Monocytic leukaemia

THP-1 Human monocytic leukaemia Thy 1+ Murine T cell antigen t.i.d. Ter in die (three times a day) TIL Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes UMP Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase... 

Abbreviations CBP, CREB binding protein CREB, cAMP response element binding protein FAT, factor acetyltransferase HAT, histone acetyltransferase MEL, mixed lineage leukaemia protein MORE, MOZ related factor MOZ, monocytic leukaemia zinc finger protein PHD, plant homeodomain RTS, Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome, TIE, transcription intermediary factor... 

Lester WA, Hull DR, Fegan CD, Morris TC. Respiratory failure during induction chemotherapy for acute myelo-monocytic leukaemia (FAB M4Eo) with ara-C and all-trans retinoic acid. Br J Haematol 2000 109(4) 847-50. 

Loh ML (2011) B cent advances in the pathogenesis and treatment of juvenile myelo-monocytic leukaemia. Br J Haematol 152 677-687... 

The neutrophil-like cells were prepared by incubating THP-1 (human acute monocytic leukaemia cell line) (Dainippon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) for 3 days at 37 °C in RPMI1640 medium which contains 10% FBS (Fetal Bovin Serum) and... 

While emphasis has been given to the use of anti-metabolites in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children, they are also used with varying success with other types of cancer. For the other common forms of leukaemias - acute myeloid and monocytic leukaemias - which affect adults in the age range 55-75, a cocktail of drugs that includes cytarabine, 6-thioguanine (an analogue of 6-mercaptopurine) and daunorubicin (a structural relative of doxorubicin, discussed later) can induce remission in up to 80% of patients. Bone-marrow transplantation has also become a standard part of the treatment, once remission has been achieved, and the resultant rate of cure is usually around 50%, especially in patients under 65 years. 

Tsan ME, White JE, Maheshwari JG, Bremner TA, Sacco J. Resveratrol induces Fas signalling-independent apoptosis in THP-1 human monocytic leukaemia cells. BrJ Haematol 2000 109 405-412. 

Lysozyme has been purified from human tears, serum, and urine of acute monocytic leukaemia patients, renal disease patients, and residents in cadmium-polluted areas of Tsushima Island, using affinity chromatography on an adsorbent containing lysozyme-lysate of Micrococcus lysodeikticus cell walls. The specific activities and heterogeneities of the preparations on disc gel electrophoresis were found to differ from one source of enzyme to another. 

Elevated levels of serum lysozyme have been observed in cases of Gaucher disease this high level was considered to reflect an increased body mass of reticuloendothelial cells. It was suggested that the enzyme elevation might be of use in diagnosis of Gaucher disease. In cases of monocytic leukaemia, myelomonocytic leukaemia, and myeloma no evidence has been found for immunoglobulin (IgG)-lysozyme complexes. The mobility of the serum lysozyme was identical to that of free urinary lysozyme. 

A method of two-dimensional electrophoresis has been derived to allow a study of the electrophoretic mobility of human urinary lysozyme. Three different phenotypes have been defined in a study of 13 purified lysozymes obtained from different patients with monocytic leukaemia. 

The sulphate of this alkaloid has been used mainly for the treatment of Hodgkin s disease, reticulum cell sarcomas, lymphosarcomas, monocytic leukaemias, choriocarcinomas, and mammary and ovary carcinomas [66-70a]. It has been used also in combination with vincristine for the treatment of acute lymphocytic and myeloblastic leukaemias in children [71]. Toxic... 

A small molecular weight protein produced in large amounts in monocytic leukaemia. It passes into the urine where it can form a discrete band on protein electrophoresis. It is therefore sometimes mistaken for Bence-Jones protein. It has post-7 mobility and is well separated from the 7-globulin fraction. 

Kasukabe, T, RephaeU, A., Honma, Y., 1997. An anti-cancer derivative of butyric acid (pivalyloxmethyl buterate) and daunorubicin cooperatively prolong survival of mice inoculated with monocytic leukaemia cells. British Journal of Cancer 75 (6), 850. 

Interleukin 1 (IL-1) is produced mainly by activated monocytes-macropha-ges, and its principal action is to stimulate thymocytes. A pleiotropic cytokine, IL-1 induces the expression of a large diversity of cytokines such as IL-6, leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and other proinflammatory molecules (Di-marello 1994). IL-1 and TNF-a carry out as part of their function increasing the expression of NF-/cB and JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase). The importance of IL-1 in OCS is demonstrated because the IL-1-receptor-deficient mouse is resistant to ovariectomy (OVX)-induced bone loss (Lorenzo et al. 1998). The importance in pathological bone loss is also illustrated by the fact that treatment with IL-1 receptor antagonist slows down bone erosion for patients affected with rheumatoid arthritis (Kwan et al. 2004). IL-1 increases osteoclast differentiation rather than mature osteoclast activity, and infusion of IL-1 into mice induces hypercalcemia and bone resorption. Finally, IL-1 and TNF-a... 

Mammalian cells can spend variable times in the G1 phase of the cell division cycle. Time spent in this phase varies considerable with cell type, some terminally differentiated cells dividing only rarely (e.g. liver) or not at all (e.g. heart muscle, nerve). Because of the ability of HNE to reduce cell proliferation, its effect on cell differentiation has also recently been explored. When HL60 human leukaemia cells are exposed to 1 iM HNE their proliferation is inhibited, but significantly without loss of viability. Perhaps more importantly it appears that such treatment progressively induces them to differentiate terminally into either monocyte/macrophage-like cells or granulocytes [33]. 

McCarthy, D.M. et al. (1983) 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 inhibits proliferation of human promyelocytic leukaemia (HL60) cells and induces monocyte-macrophage differentiation in HL60 and normal human bone marrow cells. Leukemia Research, 7, 51-55. 

Gros We will tell you in a few weeks. The ICSBP mutation also affects the myeloid compartment, so these mice develop a CML-type phenotype. The absence of ICSBP shuts down the mononuclear pathway and causes an expansion of the granulocyte pathway. These mice have a CML-hke disease in which they are deficient in the monocyte kind of progenitor from the same stem cells. They die early of this leukaemia. It is a complex story because they also have a replication-competent retrovirus that specifically replicates inside that expanding progenitor. They are hard to breed, and if you want to look at TB they have to five long enough that you can phenotype them. 

Daunorubidn [9 ] 1979 Acute non4)fmphocytic leukaemia (myelogenous, monocytic, erythroid) of adults Acute lymphocytic leukaemia of children and adults. 30-45mg/m2/day IV on days 1-3 in combination (with 2 mg vincristine and 40mg/m /day prednisone) Max recommended cumulative dose 400-500mg/m in adults, 300mg/m in children... 

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