Multiwalled carbon nanotube-polypropylene

Multiwalled carbon nanotube-polypropylene Multiwalled carbon nanotube-high-density polyethylene Multiwalled carbon nanotube-polyimides Single-walled carbon nanotube-vinylene Carbon nanotube-polyether ether ketone Multiwalled carbon nanotube-polycarbonate TjOj-coated multiwalled carbon nanotube-epoxy composites Carbon nanotube polyetherimide and epoxy resins Carbon nanotube polypyrrole... 

Cheng HKF, Pan Y, Sahoo NG, Chong K, Li L, Hwa Chan S, Zhao J (2012) Improvement in properties of multiwalled carbon nanotube/polypropylene nanocomposites through homogeneous dispersion with the aid of surfactants. J Appl Polym Sci 124 1117... 

Carbon-based sorbents are relatively new materials for the analysis of noble metal samples of different origin [78-84]. The separation and enrichment of palladium from water, fly ash, and road dust samples on oxidized carbon nanotubes (preconcentration factor of 165) [83] palladium from road dust samples on dithiocarbamate-coated fullerene Cso (sorption efficiency of 99.2 %) [78], and rhodium on multiwalled carbon nanotubes modified with polyacrylonitrile (preconcentration factor of 120) [80] are examples of the application of various carbon-based sorbents for extraction of noble metals from environmental samples. Sorption of Au(III) and Pd(ll) on hybrid material of multiwalled carbon nanotubes grafted with polypropylene amine dendrimers prior to their determination in food and environmental samples has recently been described [84]. Recent application of ion-imprinted polymers using various chelate complexes for SPE of noble metals such as Pt [85] and Pd [86] from environmental samples can be mentioned. Hydrophobic noble metal complexes undergo separation by extraction under cloud point extraction systems, for example, extraction of Pt, Pd, and Au with N, A-dihexyl-A -benzylthiourea-Triton X-114 from sea water and dust samples [87]. 

Supramolecular interactions were also utilized in synthesis of carbon nanotube/poly-propylene composites (see chapter Applications of Ball Milling in Nanocarbon Material Synthesis). Solid-state grafting of maleated polypropylene on the surface of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) employs interactions of carbonyl and carboxyl groups with maleic anhydride groups via hydrogen bonds or other dipole-dipole interactions [8]. 

Yang, B. Shi, J. Pramoda, K. Goh, S. (2008) Enhancement of the mechanical properties of polypropylene using polypropylene-grafted multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Compos. Sci Technol. Vol.68, No.l2, pp.2490-2497... 

Among the many potential applications of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), their use as reinforcing fillers for fhe fabrication of polymer nanocomposites has received considerable attention [1-4]. Both single-walled and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs and MWCNTs, respectively) are noted for their outstanding thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties. Polypropylene (PP) is a widely used thermoplastic because of its low cost, good processability, and well-balanced physical and mechanical properties. Products of PP take the forms of fibers, films, and molded articles. This chapter highlights the microstructure and properties of PP/CNT nanocomposites. Since most studies dealt with isotactic polypropylene, the term TP" in this chapter refers to isotactic polypropylene unless otherwise stated. 

Avila-Orta, C. A., Medellin-Rodriguez, J., Davila-Rodriguez, M. V., Aguirre-Figueroa, Y. A., Yoon, K., and Hsiao, B. S. 2007. Morphological features and melting behavior of nanocomposites based on isotactic polypropylene and multiwalled carbon nanotubes. 

Xiao, Y, Zhang, X., Cao, W., Wang, K., Tan, H., Zhang, Q. et al. 2007. Dispersion and mechanical properties of polypropylene/ multiwall carbon nanotubes composites obtained via dynamic packing injection molding. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 104 1880-1886. 

Causin, V., Yang, B. X., Marega, C., Goh, S. H., and Marigo, A. 2009. Nucleation, structure and lamellar morphology of isotactic polypropylene filled with polypropylene-grafted multiwalled carbon nanotubes. European Polymer Journal 45 2155-2163. 

Tjong, S. C., Liang, G. D., and Bao, S. R. 2007. Electrical behavior of polypropylene/multiwalled carbon nanotube nanocomposites with low percolation threshold. 

General discussions of the effect of reinforcing agents on the thermal properties of polymers include glass fiber-reinforced polyethylene terephthalate [28], multiwalled carbon nanotube-reinforced liquid crystalline polymer [29], polysesquioxane [30, 31], polynrethane [31], epoxy resins [32], polyethylene [33], montmorillonite clay-reinforced polypropylene [34], polyethylene [35], polylactic acid [36, 37], calcium carbonate-filled low-density polyethylene [38], and barium sulfate-filled polyethylene [39]. 

He Q, Yuan T, Yan X, Ding D, Wang Q, Luo Z, Shen TD, Wei S, Cao D, Guo Z (2014) Flame-retardant polypropylene/multiwall carbon nanotube nanocomposites effects of surface functionalization and surfactant molecular weight. Macromol Chem Phys 215(4) 327-340 Heidari A, Beheshty MH, Rahimi H (2013) Functionalization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes via direct friedel-crafts acylation in an optimized PPA/P205 medium. Fuller Nanotubes Carbon Nanostruct 21(6) 516-524... 

For carbon nanotube-polypropylene yields an interfacial energy of 49 mJ/m (cf. 47 mJ/m from AFM experiments or an interfacial strength of 6.2 MPa (cf. 20 to 40 MPa from multiwalled nanotubes, and 2 MPa from computer simulations ). 

Assouline, E., et al., Nucleation ability of multiwall carbon nanotubes in polypropylene... 

Qian, D., et al.. Load transfer and deformation mechanisms in carbon nanotube-polyst5Tene composites. Applied Physics Letters, 2000. 76(20) p. 2868-2870. Bhattacharyya, A.R., etal.. Crystallization and orientation studies in polypropylene/ single waU carbon nanotube composite. Polymer, 2003. 44(8) p. 2373-2377. Gorga, R.E. and R.E. Cohen, Toughness enhancements in poly(methyl methacrylate) by addition of oriented multiwall carbon nanotubes. Journal of Polymer Science Part B - Polymer Physics, 2004. 42(14) p. 2690-2702. 

Moore, E.M., et al.. Enhancing the strength of polypropylene fibers with carbon nanotubes. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2004. 93(6) p. 2926-2933. Assouline, E.,etal., Nucleation ability of multiwall carbon nanotubes in polypropylene... 

Ezat GS, Kelly AL, Mitchell SC, Youseffi M, Coates PD (2012) Effect of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene compatibilizer on the morphology and properties of polypropylene/multiwalled carbon nanotube composite. Polym Compos 33 1376... 

Khare RA, Bhattacharyya AR, Kulkanii AR (2011) Melt-mixed polypropylene/ acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene blends with multiwall carbon nanotubes effect of compatibilizer and modifier on minphology and electrical conductivity. J Appl Polym Sci 120 2663... 

Potschke P, Kobashi K, Villmow T, Andres T, Paiva MC, Covas JA (2011) Liquid sensing properties of melt processed polypropylene/poly (e-caprolactone) blends containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Compos Sci Technol 71 1451... 

Polypropylene (PP) has been a common matrix used for carbon nanotube composites. Both single walF and multiwall nanotubes have been used to study crystallization behavior in PP and polymer morphology as well as mechanical properties. Results have been mixed, especially for mechanical properties, where one study showed no significant improvement in mechanical properties, and others have shown moderate improvements in... 

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