National Institute of Justice

R. E. Gaensslen, Sourcebook in Forensic Serology, Immunology andBiochemisty, National Institute of Justice, U.S. Department of Justice, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1983. 

Preparation of this manuscript was supported by National Institute of Justice grant 83-IJ-CX-K048. Points of view or opinions in this document do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the U.S. Government. 

National Institute of Justice. Guide for the Selection of Chemical and Biological Decontamination Equipment for Emergency First Responders, NIJ Guide 103-00. Vol. 1. Washington, DC Government Printing Office, October 2001. 

National Institute of Justice, Chemical Facility Vulnerability Assessment Methodology, July 2002 (Sandia VAM). 

Putorti, A. D., McElroy, E.J., and Madrzykowski, D. 2001. Flammable and Combustible Liquid Spill/Burn Patterns. NIJ Report 604-00. National Institute of Justice, Washington, DC. 

Rhykerd, C. L., D. W. Hannum, D. W. Murray, and J. E. Parmeter. Guide for the Selection of Commercial Explosives Detection Systems for Law Enforcement Applications. NIJ Guide 100-99, NCJ 178913, National Institute of Justice, Office of Science and Technology, Washington, DC, 1999. 

Wintermute, Garen, et al. Ejfectiveness of Denial of Handgun Purchase by Violent Misdemeanants, Final Report. Sacramento University of California, Davis. Violence Prevention Research Program, available through Rockville, Md. National Institute of Justice, 2002. This report compares persons convicted of at least one violent misdemeanor who were denied purchase of a gun ftom a licensed dealer to similar persons who were able to purchase a gun prior to enactment of the California law. The study concludes that the successful purchasers are more likely to be arrested for new gun and/or violent crimes thus the law has a crime-reducing effect. 

Sheley, Joseph E, and James D. Wright. High School Youths, Weapons, and Violence A National Survey. Washington, D.C. National Institute of Justice, 1998. Reports and analyzes national survey results on youth violence. 

The National Institute of Justice has put together multivolume compendiums of instrumentation relevant to chemical and biological weapons detection. However, none of these books contains a critical review of the effectiveness of the technologies. One instrument included in the publication is a portable, handheld, ion mobility spectrometry chemical agent monitor with moderate to high selectivity, but only when used in open spaces, far from vapor sources such as smoke, cleaning compounds, and fumes. This would seem to make it useless in the battlefield. Another listed chemical agent monitor has a below 5% false positive rate. With one in 20 false positives, no one could reasonably act upon an alarm. 

Fisher, B. S., F. T. Cullen, and M. G. Turner. Sexual Victimization of College Women Findings from Two National-Level Studies. Washington, D.C. National Institute of Justice and Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2000. 

Henderson, G. L., Harkey, M. R., and Jones, R., Hair analysis for drugs of abuse. Final Report on Grant Number NIJ 90-N1J-CX-0012 to National Institutes of Justice, September 1993. 

Our laboratory has been involved in over 50 field studies evaluating the usefulness and effectiveness of hair analysis in the nine fields listed in Table 1. Most of these studies were performed on a blind basis. The role of our laboratory in these studies has been to develop and provide the appropriate analytical technology and to establish whether a positive result was caused by drug use or external contamination. The objectives, design, and publication of these studies were the responsibilities of the independent investigators. In many instances, the results of hair analysis were validated by comparison with urinalysis and self-reports. The majority of these studies were funded by the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) or the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). Although preliminary reports are available in most cases, we will focus our selective review on those studies which have been published or where preliminary data are available at least in abstract form. 

URL http //www.toyobo.co.Jp/e/seihin/kc/pbo/pdf/Attachment 1970KB.pdf Status Report to the Attorney General on Body Armor Safety Initiative Testing and Activities National Institute of Justice Special Report, December 27, 2004. ... 

The National Institute of Justice provided funding for the initial application of STRs in forensics. STRs were used in forensic casework during the first Persian Gulf War and were widely adopted for testing by forensic laboratories in the United Kingdom and the United States in the mid to late 1990s. 

National Institute of Justice, Oleoresin capsicum pepper spray as a force alternative, NIJ, Technology Assessment Programs, US Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Washington, DC, 1994. 

United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, Model Regulation Volume I, Fifteenth Revised Edition, United Nations, New York and Geneva, 2007 U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standards, Interim Final Rule, 6 C.F.R. Part 27, April 2007 U.S. Department of Justice, Chemical Facility Vulnerability Assessment Methodology, NIJ Special Report, Office of Justice Programs, National Institute of Justice, July 2002... 

The second bullet involves crimes committed by people under the influence of drugs. The only data available comes from the ADAM program that was conducted by the National Institute of Justice. This program was discussed under Target 11, but, to reiterate, the reports on the ADAM program are not consistent in form and content, which makes comparisons over time difficult. In the report regarding 1998 arrestees, 15 of 35 sites had about two-thirds of adult arrestees test positive for at least one ilhcit drug. In 2003, 25 of the 35 sites reported two-thirds of male adult arrestees tested positive. These data would not be consistent... 

National Institute of Justice, Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring Program, No date. 1997 annual report on adult and juvenile arrestees. http //www. ncjrs.org/nij/textrev.pdf 4. 

Wycoff, M. A., and Skogan, W. K. (1993), Community Policing in Madison Quality from the Inside Out, National Institute of Justice Research Report. 

The authors would like to thank John Butler, Dee Mills, Alice Isenberg, Kate Theisen, Pete Vallone, Ed Buse, Ada Nunez, Kerry Opel, Ira Lurie, Stephanie King, Yin Shen, and George Duncan for their contributions to this work. Major funding from the National Institute of Justice is also gratefiilly acknowledged. Points of view in the document are those of the authors and do not neeessarily represent the official view of the U.S. Department of Justice. 

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