Nervous system tumors

Podoplanin +, GFAP +, SlOO +, Vimentin —/+, Synaptophysin —/+, CD99 —/+, 

CD34 —/+, CK7 —/+, GFAP —, Synaptophysin —, Chromogranin, NF, CD56, CK5/6 CK20 

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Sander and Burkle (31) were the first to induce tumors by feeding nitrite and amines or amides. The tumors were attributed to in vivo formation of the N-nitroso compounds, probably in the stomach. When pregnant rats were gavaged with ethylurea and nitrite, hydrocephalus and nervous system tumors were induced in the offspring. Both these effects were prevented when sodium ascorbate was gavaged together with the ethylurea (21, 32). 

Patients with seizure disorders should not take bupropion. Similarly, an alternative treatment should be considered in the case of patients with a history of significant head trauma, a central nervous system tumor, or an active eating disorder. 

Later studies involving low-frequency exposure have not clearly demonstrated a correlation between low-level fields and effects on human health. One study observed a slight increase in nervous system tumors for people living within 500 m (=1600 ft) of overhead power lines, while most recent studies in this field have not found any clear evidence to relate exposure to low-frequency fields with childhood leukemia. 

Stebbings JH, Semkiw W. 1989. Central nervous system tumors and related intracranial pathologies in radium dial workers. Br J Radiol 21 63-66. 

Rice JM (2004) Causation of nervous system tumors in children Insights from traditional and genetically engineered animal models. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 199 175-191. 

Levicar N, Dewey RA, Daley E, Bates TE, Davies D, Kos J, Pilkington GJ, Lah TT (2003) Selective suppression of cathepsin L by antisense cDNA impairs human brain tumor ceU invasion in vitro and promotes apoptosis. Cancer Gene Ther 10 141-151 Levicar N, Strojnik T, Kos J, Dewey RA, Pilkington GJ, Lah TT (2002) Lysosomal enzymes, cathepsins in brain tumour invasion. J Neurooncol 58 21-32 Li F, Ackermann EJ, Bennett CF (1999) Pleiotropic cell-division defects and apoptosis induced by interference with survivin function. Nat Cell Biol 1 461 66 Lopes MBS, VandenBerg SR, Scheithauer BW (1993) The World Health Organization classification of nervous system tumors in experimental neuro-oncology. In AJ Levine and HH Schmidek, eds Molecular Genetics of Nervous System Tumors. Wiley-Liss, New York, NY, pp 1-36... 

Fontanesi, J., Heideman, R.L., Muhlbauer, M., Mulhem, R., Sanford, R.A., Douglass, E.C., Kovnar, E., Ochs, J.J., Kuttesch, J.F., Tai, D. et al. (1995). High-activity interstitial irradiation in the treatment of pediatric central nervous system tumors a pilot study. Pediatr. Neurosurg. 22 289-97. 

Rusciano, D. and Burger, M. M. (1993). Mechanisms of metastasis. In Molecular Genetics of Nervous System Tumors Levine, A. J. and Schmidek, H. H., eds.). Wiley-Lyss, New York, pp. 357-369. 

Obesity is a condition that is influenced by genetic and environmental factors (such as energy intake and expenditure, fetal nutrition, culture). There are four major physiological causes of obesity endocrine disorders (growth hormone deficiency, Cushing syndrome), genetic syndromes (Prader-Willi syndrome or Alstrom syndrome), disorders of the central nervous system (tumor, trauma) or the most common cause, multifactorial or primary obesity (caused by an interaction of multiple genes). 

In another study children aged 0-14 years with leukemia (n — 150), lymphomas (n = 46), central nervous system tumors (n — 79), a range of other solid tumours (n = 142), and a subset of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (n = 129) were compared with 111 children matched for age and sex (30). Odds ratios showed no significant positive association for leukemias (1.30 0.83, 2.03), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (1.21 0.74, 1.97), lymphomas (1.06 0.46, 2.42), central nervous system tumors (0.74 0.40, 1.34), and other solid tumors (0.59 0.37, 0.96). There was no association with acute Ijmphoblastic leukemia in children aged 1-6 years. The authors concluded that they had not confirmed the observation of an increased risk of childhood leukemia and cancer associated with intramuscular vitamin K. 

Central nervous system trauma, for example, post-stroke Metabolic disorders such as hjrperthyroidism Infectious diseases such as encephalitis Seizure disorders Central nervous system tumor... 

Coyle, T., Levante, S., Shetler, M., and Winfield, J. (1994). In vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity of gossypol against central nervous system tumor cell lines. /. Neurooncol. 19, 25-35. 

J. C. Panetta, M. N. Kirstein, A. Gajjar, G. Nair, M. Fouladi, R. L. Heideman, M. Wilkinson, and C. F. Stewart, Population pharmacokinetics of temozolomide and metabolites in infants and children with primary central nervous system tumors. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 52 435 41 (2003). 

Trojanowski JQ, Lee VMY, Schlaepfer WW. An immunohistochemical study of central and peripheral nervous system tumors with monoclonal antibodies against neurofilaments and glial filaments. Hum Pathol. 1984 15 248-257. 

McKeever PE, Blaivas M, Nelson JS. Diagnosis of nervous system tumors by light microscopic methods. In Garcia JH, Budka H, McKeever PE, et al, eds. Neuropathology The Diagnostic Approach. Philadelphia CV Mosby 1997 193-218. 

N.M. Bleehen, J.M. Ford (1993). Radiotherapy, hyperthermia, and photodynamic therapy for central nervous system tumors. Curr. Opin. Oncol, May 5-3, 458-463. 

A Bone marrow suppression (nadir at 4-6 weeks), pulmonary toxicity. IV. Short half life, crosses blood brain barrier. Central nervous system tumors, melanoma, and lymphomas. Most toxic alkylating agent. 

Ghosh C, Lazarus HM, Hewlett JS, Creger RJ. Fluctuation of serum phenytoin concentrations during autologous bone marrow transplant for primary central nervous system tumors. JNeurooncol (W92) 12, 25-32. 

Combined Modality Therapy of Central Nervous System Tumors... 

J. Klastersky, and P. Rocmans Combined Modality Therapy of Central Nervous System Tumors... 

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