Condensate, natural gas

Natural Gas Condensate in 16 Pipeline o Natural Gas,Oil and Water in 2 Oil Well Tubing o Air and Water in 1 Ver tical Tubing e Air and Lube Oil in 2 Inclined Tubing ... 

Natural Gas Condensate In 16" Pipeline o Natural Gas.OM aryl Water in 2 Oil Well Tubing ... 

The aromatic fractions of natural gas condensate reacted with a-olefins to give alkylarenes which were converted to sodium sulfonates or to ethanolamine sulfonates. The naphthene-paraffin fractions of the gas condensate reacted with PC13 and 02 to give RPOCl2, which reacted with triethanolamine to give N-a-... 

The production of motor gasoline was further increased by blending a natural gas condensates (not shown in Figure 18.2), which were recovered from the natural gas feed, with the synthetic motor gasoline.20... 

After bauxite treatment the product was fractionated to produce C3-C4 and naphtha (C5-204°C) fractions. The C3-C4 olefin-rich gas was oligomerized over a solid phosphoric acid (SPA) catalyst to produce an unhydrogenated polymer gasoline with a research octane number (RON) of 95 and MON of 82.21 The bauxite-treated FT motor gasoline (RON of 87, MON of 76) was mixed with the polymer gasoline and some natural gas condensates (and crude-oil-derived naphtha) to produce the final motor gasoline product. In this respect it is noteworthy that the Fe-HTFT-derived material was the high-octane-blend stock. 

Do not attempt to compare fluid types as defined here with the reservoir descriptions as defined by the state regulatory agencies which have jurisdiction over the petroleum industry. The legal and regulatory definitions of oil, crude oil, gas, natural gas, condensate, etc., usually do not bear any relationship to the engineering definitions given here. In fact, the regulatory definitions are often contradictory. 

Hydrocarbons Organic compounds of hydrogen and carbon. Mixtures including various hydrocarbons include crude oil, natural gas, natural gas condensate and methane. 

Four model compounds, n-undecane, tetralin, cis/trans decalin and mesitylene, and a natural gas condensate from the North Sea were also cracked. Analyses and the reference code key of the coal-based feedstocks and the gas condensate are given in Table 1. Paraffin, naphthene, and aromatic-type analyses were calculated from gas chromatographic analyses of the partially hydrogenated anthracene oil and gas condensate whereas, mass spectrometric analysis was performed on the two coal extract hydrogenates and their further hydrogenated products. 

Natural Gas Condensate - To compare the yields from coal-derived materials with those from a petroleum material, a full range, North Seal gas condensate (F) was cracked at 1158°K for 0.4 s. Its analysis is given in Table 1, and the yields obtained are listed in Table 2. More ethylene (30%) but less BTX (16%) were produced than from the highly hydrogenated coal materials ... 

Application Upgrade natural gas condensate and other contaminated streams to higher-value ethylene plant feedstocks. Mercury, arsenic and lead contamination in potential ethylene plant feedstocks precludes their use, despite attractive yield patterns. The contaminants poison catalysts, cause corrosion in equipment and have undesirable environmental implications. For example, mercury compounds poison hydrotreating catalysts and, if present in the steam-cracker feed, are distributed in the C2-C5+ cuts. A condensate containing mercury may have negative added-value as a gas field product. 

Natural gas condensate, often called natural gasoline, from these operations can be used directly as blend-stock for gasoline production. Its value to the gas plant operation is intimately linked to the prevailing price of crude oil via the value of gasoline. LPG (propane and butane) is also linked to the prevailing price of crude oil by the energy market. 

Naphtha is also produced from natural gas condensate by distillation. In many condensates there exists a long high boiling tail which makes it unsuitable for pyrolysis cracking. Further, the relatively lower value (in mass terms) of condensate relative to naphtha makes it... 

Because many petrochemical operations use cryogenic separation to separate hydrogen in the cracked streams, it is important to maintain the stream free of mercury. Mercury can contaminate naphtha, especially if it is derived from natural gas condensate since traces of mercury can be found in most natural gas". Mercury in naphtha is readily removed using carbon sieve technology. ... 

Since the addition of a distillation column after hydro-treatment is relatively easy, sometimes natural gas condensates can be used as a primary feed to cracking operations. 

The removal of all mercury species from liquid hydrocarbon feedstocks (raw condensates, crude oil, condensate cuts) is difficult since the majority of the mercury in these feeds is in organometallic form. Most of the time the presence of mercury is associated with the injection of natural gas condensates into the steam cracker. These heavy condensates can contain very high levels of mercury compounds and these mercury species are spread over all the cuts according the following distribution 0-5 % C2, 30-35 % C3, 55-65% C4, 5-10% others cuts. 

The use of natural gas condensates, cheaper and easier to obtain than naphta, is growing. These raw materials are often contaminated by mercury and arsenic compounds. The presence of arsenic or mercury in crude oil can cause not only environmental pollution and equipment corrosion, but also reduction of metallic catalysts life time [1]. For example, in the case of steam reforming or methanation reactions, the presence of arsenic causes severe poisoning of the nickel catalysts [2]. 

The number of streams feeding the plant, the number of contaminated streams, the mercury concentration and the type of mercury removal system considered aU have a potential impact on the cost of the removal system. For overall economic assessment, one should consider the in-plant impact and the cost of removal systems for regeneration/waste effluent systems as well as down-stream client impacts. One should also consider other contaminants which are present in the natural gas condensate i.e. mainly arsenic but also sometimes phosphorus, lead or sihcon. For these contaminants, there is no removal process which is industrially apphed on the steam-cracker effluents. 

The process scheme is designed primarily for the production of gasoline (39) with smaller volumes of distillate fuels. As expected, the hydrogen required for the hydroconversion units is obtained from the synthesis gas. Two important integration features of this plant are (i) the simultaneous hydrotreatment of the naphtha contained in natural gas liquids with the synthetic naphtha before the catalytic reformer, and (ii) the blending of natural gas condensate and synthetic distillates in the final products. 

Devices for air cooling are intended to operate on open air, in areas with moderate or cold climate. There are various designs for cooling natural gas, condensate, and water. 

Fig. 17.2 Dependence of surface tension coefficient on pressure for natural gas condensate.

The diminution of E with an increase of T occurs practically linearly and is approximated by the number —0.1 N/ K. The surface tension of natural hydrocarbon liquids depends both on temperature and pressure. On Fig. 17.2, a typical dependence of E upon pressure is shown for natural gas condensate. 

They are related to natural gas condensates and gas hydrates. First steps toward the... 

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