Methyl parathion mixtures

DOT/UN/NA/IMCO shipping Methyl parathion, liquid (DOT) Methyl parathion mixture, dry (DOT) methyl parathion, solid (DOT) UN 3017 organophosphorus pesticides, liquid, toxic, flammable, not otherwise specified HSDB 1999 RTECS 1989... 

Mental disturbances have been reported after organophosphate exposure. Neuropsychiatric symptoms occurred in two aerial applicators, one of whom used methyl parathion as well as other insecticides. One of these pilots had high levels of exposure to a mixture containing methyl parathion, toxaphene, and Dipterex when his clothing became saturated when the tank of his aircraft accidentally overflowed. Several months after the accident, the subject complained of anxiety, dizziness, emotional lability, and frequent and severe disagreements with family members and associates. Similar observations had been... 

Ortiz D, Yanez L, Gomez H, et al. 1995. Acute toxicological effects in rats treated with a mixture of commercially formulated products containing methyl parathion and permethrin. Ecotoxicol Environ Safety 32 154-158. 

Figure 8.5 Effect of separation voltage on the response for a mixture containing (a) 3.0 x 10-5M paraoxon, (b) 3.0 x 10-5M methyl parathion, and (c) 6.0 x 10-5M fenitrothion. Separation performed using (A) + 1500, (B) + 2000, (C) + 2500, (D) + 3000, (E) + 3500 and (F) + 4000 V, respectively. Inset graph indicates the plate number (N) versus separation voltage [24].

Our first objective was to determine whether microencapsulated methyl parathion Is unique In Its property to be carried back to the hive by bees. To that end a mixture of three commonly used insecticides along with MMP was applied to a plot of blooming rape. The agents were azlnphos-methyl (Guthlon), parathion, and carbaryl (Sevin). By using a mixture on a single plot the effects of variation In bee visitation were eliminated and the tendencies to be carried to the hive could be measured by the relative residue levels in the pollen samples. Five applications were made over a period of seventeen days. Pollen samples were collected from hives placed near the field after two, three, four, and five successive applications approximately two days after each application was made. The application rates were doubled for the last two applications. The data are shown In Table I. 

Environmental Impacts Methyl parathion is highly toxic for aquatic invertebrates , and moderately toxic to mammals such as rats, dogs and rabbits . The chemical has been implicated in the deaths of waterfowl and the acute poisoning of fish, birds, cattle and wild animals. In 1995 a mixture of methyl parathion and endosulfan led to the death of over 240,000 fish in Alabama, when heavy rain washed the pesticides washed from the cotton fields and into rivers . 

The high water solubility (see below) was another reason for the very frequent use of toxaphene. It was found that the solubility of other organochlo-rines increased when they were mixed with toxaphene [10]. Consequently, toxaphene was applied in mixtures together with lindane, DDT [30], and methyl -parathion [31]. 

Figure 1. Paper chromatogram of different concentrations of a mixture of methyl parathion (A), Methyl Trithion (B), and carbo-phenothion (C) alsOy 1-gram aliquots of cleaned-up samples of control squash and wax beans...

Figure 8 is a scan of the 10-/xg mixture of methyl parathion, Methyl Trithion, and carbophenothion shown in Figure 1. 

METHYL PARATHION (298-00-0) CgHjoNOjPS Combustible solid or a flammable hydrocarbon solvent solution (commercial product). Forms explosive mixture with air [explosion limits in air (vol %) 1.0 to 7.0 (xylene) 0.7 to 7.0 (light aromatic solvent naphtha) flash point 78°F/26°C 115°F/46°C oc autoignition tenp 498°F/928°C (in xylene) 830 to 870°F/443 to 466°C (light aromatic solvent naphtha) ... 

METHYL PARATHION (298-00-0) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 115°F/46°C oc). Incompatible with oxidizers, strong bases, perchloric acid, heat. Mixtures with magnesium, endiin may be violent or explosive. Slightly decomposed by acid solutions. Rapidly decomposed by alkalis. The commercial product is a xylene solution a storage hazard an explosive risk decomposes violently at 122°F/50°C. Attacks rubber and some plastics. 

Diethyl zinc, diethylamine, hydrazine, methyl parathion in xylene and sodium hydride are in degree three (3). This degree includes liquids with a flash point below 73°F and a boiling point at or above 100°F, and liquids with a flash point at or above 73°F but below 100°F. It includes coarse dusts which will bum rapidly, but do not form explosive mixtures with air as well as materials which bum with extreme rapidity often by reason of self-contained oxygen. 

