Neuroectoderm

Bossing T, Udolph G, Doe CQ, Technau G 1996 The embryonic central nervous system lineages of Drosophila melanogaster. I. Neuroblast lineages derived from the ventral half of the neuroectoderm. Dev Biol 179 41-64... 

Type VI nestin Neuroectodermal precursors in developing brain... 

Corti, S., Locatelli, F., Donadoni, C. et al. Neuroectodermal and microglial differentiation of bone marrow cells in the mouse spinal cord and sensory ganglia. /. Neurosci. Res. 70 721-733,2003. 

The five intermediate filaments and their respective tissues are listed in Table 3. Only the intermediate filament, cytokeratin, is selected as useful in the initial classification of tumors. The other intermediate filaments can cause diagnostic confusion because (1) they are usually not expressed in their poorly differentiated counterparts (especially GFAP, NFP, and Desmin) and (2) they are often coexpressed on many types of tumors. Poorly differentiated neuroectodermal tumors may often express more than two intermediate filaments. Vimentin demonstrates the most lineage infidelity. 

Ambros, I. M., Ambron, P. F., and Strehl, S. (1991) M1C2 is a specific marker for Ewing s sarcoma and peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors. Cancer 67, 1886-1893. 

Stevenson, A. J., Chatten, J., Bertoni, F., and Miettinen, M. (1994) CD99 (P30/32M1C2) neuroectodermal/Ewing s sarcoma antigen as an immunohis-tochemical marker. Review of more than 699 tumors and the literature experience. Appl. Immunohistochem. 2, 231-240. 

Acampora, D., Mazan, S., Lallemand, Y, Avantaggiato, V., Maury, M., Simeone, A., and Brulet, P. (1995) Forebrain and midbrain regions are deleted in Otx2 mutants due to a defective anterior neuroectoderm specification during gastrulation. Development 121 3279-3290. 

The second category includes mesenchymal cells, such as fibroblasts (BALB/c 3T3, Swiss 3T3), adipocytes, endothelial cells, smooth thin muscle cells, and neuroectodermic cells (such as glia cells). Most of these cells need maintenance factors. Some cells, such as the NIH-3T3, can grow in a serum-free medium containing minimal medium supplemented with transferrin (25 pg/ml), insulin (10 pg/ml), EGF (100 ng/ml), bFGF (100 ng/ml), and PDGF (0.5 U/ml). 

Skin is the tissue that interfaces with a hostile environment, and that must interpret and respond to signals from the outside world. The brain, derived from neuroectoderm, is actually a glorification of skin, performing the same basic functions as that of skin. The mechanisms that underlie the resilience of skin to the outside world, and the extraordinary ability of the skin to also protect the underlying tissues are just beginning to be understood. 

The neural crest cells as they pinch off from the neuroectoderm, migrate through the embryonic body in a sea of HA.46 When these cells reach their particular destination, hyaluronidases remove the HA, and cell migration then ceases. In embryology, as parenchymal glands develop, HA can... 

Brain tumours have occurred in children who had received therapeutic doses of ionizing radiation to the head, especially for the treatment of tinea capitis (Ron et al., 1988b) or lymphoid neoplasms (Brustle et al., 1992). Iatrogenic tumours are, however, a very small fraction of all paediatric brain tumours. Except for certain genetic factors, causes of the most common brain tumours of childhood, including primitive neuroectodermal tumours and astrocytomas, remain unknown (Rice, 2004). 

Brustle O, Ohgaki H, Schmitt HP, Walter GF, Ostertag H, Kleihues P (1992) Primitive neuroectodermal tumors after prophylactic central nervous system irradiation in children. Association with an activated K-ras gene. Cancer, 69 2385-2392. 

Fibroblasts, along with cells from adipose tissue, cardiac and skeletal muscle and the vascular endothelium, are derived from the mesenchyme while epithelial cells are obtained from the cervix, kidney tubes, bronchii, trachea etc. Neurones and glial cells are of neuroectodermal origin and blood cells arise from the haemopoietic system. 

D. Gospodarowicz, G. Neufeld, and L. Schweigerer. Molecular and biological characterization of fibroblast growth factor, an angiogenic factor which also controls the proliferation and diffetentiation of mesoderm and neuroectoderm derived cells. Cell Differ, 19 (1), 1-17, 1986. 

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