Embryonic body

Zhang E, Li X, Zhang S et al (2005) Cell cycle synchronization of embryonic stem cells effect of serum deprivation on the differentiation of embryonic bodies in vitro. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 333 1171-1177... 

The neural crest cells as they pinch off from the neuroectoderm, migrate through the embryonic body in a sea of HA.46 When these cells reach their particular destination, hyaluronidases remove the HA, and cell migration then ceases. In embryology, as parenchymal glands develop, HA can... 

Differentiation. Pluripotency is one of the defining features of ES cells. The most definitive test of pluripotency of the cells is the formation of chimeras in mice in which the mES cells are injected into the blastocyst. The approach cannot be applied to assess pluripotency of hES cells, therefore, and teratoma formation after injection of embryonic bodies (EBs) of hES cells in vitro into immunocompromised mice is currently used to validate the pluripotency of the established hES cell lines in culture. In the case of mES cells, once differentiation of ES cells has started, the cells representing the primary germ layers spontaneously develop in vitro in the absence of LIF. The culture conditions to form EBs include hanging drops [30], suspension mass culture [31], or the use of methylcellulose [32]. Initially, an outer layer of endoderm-like cells forms within ESs, followed by the development of an ectodermal layer and subsequent specification of mesodermal cells over a period of a few days [33]. The generation of specific functional cell types from hES cells has been demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. In fact, with the rapid interest in... 

Embryonic body formation and/or in vitro specific differentiation by growth factors and culture conditions... 

While the discussion in this article has focused on the chemical microenvirOTunent and local mechanical shear stress, temperature can also have a profound effect on the dynamics of embryonic development. Multiple research groups have explored the idea of using microfluidics to transport a growing embryonic body from one temperature environment to another as a simulation of in vivo conditions. 

Col, collagen EB, embryonic body FN, fibronectin LN, laminin VN, vitronectin PDL, poly-D-lysine... 

Differentiation ability Embryonic body formation in vitro (EB) Teratoma formation in vivo... 

Muscle tissue is unique in its ability to shorten or contract. The human body has three basic types of muscle tissue histologically classified into smooth, striated, and cardiac muscle tissues. Only the striated muscle tissue is found in all skeletal muscles. The type of cells which compose the muscle tissue are known as contractile cells. They originate from mesenchymal cells which differentiate into myoblasts. Myoblasts are embryonic cells which later differentiate into contractile fiber cells. 

Iron appeared to reduce the effects of orally or subcutaneously administered lead on blood enzyme and liver catalase activity (Bota et al. 1982). Treatment of pregnant hamsters with iron- or calcium-deficient diets in conjunction with orally administered lead resulted in embryonic or fetal mortality and abnormalities (ranting, edema) in the litters, while treatment with complete diets and lead did not (Carpenter 1982). Inadequate levels of iron in association with increased body burdens of lead enhanced biochemical changes associated with lead intoxication (Waxman and Rabinowitz 1966). Ferrous iron was reported to protect against the inhibition of hemoglobin synthesis and cell metabolism by lead it has been speculated that iron competes with lead uptake by the cell (Waxman and Rabinowitz 1966). In... 

Finally, the preganglionic neuron may travel to the adrenal medulla and synapse directly with this glandular tissue. The cells of the adrenal medulla have the same embryonic origin as neural tissue and, in fact, function as modified postganglionic neurons. Instead of the release of neurotransmitter directly at the synapse with an effector tissue, the secretory products of the adrenal medulla are picked up by the blood and travel throughout the body to all of the effector tissues of the sympathetic system. 

As its name implies, the neurohypophysis is derived embryonically from nervous tissue. It is essentially an outgrowth of the hypothalamus and is composed of bundles of axons, or neural tracts, of neurosecretory cells originating in two hypothalamic nuclei. These neurons are referred to as neurosecretory cells because they generate action potentials as well as synthesize hormones. The cell bodies of the neurosecretory cells in the supraoptic nuclei produce primarily antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and the cell bodies of the paraventricular nuclei produce primarily oxytocin. These hormones are then transported down the axons to the neurohypophysis and stored in membrane-bound vesicles in the neuron terminals. Much like neurotransmitters, the hormones are released in response to the arrival of action potentials at the neuron terminal. 

The major rapeseed storage proteins are a 12S type globulin, called cruciferin, which makes up 60% of the total protein, and a 2S type albumin, called napin, which makes up 20% of the total protein [9, 10]. Both of these proteins are formed in embryonic cells and stored in specialized vacuoles known as protein bodies. 

Human embryonic stem cells / Culture as floating aggregratesN. (embryoid bodies), forming / neuroepithelial cells s Culture to form midbrain dopamine neurons ... 

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