Neutrophils interactions

Kaneider, N.C., Mosheimer, B., Reinisch, N., Patsch, J.R., and Wiedermann, C.J., Inhibition of thrombin-induced signaling by resveratrol and quercetin effects on adenosine nucleotide metabolism in endothelial cells and platelet-neutrophil interactions, Thromb. Res., 114, 185, 2004. 

In conclusion, this section has highlighted the potential pathogenic contribution of blood neutrophils to the CNS injury that accompanies the ischaemia-reperfusion injury of stroke. From experimental models of this disorder, it appears that the second wave of tissue damage is induced either by neutrophil-mediated vasoocclusion or by the infiltration of neutrophils into the ischaemic tissue with concomitant release of lytic factors. Antagonising both neutrophil attachment to endothelium and the transendothelial migration of these cells at the level of the blood-brain barrier is likely to be of clinical benefit to cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Consequently, it is anticipated that a further unravelling of the mechanisms that promote neutrophil interaction with cerebral vessel walls will lead to the introduction of a more specific therapeutic intervention for the treatment of stroke. 

Deng X, Stachlewitz RE, Liguori MJ, Blomme EA, Waring IF, Luyendyk JP, Maddox JF, Ganey PE, Roth RA (2006) Modest inflammation enhances diclofenac hepatotoxicity in rats role of neutrophils and bacterial translocation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 319 1191-1199 Deng X, Luyendyk JP, Zou W, Lu J, Malle E, Ganey PE, Roth RA (2007) Neutrophil interaction with the hemostatic system contributes to liver injury in rats cotreated with lipopolysaccharide and ranitidine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 322 852-861... 

Claria J, Lee MH, Serhan CN Aspirin-triggered lipoxins (15-epi-LX) are generated by the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line (A549)-neutrophil interactions and are potent inhibitors of cell proliferation. Mol Med 1996 2 583-596. 

Based on their study of neutral granulocyte—neutrophil interaction with DLC (obtained by IBAD technique) coated PMMA lOLs, Li et al. (1999) reported that DLC-coated PMMA lOLs exhibit lower neutrophil adhesion compared with uncoated PMMA lOLs. 

Fantozzi, R., Brunelleschi, S., Giuliattini, L., Blandina, P., Masini, E., Cavallo, G., and Mannaioni, P. F., 1985, Mast cell and neutrophil interactions A role for superoxide anion and histamine, Agents Actions 16 260-264. 

Walcheck, B., K. L. Moore, R. P. McEver, and T. K. Kishimoto. 1996. Neutrophil-neutrophil interactions under hydrodynamic shear stress involve L-selectin and PSGL-1 a mechanism that amplifies initial leukocyte accumulation on P-selectin in vitro. J. Clin. Invest. 98 1081-1087. 

COPD is a chronic inflammatory disease that results from prolonged and repeated inhalation of particles and gases, chronic (or latent) infection or an interaction of these factors. In many cases, the inflammation persists even when the exposure (in most cases smoking) is stopped. Prominent among the infiltrating leukocytes are neutrophils, CD8+ lymphocytes (Co-receptor for the T-cell receptor. CD8+ is specific for the class IMHC protein. It is expressed on the surface of cytotoxic T-cells and natural killer cells.) and CD68+ monocytic cells (A lysosomal antigen. All cells that rich in... 

The neutrophil is a primary cell type which interacts with and is influenced by the environment. Neutrophils are important in host defense and play a role in the phagocytosis of particulate material. We obtain these cells in highly purified form from human blood (1,2). 

Figure 1. Simplified schematic of receptor-mediated signal transduction in neutrophils. Binding of ligand to the receptor activates a guanine-nucleotide-binding protein (G protein), which then stimulates phospholipase C. Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bis-phosphate is cleaved to produce diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). DAG stimulates protein kinase C. IP3 causes the release of Ca from intracellular stores, which results in an increase in the cytosolic Ca concentration. This increase in Ca may stimulate protein kinase C, calmodulin-dependent protein kinases, and phospholipase A2. Protein phosphorylation events are thought to be important in stimulating degranulation and oxidant production. In addition, ionic fluxes occur across the plasma membrane. It is possible that phospholipase A2 and ionic channels may be governed by G protein interactions. ...

Studies on the neutrophil also benefit from the fact that considerable work has already gone into defining fluorescent ligands (formyl peptide agonists and antagonists and C5a) and real-time methodology for analyzing the dynamics of LRG interactions (3). 

The process of activation of neutrophils is essentially similar. They are activated, via specific receptors, by interaction with bacteria, binding of chemotactic factors, or antibody-antigen complexes. The resultant rise in intracellular Ca affects many processes in neutrophils, such as assembly of micrombules and the actin-myosin system. These processes are respectively involved in secretion of contents of granules and in motility, which enables neutrophils to seek out the invaders. The activated neutrophils are now ready to destroy the invaders by mechanisms that include production of active derivatives of oxygen. 

Neutrophils play a major role in the body s defense mechanisms. Integrins on their surface membranes determine specific interactions with various cell and tissue components. 

Rimele, T.J., Sturm, R.J., Adams, L.M., Henry, D.E., Heaslip, R.J., Weichman, B.M. and Grimes D. (1988). Interaction of neutrophils with vascular smooth muscle identification of a neutrophil-derived relaxing fiictor. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therapeutics 245, 102-111. 

---