Calcium carbonate filled

Ny lon-6 (108 g) carpet backed with calcium-carbonate-filled latex and polypropylene was charged to a 1000-mL three-neck round-bottom flask (equipped with a condenser) with 6 mL of 85% phosphoric acid. Superheated steam was injected continuously during a 45-min period. The vapor temperature of the reaction medium was 250-300°C. The volume of distillate collected was 1065 mL. The distillate contained 1.9% e-caprolactam (as determined by GC), which corresponded to a crude yield of 37.5%. The distillate was fractionated in a distillation column and the nonaqueous phase removed. The remaining aqueous phase was treated with 2% potassium permanganate at 40-50°C for 2 h. Evaporation of... 

Fig. 12. The frequency dependence of dynamic storage modulus G at 200 °C for calcium carbonate filled polypropylenes (mean particle size 0.15 pm).Filler loading wt%, (o) 0 (6) 10 (o) 20 (9) 30 [47]...

Fig. 11.27 Scanning electron micrograph of calcium carbonate-filled polypropylene the primary particle size is 0.15 pm the volume fraction of filler 0.08. [Reprinted by permission from Y. Suetsugu, State of Dispersion-Mechanical Properties Correlation in Small Particle Polymer Composites, hit. Polym. Process., 5, 184 (1990).]...

Y. Bomal and P. Goddard, Melt Viscosity of Calcium-carbonate-filled Low Density Polyethylene Influence of Matrix-filler and Particle-particle Interactions, Polym. Eng. Sci., 36, 237-243 (1996). 

Hercules Kymene 557 is the cationic, water-soluble, wet strength resin, which conservators know because of its use in the manufacture of calcium carbonate filled P/D paper. In its synthesis, a condensation polymer of adipic acid and diethylene triamine is reacted with epichloro-hydrin to introduce reactive epoxy groups. The behavior of Kymene in dispersed fiber has been investigated by Bates (6,7). 

Figure 8.20. Charpy notched impact strength of calcium carbonate filled polypropylene. [Adapted, by permission, from Jancar J, Dibenedetto A T, Dianselmo A, Polym. Engng. Sci., 33, No.9, 1993, 559-63.]...

Figure 9.21. Complex viscosity of calcium carbonate filled PP vs. frequency. [Adapted, by permission, from Johnson K C, Antec 96. Volume III. Conference proceedings, Indianapolis, 5th-10th May 1996, 3545-9.]...

Various titanate compounds have been employed with cardanol probably forming di, tri and tetra-substituted derivatives which were found to be useful for viscosity reduction in organic/inorganic systems, as aqueous emulsifying agents and in the processing of calcium carbonate-filled PVC (ref.258). 

The water resistance of "cultural marble" produced from clay or calcium carbonate-filled polyester mortars has been improved by treating the filler with a silane, such as gamma-methacryloylpropyltrlethoxysilane.22 The translucency of "cultured marble" may be improved by the use of ATH as a filler. 

Effect of Plasticizers on Calcium Carbonate Filled Compositions (Cast Sheets Cured 7 Days at 70-72 F (21 22°C) and 44-48% RH)... 

Uses Optical brightener for stock applic. in sized and unsized papers, esp. neutrally sized and calcium carbonate-filled papers and for use in coatings which contain casein as a sec. binder Features H igh ly su bstantive exhibits very good buildup even at low cones. very good stability to hard and soft water and alkaline conditions for use continuously or batchwise compat. with most anionic and nonionic prods. Properties Yel.-brn. clear liq. readily dilutable with water dens. 1.211 kg/ I vise. < 150 mPa s (20 C), < 600 mPa s (0 C) solid, pt. -18 C pH 8.5 anionic... 

Jikan, S. S., Samsudin, M. S. F., Ariff, Z. M., Ishak, Z. A. M., Ariffin, A. (2009). Relationship of rheological study with morphological characteristics of multicomponent (talc and calcium carbonate) filled polypropylene hybrid composites. /. Reinf. Plast. Compos. 18,1577-1587... 

Plasticiser Effect on Calcium Carbonate Filled Poiysuifide Composition (Cast sheets cured 7 daysat 70-72"F and 44-48% Relative Humidity)... 

Micro and Nano Calcium Carbonate Filled Natural Rubber Composites and Nanocomposites... 

LPP Calcium carbonate-filled polypropylene, PP Ferro Corp. 

Figure 2.5 Shear viscosity of uncoated and stearate-coated calcium carbonate-filled polystyrene melt versus shear rate. (Reproduced with permission from Ref [10], Chapters.)...

Although not widely studied, the simplest case is that of peroxide cured or cross-linked systems, where unsaturation can take part in the curing readion. Mori has reported very good results with some unsaturated carboxylic acids (e.g., CH2=C(CH3)C00C2H4C00H) in a calcium carbonate-filled unsaturated polyester resin [15]. Some of the results are presented in Table 6.1. 

Table 6.1 Effects of an unsaturated acid coupling agent on the mechanical properties of calcium carbonate-filled unsaturated polyester resin [15] (filler level not given).

Results obtained by this author and coworkers for a calcium carbonate-filled PP are presented in Table 6.10. 

Table 6.10 Effect of maleated PP on the properties of calcium carbonate filled PP.

Khimova, V. and Sain, M.M. (1995) Optimization of mechanical strength of reinforced composites. 1. Study on the effect of reactive bismaleimide on the mechanical performance of a calcium carbonate filled polypropylene. Angew. Makromol. Chem., 224, 9. 

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