the methyl alcohol recovered by distillation with a column. The residue is rendered strongly alkaline and the bulk of the ammonia removed by boiling under a reflux condenser wet pyridine can be recovered by downward distillation and treatment of the distillate with solid sodium hydroxide. 

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