Neural crest cells

Ziegler, L, The pteridine pathway in zebrafish regulation and specification during the determination of neural crest cell-fate, Pigment. Cell Res., 16, 172, 2003. 

The majority of analyses on neural crest cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation have been carried out in avian and amphibian embryos because of the relative ease of experimental manipulation (see Le Douarin, 1982). These experiments demonstrated that pigment cells arise from the neural crest. When pieces of neural folds were grafted to the... 

Huszar, D Sharpe, A., and Jaenisch, R. (1991a). Migration and proliferation of cultured neural crest cells in W mutant neural crest chimeras. Development 112 131-141. 

Jaenisch, R. (1985). Mammalian neural crest cells participate in normal embryonic development on microinjection into postimplantation embryos. Nature 318 181— 183. 

Serbedzija, G. N., Fraser, S. E., and Bronner-Fraser, M. (1990). Pathways of trunk neural crest cell migration in the mouse embryo as revealed by vital dye labelling. Development 108 605-612. 

Monier-Gavell, F. and Duban, J.-L. Cross talk between adhesion molecules control of N-cadherin activity by intracellular signals elicited by 01 and 03 integrins in migrating neural crest cells./. Cell Biol. 137 1663-1681,1997. 

Environmental factors control lineage decisions of neural crest cells 449... 

Environmental factors control lineage decisions of neural crest cells. Several experimental approaches have shown that environmental factors are critical in determining neurotransmitter phenotype by altering existing cell properties and not by selecting different hypothetical subpopulations of NC cells. For example, during normal... 

Uncommitted Migration Committed Terminally-differentiated Neural Crest Cell Determination Progenitors Derivatives... 

Anderson, D. J. Cellular and molecular biology of neural crest cell lineage determination. Trends Genet. 13 276-280, 1997. 

Shah, N. M., Groves, A. K. and Anderson, D. J. Alternative neural crest cell fates are instructively promoted by TGFfi superfamily members. Cell 85 331-343,1996. 

P3. Poelmann, R. E., Mikawa, T, and Gittenberger-De Groot, A. C., Neural crest cells in outflow tract septation of the embryonic chicken heart Differentiation and apoptosis. Dev. Dyn. 212, 373-384 (1998). 

Tissue culture has been used to a limited extent for developmental toxicity studies of the studies that have used tissue culture systems, those using chick neural crest cells (Greenberg, 1982) and human embryonic palatal mesenchyme (Pratt et al., 1980, 1982) have been especially useful. In addition, the micromass teratogen test, first described by Flint Orton (1984), has been used as a screening tool, and this test has been used successfully for many years. This method uses cultures of limb and CNS cells. Rat cells are normally used, but mouse and chick cells have also been studied. Many different endpoints can be assessed. For a detailed description of the method, the validation studies and discussion of its predictive value, see Flint... 

Greenberg JH (1982) Detection of teratogens by differentiating embryonic neural crest cells in culture evaluation as a screening system. Teratog Carclnog Mutagen, 2 319-323. 

Tucker, R.P. (2001). Abnormal neural crest cell migration after the in vivo knockdown of tenascin-C expression with morpholono antisense oligonucleotides. Dev. Dyn., 222, 115-119. 

PK1 has recently been detected in the mucosa/mesenchyme of mouse embryonic gut. It modulates both proliferation and differentiation of enteric neural crest cells (NCC) during enteric nervous system development, which eventually contribute to the formation of the myenteric and submucosal enteric plexus of the bowel. Hence, PK1 may be useful to patients exhibiting congenital colonic aganglionosis also known as Hirschprung disease (Ngan et al., 2007, 2008). 

Ngan, E. S., Shum, C. K., Poon, H. C., Sham, M. H., Garcia-Barcelo, M. M., Lui, V. C., and Tam, P. K. (2008). Prokinetidn-1 (ProK-1) works coordinately with glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) to mediate proliferation and differentiation of enteric neural crest cell. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. Mol. Cell Res. 1783, 467-478. 

The neural crest cells as they pinch off from the neuroectoderm, migrate through the embryonic body in a sea of HA.46 When these cells reach their particular destination, hyaluronidases remove the HA, and cell migration then ceases. In embryology, as parenchymal glands develop, HA can... 

Pratt, R.M., Larsen, M.A., and Johnston, M.C., Migration of cranial neural crest cells in a cell-free hyaluronate-rich matrix, Dev. Biol., 44, 298, 1975. 

The phenotype of homozygous double-null mutant RAR mice demonstrates the crucial role of RARs in the development of the mesenchyme. These mice have malformations of the mesenchymal neural crest and a dramatically reduced viability and life expectancy. Since the appearance of neural crest cells (NCCs) coincided with the emergence of vertebrates, it was reasoned that RARs may have co-evolved with NCCs and that RARs and vertebrates have appeared together. Along this line, a major role is ascribed to RARs in the modification of old ancestral developmental programmes. Such modifications are crucial for the development of new structures in the course of evolution and are indispensable for the appearance of vertebrates. 

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