Methyl Parathion and Compressed 1967 15 Morpholine, aqueous, mixture 1760 60... 

Phenols have been phosphorylated under phase transfer conditions in the presence of a nucleophilic catalyst [31, 32]. The reaction of 4-nitrophenol with dimeth-oxythiophosphoryl chloride is ordinarily slow and leads to a mixture of the desired methyl parathion and hydrolysis products. Addition of N-methylimidazole enhanced the rate but the best results were obtained when both the imidazole and a quaternary ammonium salt (TBAB) were used at the same time. The co-catalysis was accounted for in terms of nucleophilic activation of the acylating agent by imidazole and solubilization of the phenoxide by ion pairing with the quaternary ion. The overall transformation is formulated in equation 6.13. 

Fig. 14.3. (a) Electropherograms for phenols (I), organophosphate nerve agents (II), and nitroaromatic explosives (III), and (b) Response stability for repetitive flow injection measurements with the screen-printed carbon (A) and diamond (B) electrodes. Sample mixture I phenol (1), 2-chlorophenol (2), 2,4-dichlorophenol (3), and 2,3-dichlorophenol (4). Sample II paraoxon (l), methyl parathion (2) Sample III DNB (l), TNT (2), and DNT (3). (reprinted from [ll]). 

PARATHION AHO COMPRESSED GAS MIXTURE PARATHION-HETHYL see METHYL PARATHIOM PARIS GREEK see COPPER ACETOARSEHITE PCB s see POLYCHLORIHATEO BIPHENYLS... 

In the adsorption with Tenax alone satisfactory results were obtained, while in the presence of mineral oil a considerable proportion of the organophos-phorus pesticides (particularly Malathion and Parathion-methyl) was not adsorbed and was recovered in the filtered water. This drawback can be overcome by adding a layer of Celite 545 which, in order to prevent blocking of the column, is mixed with silanised glass wool plugs. A number of analyses of surface and estuarine sea waters were carried out by this modified Tenax column and simultaneously by the liquid-liquid extraction technique. To some of the samples taken, standard mixtures of pesticides were also added, each at the level of 1 xg/l (i.e., in concentration from 13 to 500 times higher than that usually found in the waters analysed). One recovery trial also specifically concerned polychlorobiphenyls. The results obtained in these tests show that the two extraction methods, when applied to surface waters that were not filtered before extraction, yielded very similar results for many insecticides, with the exception of compounds of the DDT series, for which discordant results were frequently obtained. 

At concentrations normally encountered in environmental situations, sorption often has been observed to be relatively non-competitive. For example, Chiou et al. (1983, 1985) found no competition in the sorption of binary solutes m-dichlorobenzene and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene and between parathion and lindane. MacIntyre and deFur (1985) measured the sorption of methyl and dimethyl naphthalene, individually and as components of JP-8 and synthetic jet fuel mixtures on two sediments and montomorillonite clay in water. The sorption coefficients of the naphthalenes generally varied by less than a factor of two. 

Gas chromatography has been used [183] to determine the following at organophosphorus insecticides at the microgram per litre level in water and waste water samples Azinphos-methyl, Demeton-O, Demeton-S, Diazinon, Disulfoton, Malathion, Parathion-methyl and Parathion-ethyl. This method is claimed to offer several analytical alternatives, dependent on the analyst s assessment of the nature and extent of interferences and the complexity of the pesticide mixtures found. Specifically, the procedure uses a mixture of 15% v/v methylene chloride in hexane to extract... 

In connection with the development of an analytical method (13) for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides in human blood and urine, mass spectral confirmation of a series of methylated and ethylated derivatives of the hydrolytic and metabolic products of these insecticides was required. The urine of an individual occupationally exposed to parathion was extracted with a 1 1 (v/v) solvent mixture of acetonitrile and diethyl ether. Simultaneously, the intact organophosphorus insecticides were hydrolyzed by adding a portion of 5N hydrochloric acid to... 

Figure 3. Total ion current chromatograms of (A) standard mixture of methylated dialkylphosphatesy phosphorothio-ateSy and phosphorodithioates (2 pg) and (B) human urine extract containing methylated hydrolytic and metabolic products of parathion...

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