Multiresidue methods for

Kasprzyk-Hordern B, Dinsdale RM, Guwy AJ (2008) Multiresidue methods for the analysis of pharmaceuticals, personal care products and illicit drugs in surface water and wastewater by solid-phase extraction and ultra performance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 391(4) 1293-1308... 

Numerous methods have also been reported for foods, including milk (Bennett et al. 1997), chili fruits (Pokharkar and Dethe 1981), fruits and vegetables (Mitchell 1976), and the multiresidue methods for fatty and non-fatty foods (fruits, vegetables, seeds, dairy, eggs, meats) published by FDA (FDA 1994). Limits of detection are generally in the sub-ppm to ppb range. 

Bennett DA, Chung AC, Lee SM. 1997. Multiresidue method for analysis of pesticides in liquid whole milk. JAOACInt 80(5) 1065-1077. 

The analytical methods summarized in this article are generally multiresidue methods for the determination of oxime carbamates in different sample matrices (crops, animal tissues, soil, and water). These methods include HPLC with fluorescence, MS, and MS/MS detection. 

Carvalho JJ, Jeronimo PCA, Goncalves C et al (2008) Evaluation of a multiresidue method for measuring fourteen chemical groups of pesticides in water by use of LC-MS-MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 392 955-968... 

Leoni V, Caricchia AM, Chiavarini S. 1992. Multiresidue method for quantitation of organophosphorus pesticides in vegetable and animal foods. J AOAC International 75(3) 511-518. 

Miyahara M, Suzuki T, Saito Y. 1992. Multiresidue method for some pesticides in lanolin by capillary gas chromatography with detection by electron capture, flame photometric, mass spectrometric, and atomic emission techniques. J Agric Fd Chem 40 64-69. 

Jansson B, Andersson R, Asplund L, et al. 1991. Multiresidue method for the gas-chromatographic analysis of some polychlorinated and polybrominated polutants in biological samples. Fresenius Z Anal Chem 340 439-445. 

RT Krause. Multiresidue methods for carbamate pesticides. Emerging Strategies for Pesticide Analysis 5 99-123, 1992. 

RG Luchtefeld. Multiresidue method for determining substituted urea herbicides in foods by liquid chromatography. J Assoc Off Anal Chem 70 740-745, 1987. 

A multiresidue method for analyzing 28 common organophosphorus pesticides and three of their main metabolites (paraoxon-ethyl, paraoxon-methyl, and malaoxon) in a variety of crop samples has been developed (59). The use of LC-DAD techniques allowed identification of both organophosphorus pesticides and metabolites by means of standard and spectral comparisons, respectively. A typical chromatogram for fortified apple extract is shown in Figure 4. 

A Di Corcia, M Marchetti. Multiresidue method for pesticides in drinking water using a graphitized carbon black cartridge extraction and liquid chromatographic analysis. Anal Chem 63 580-585,1991. 

BP Ioerger, JS Smith. Multiresidue method for the extraction and detection of organophosphate pesticides and their primary and secundary metabolites from beef tissue using HPLC. J Agric Food Chem 41 303-307, 1993. 

JJ Blaha, PJ Jackson. Multiresidue method for quantitative determination of organophosphorus pesticides in food. J Assoc Off Anal Chem 68 1095-1099, 1985. 

J Slobodnik, MGM Groenewegen, ER Brouwer, H Lingeman, UAT Brinkman. Fully automated multiresidue method for trace level monitoring of polar pesticides by liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr 642 359-370, 1993. 

Current multiresidue methods for alkaloids typically involve extraction with a polar solvent such as ethanol, evaporation to remove the solvent, and a series of acid/base liquid-liquid partition steps for cleanup. An alternative method is extraction with aqueous acid followed by alkaliniza-tion and extraction into organic solvent or by the use of SPE columns. Direct solvent extraction... 

Work Item A multiresidue methods for the gas chromatographic determination of pesticide residues ... 

Crescenzi, C., A. Di Corcia, E. Guerriero, and R. Samperi (1997). Development of a multiresidue method for analyzing pesticide traces in water based on solid-phase extraction and electrospray liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Environ. Sci. Technol., 31 479 188. 

Pardue, J.R (1995). Multiresidue method for the chromatographic determination of triazine herbicides and their metabolites in raw agricultural products. J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. Int., 78(3) 856-867. 

Schulein, J., D. Martens, P. Spitzauer, and A. Kettrup (1995). Comparison of different solid phase extraction materials and techniques by application of multiresidue methods for the determination of pesticides in water by high-performance hquid chromatography (HPLC). Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 352 565-571. 

