Nervous system tumors leukemia

Later studies involving low-frequency exposure have not clearly demonstrated a correlation between low-level fields and effects on human health. One study observed a slight increase in nervous system tumors for people living within 500 m (=1600 ft) of overhead power lines, while most recent studies in this field have not found any clear evidence to relate exposure to low-frequency fields with childhood leukemia. 

In another study children aged 0-14 years with leukemia (n — 150), lymphomas (n = 46), central nervous system tumors (n — 79), a range of other solid tumours (n = 142), and a subset of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (n = 129) were compared with 111 children matched for age and sex (30). Odds ratios showed no significant positive association for leukemias (1.30 0.83, 2.03), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (1.21 0.74, 1.97), lymphomas (1.06 0.46, 2.42), central nervous system tumors (0.74 0.40, 1.34), and other solid tumors (0.59 0.37, 0.96). There was no association with acute Ijmphoblastic leukemia in children aged 1-6 years. The authors concluded that they had not confirmed the observation of an increased risk of childhood leukemia and cancer associated with intramuscular vitamin K. 

High plasma levels occur in renal failure, inflammation, and neoplasms, especially those associated with B lymphocytes. BMG assay may be used to test renal tubular function, particularly in kidney transplant recipients in whom rejection of the allograft manifests as diminished tubular function (see Chapter 45). Serial assays of BMG are also useful to monitor B-celi tumors. In acute leukemia and lymphoma with central nervous system (CNS) involvement, the level of BMG is increased in CSF and in Sjogren s syndrome with... 

A distinct relation between parental occupational exposure and childhood cancer was shown for solvents and paints. High parental exposure resulted in higher incidences of childhood cancers. In the same study, however, generally more cancers were found as a result of parental use of alcohol and tobacco smoke. Childhood leukemia and nervous system cancers, in particular, are the types suspected to be caused by parental exposure to paints and solvents. Kishi et al. described an elevated risk for acute lymphatic leukemia in children of mothers with prenatal exposures to benzene and to paints. In former studies with small numbers of children these tendencies could also be shown, mainly in male painters whose children showed a higher incidence of childhood leukemia and brain tumors. 18.3.4.2.4 Respiratory effects... 

The effects of the molecular structure of phosphonium- and ammonium-based ILs and ILBSs side chain counterion BF , PF ,Tf2N") on the antitumor activity and cytotoxicity were evaluated in vitro for the first time for the NCI-60 human tumor cell lines. All surface-active compounds (see Rg. 4.12) were found to be active against leukemia, melanoma, lung, colon, kidney, ovary, breast, prostate, and central nervous system cancer cells the tetra(l-butyl)ammonium TfjN" was not [87]. 

---