Hair, analysis

In a recent report, HS-SPME was used for the extraction of amphetamines from human hair (142). Human hair analysis is gaining interest in the analysis of drugs of abuse, since it offers attractive features easy and unlimited sampling, and as the... 

Covaci A, Tutudaki M, Tsatsakis AM, Schepens P (2002) Hair analysis another approach for the assessment of human exposure to selected persistent organochlorine pollutants. Chemosphere 46(3) 413-418. doi 10.1016/S0045-6535(01)00065-0... 

Chetiyanukornkul T, Toriba A, Kizu R, Kimura K, Hayakawa K. 2004. Hair analysis of nicotine and cotinine for evaluating tobacco smoke exposure by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 18 655. 

Psychemedics Corporation. Media Reports Indicate Ecstasy Use Growing New Hair Analysis Tests Demonstrate To What Degree. Accessed at http //www.preemploymentdrugtests.com/ecstasy drugtest results.htm. 

Lew authors described antidepressant analysis in alternative specimens, such as hair or oral fluid. LC-CID-MS and MS/MS mass spectra libraries for identification of several drugs were employed by Muller et al. [32] for the detection of maprotiline, citalopram, and their desmethyl metabolites in authentic hair specimens extracted ions chromatograms were employed for subsequent antidepressant quantification. Also Klys et al. [33] applied LC-MS/MS to the analysis of blood, urine, and hair specimens in a fatal case due to clomipramine overdose in combination with alcohol. Blood clomipramine and norclomipramine concentrations explained the fatal outcome, and hair analysis confirmed that the deceased was on clomipramine treatment for, at least, 12 months prior to his death. With regard to oral fluid analysis, de Castro et al. [34] developed and validated a... 

Klys M, Sdslowski M, Rojek S et al (2005) A fatal clomipramine intoxication case of a chronic alcoholic patient application of postmortem hair analysis method of clomipramine and ethyl glucuronide using LC/APCI/MS. Leg Med (Tokyo) 7 319-325... 

Society of Hair Testing (2004) Consensus on hair analysis, http //www.soht.org/. Accessed 2 Dec 2010... 

Thieme D, Sachs H (2007) Examination of a long-term clozapine administration by high resolution segmental hair analysis. Forensic Sci Int 166(2—3) 110-114. doi S0379-0738(06)00267-2 [pii] 10.1016/j.forsdint.2006.04.015... 

Wada M, Nakashima K (2006) Hair analysis an excellent tool for confirmation of drug abuse. Anal Bioanal Chem 385 413—415... 

Blood (plasma, serum, or whole blood) and, with some limits, OFs give detailed information about what is occuring at the time of testing hair analysis demonstrates the history of abuse, that could backdate several months. 

Dwivedi P, Hill HH Jr (2008) A rapid analytical method for hair analysis using ambient pressure ion mobility mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (ESI-IMMS). Int J Ion Mobil Spec 11 61-69... 

Nishida M, Yashiki M, Namera A, Kimura K (2006) Single hair analysis of methamphetamine and amphetamine by solid phase microextraction coupled with in matrix derivatization. J ChromatogrB Analyt TechnolBiomedLifeSci 842(2) 106-110. doi S 1570-0232(06)00580-0 [pii] 10.1016/j. j chromb.2006.07.039... 

Hill V, Cairns T, Schaffer M (2008) Hair analysis for cocaine factors in laboratory contami-... 

Kelly, R. C Mieczkowski, T Sweeney S. A., and Bourland, J. A. (2000). Hair analysis for drugs of abuse Hair color and race differentials or systematic differences in drug preferences Forensic Sci. Int. 107,63-86. 

Nakahara, Y. (1999). Hair analysis for abused and therapeutic drugs. /. Chromatogr. B 733, 161-180. 

C. Cox, T.W. Clarkson, D.O. Marsh, L. Amin-Zaki, S. Tikriti, and G.G. Myers, Dose-response analysis of infants prenatally exposed to methyl mercury An application of a single compartment model to single strand hair analysis. Environ. Res. 49 318, 1989. 

Rogers CE, Tomita AV, Trowbridge PR, et al. 1997. Hair analysis does not support hypothesized arsenic and chromium exposure from drinking water in Woburn, Massachusetts. Environ Health Perspect 105(10) 1090-1097. 

Keratin is a natural single-strand polymer consisting of chains of amino acids, with a high proportion of the two sulfur-containing amino acids cysteine and methionine. Keratin is the polymer of hair and nails. The sulfur atoms account for keratin s ability to bond to arsenic, mercury, and lead. Hair analysis has played an important role in forensic evidence in cases of poisoning, and it has been possible to diagnose the extent to which famous people in history were affected by these toxic elements provided a sample of their hair has been preserved. 

Pereira R, Ribeiro R, Goncalves F. 2004. Scalp hair analysis as a tool in assessing human exposure to heavy metals (S. Domingos mine, Portugal). Sci Total Environ 327 81-92. 

Importance of Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) in Hair Analysis.121... 

Hair Analysis for Organic Analytes Methodology, Reliability Issues, and... 

The potential of hair analysis also interested some physicians who postulated that there was a direct relationship between the trace metals concentration in people s hair and their intelligence and learning abUity. Others expanded this concept to encompass mental illnesses and mental disorders. - By the end of the 1970s, sufficient experience was obtained that warranted discarding this practice despite the very extensive, but unsuccessful efforts to justify it. 

Probably the most popular and, as it proved to be, the most contentious use of hair analysis was its application to the evaluation of nutritional deficiencies. Many food faddists, pharmacists, nutritionists, and some physicians were convinced that a person s well being was influenced by the concentration of trace metals in his hair. The demands for hair analysis became very large. Many laboratories, some with dubious competence, were estabhshed to satisfy what seemed to be a limitless, ever growing service demand. With the passage of time, however, proponents of this... 

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