Cristale, J., Lacorte, S. Development and validation of a multiresidue method for the analysis of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, new brominated and organophosphorus flame retardants in sediment, sludge and dust. J. Chromatogr. A 1305(267) (2013)... 

Jans son et al. [52] described a multiresidue method for PCA analysis in biological samples by acetone-hexane and diethylether-hexane extraction, oxidation with sulfuric acid to remove lipid, and isolation of PCAs on SX-3 Biobeads GPC. A combination of silica and activated charcoal column chromatography was then used to isolate other OCs. With diethylhexylphthalate (DEHP) as a retention indicator and (1 1) DCM/hexane as the mobile phase for GPC, PCAs were selectively removed from other persistent OCs by collecting an initial fraction that corresponded to a factor times the retention time of DEHP. All other... 

M.J. Taylor, K. Hunter, K.B. Hunter, D. Lindsay, S. Le Bouhellec, Multiresidue method for rapid screening and confirmation of pesticides in crude extracts offruits and vegetables using isocratic LC-ESI-MS-MS, J. Chromatogr. A, 982 (2002) 225. 

E. Lacassie, P. Marquet, J.-M. Gauher, M.-F. Dreyfuss, G. Lachatre, Sensitive and specific multiresidue methods for the determination ofpesticides of various classes in... 

A.O. Olsson, S.E. Baker, J.V. Nguyen, L.C. Romanoff, S.O. Udunka, R.D. Walker, K.L. Flemmen, D.B. Barr, A LC-MS-MS multiresidue method for quantification of specific metabolites of OPP, synthetic pyrethroids, selected herbicides, and DEEP in human urine. Anal. Chem., 76 (2004) 2453. 

A multiresidue method for 21 sulfonamides in milk was described by Volmer [32]. Separation of all compounds was achieved in only 6 min on a 50x4.0-mm-ID ODS-AQ colunrn (3 pm) using a fast gradient program (10-45% acetonitrile in 0.1% aqueous formic acid in 7 min). The coluttm was ran at a flow-rate of 1 ml/min. A post-colunm split was used to deliver 90 pFmin to ESI. A three-step analytical strategy is adopted ... 

A variety of other multiresidue methods for sulfonamides have been reported, based on the nse of SRM with two or three product ions on a triple quadrapole, or full-scan MS-MS on an ion-trap instrument. Some examples of the cmrent state-of-the art are the quantification and confirmation of sulfonamides in swine mine (16 pg/1 on a triple-quadrapole and 24 pg/1 on an ion-trap instrument, [33]), in bovine kidney (5-13.5 pg/kg) on a triple-quadrapole instrument after on-line extraction and sample clean-np [34], in eggs (50 pg/kg) nsing an ion-trap instrument [8], in bovine... 

Van Ginkel, L.A. Stephany, R.W. Van Rossum, H.J. Development and validation of a multiresidue method for beta-agonists in biological samples and animal feed. 

For the set up a GC-based multiresidue method for a specific pesticide-matrix combination, information is needed on GC retention and detectability of the analytes also, the need for a cleanup procedure must be evaluated. 

Table 6.3 Characteristics of monoresidue and multiresidue methods for the analysis of pesticide residues.

Multiresidue method for the determination of pesticides residues in grape (QuEChERS)(Anastassiades et al., 2003)... 

Cabras, P., Tuberoso, C., Melis, M. and Martini, M.G. (1992) Multiresidue method for pesticide determination in wine by high-performance liquid chromatography, T. Agric. Food Chem., 40(5), 817-819. 

Jansson, C., Pihlstrom, T., Osterdahl, B.G. andMarkides, K.E. (2004) Anew multiresidue method for analysis of pesticides residues in fruit and vegetables using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection, J. Chromatogr. A., 1023(1), 93-104. 

Lacassie E, Marquet P, Gaulier JM, Dreyfuss MF, Lachatre G. Sensitive and specific multiresidue methods for the determination of pesticides of various classes in clinical and forensic toxicology. Forensic Sci Int 2001 121 116-25. 

Banerjee, K., Oulkar, D.P., Dasgupta, S., Patil, S.B., Patil, S.H., Savant, R., and Adsule, P.G. (2007). Validation and uncertainty analysis of a multiresidue method for pesticides in grapes using ethyl acetate extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,/. Chromatogr. A, 1173, 98-109. 

---