Miscellaneous Units

Miscellaneous units-fluid catalytic cracking, monoethanolamine (MEA) extraction. HF alkylation, boiler, propylene polymerization, propane deasphalting. 

Miscellaneous unit weights and costs From published data and current costs. 

Take-offs from SK 4 and 5 Unit prices from Section 19.3 - Miscellaneous Units Assume that 40% of the Subcontract (S/C) cost is ioaded iabor 40.00/Hour ... 

The TDT-3R technology meets the U.S, RCRA Miscellaneous Units 40 CFR 264 Subpart X for THERMAL DESORBERS and compatible E.U. Norms for THERMOLYSIS with the following main characteristics ... 

Mathematica also provides a special package for the interconversion of units of measure. To access this functionality of the software we need to load the package named Miscellaneous Units. We load this and other specialized packages from the Mathematica library with the following command ... 

For more examples of this kind and to see what units are available to use in these interconversions click on the Master Index in the Help Browser and Go To Miscellaneous Units. ... 

To do this we will load a helpful package called Miscellaneous Units from Mathematica. We also want graphs of the predicted catalyst mass as function of time, the theoretical level of catalytst in the reactor as a function of time, and the actual level that has been measured in the reactor at a few times during the loading process. Finally, we can compute the catalyst cost in flowing into the reactor volume per unit time. Here we calculate the mass flow in per unit time in metric units as well as the volume and cross-sectional area of the reactor. 

This factor also specifically evaluates environmental regulations established by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and by states regarding the destruction of chemical weapons and materials. Key in this evaluation is the ability of the technology to satisfy environmental permitting requirements, especially those that were established under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) for a miscellaneous unit. The... 

There does not appear to be any impediment to obtaining an air quality permit for the TC-60 CDC based on the results of sampling and analysis. The TC-60 would be considered a minor source for Title V (Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990) applicabihty determination purposes because all air emissions were below emission thresholds used for a rule applicability determination. A Subpart X (Miscellaneous Treatment Unit) permit would be required for a RCRA-affected facihty because the munitions to be treated would be a hazardous waste and the miscellaneous unit designation is the most appropriate for this process. (DiBerardo et al., 2007, p. 87)... 

The EDTs, being technologies that do not fit into established waste treatment categories under RCRA, will probably be permitted under RCRA Subpart X— Miscellaneous Units. Subpart X entails a performance demonstration. Rather than meeting set requirements, permittees for Subpart X units must demonstrate that technologies will be sufficiently protective of human health and the environment. 

Adipic acid is a very large volume organic chemical. Worldwide production in 1986 reached 1.6 x 10 t (3.5 x 10 lb) (158) and in 1989 was estimated at more than 1.9 x 10 t (Table 7). It is one of the top fifty (159) chemicals produced in the United States in terms of volume, with 1989 production estimated at 745,000 t (160). Growth rate in demand in the United States for the period 1988—1993 is estimated at 2.5% per year based on 1987—1989 (160). Table 7 provides individual capacities for U.S. manufacturers. Western European capacity is essentially equivalent to that in the United States at 800,000 t/yr. Demand is highly cycHc (161), reflecting the automotive and housing markets especially. Prices usually foUow the variabiUty in cmde oil prices. Adipic acid for nylon takes about 60% of U.S. cyclohexane production the remainder goes to caprolactam for nylon-6, export, and miscellaneous uses (162). In 1989 about 88% of U.S. adipic acid production was used in nylon-6,6 (77% fiber and 11% resin), 3% in polyurethanes, 2.5% in plasticizers, 2.7% miscellaneous, and 4.5% exported (160). 

Ammonium nitrate-based explosives account for about 97% of total U.S. industrial explosive consumption. Coal mining in the United States formed about 65—68% of the demand for explosives in 1991. The remaining uses were quarrying and nonmetal mining, 15% metal mining, 10% constmction, 7% miscellaneous uses, 3—4%. The properties of ammonium nitrate are given in Table 18 (173,239—242). 

Sulfates of sodium are iadustriaUy important materials commonly sold ia three forms (Table 1). In the period from 1970 to 1981, > 1 million metric tons were consumed aimuaHy ia the United States. Siace then, demand has declined. In 1988 consumption dropped to 890,000 t, and ia 1994 to 610,000 t (1,2). Sodium sulfate is used principally (40%) ia the soap (qv) and detergent iadustries. Pulp and paper manufacturers consume 25%, textiles 19%, glass 5%, and miscellaneous iadustries consume 11% (3). About half of all sodium sulfate produced is a synthetic by-product of rayon, dichromate, phenol (qv), or potash (see Chromium compounds Fibers, regenerated cellulosics Potassium compounds). Sodium sulfate made as a by-product is referred to as synthetic. Sodium sulfate made from mirabilite, thenardite, or naturally occurring brine is called natural sodium sulfate. In 1994, about 300,000 t of sodium sulfate were produced as a by-product another 300,000 t were produced from natural sodium sulfate deposits (4). 

Miscellaneous Sulfur Chemicals—United States, Chemical Economics Handbook, 780.4000M-X, Stanford Research Institute International, Menlo Park, Calif., May 1992. 

The United States consumed 1500 metric tons of bismuth in 1988 and exported 147 t (1). The average domestic dealer price was 12.74/kg. The world mine output, excluding the United States, was estimated to be 2770 t in 1988 the world refinery production was estimated as 3510 t. Of the bismuth consumed in the United States, 679 t was used for industrial and laboratory chemicals, cosmetics (qv), and pharmaceuticals (qv) 333 t for fusible alloys 493 t for metaHurgical additives 12 t for other alloys and 15 t for miscellaneous purposes. 

United States consumption of carbon disulfide totaled about 108,000 t in 1990 according to SRI International, with the following distribution by end use appHcation 46,000 tons for rayon 33,000 tons for carbon tetrachloride 12,000 tons for mbber 5,000 tons for cellophane and 12,000 tons for agricultural and miscellaneous uses (129). During 1991 the carbon tetrachloride appHcation disappeared entirely thereby reducing the aimuali2ed carbon disulfide usage to an estimated 75,000 tons. Net exports are around 6,000 tons, and are expected to increase in the future. 

Miscellaneous Natural Products. The longhst of natural products used in early cough preparations has diminished to the point where only a few are still mentioned. Four natural products stiU used occasionally outside the United States ate squill, hotehound, cociEana, and ipecac. 

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