1 -Methyl-3-nitro-1 -nitrosoguanidine

N,N Dinitro-N-methyl- ,2-diaminoethane 1 -methyl-3-nitro-1 -nitrosoguanidine Nitric amide (nitramide)... 

Methyl-3-nitroguanidinium perchlorate, 0939 1 -Methyl-3 -nitro-1 -nitrosoguanidine, 0876 Nitric amide, 4471... 

N, iV -Dimethyl-iV, A -dinitrosooxamide, 1512 N, A -Dimethyl-A A -dinitrosoterephthalamide, 3284 N, N-Dimethyl-4-nitrosoaniline, 2980 1,2-Dimethylnitrosohydrazine, 0946 3,7-Dinitroso-l,3,5,7-tetraazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane, 1954 Dinitrosylnickel, 4741 Ethyl A-methyl-A-nitrosocarbamate, 1597 Lead(II) trinitrosobenzene-l,3,5-trioxide, 3594 1 -Methyl-3-nitro-1 -nitrosoguanidine, 0876 A-Methyl-A-nitrosomea, 0875 Nitritonitrosylnickel, 4742 A-Nitrosoacetanilide, 2949 Nitrosobenzene, 2261 A-Nitrosodiphenylamine, 3486 A-Nitrosoethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine, 1691 Nitrosoguanidine, 0481 A-Nitroso-6-hexanelactam, 2424... 

Methyl-8-nitronaphthalene-l-sulfonyl chloride, 3385b 1 -Methyl-3-nitro-1 -nitrosoguanidine, 0872... 

Methyl-3-nitro-1 -nitrosoguanidine, 0872 l-Methyl-3-nitroguanidinium nitrate, 0943 l-Methyl-3-nitroguanidinium perchlorate, 0935 Methylenebis(3-nitramino-4-methylfurazan), 2819 Methylenebis(nitramine), 0481 Nitric amide, 1597... 

Carlson, D.B., D.E. Williams, J.M. Spitsbergen, P.F. Ross, C.W. Bacon, F.I. Meredith and R.T. Riley. Fumonisin B-l promotes aflatoxin B-l and A -methyl-W -nitro-nitrosoguanidine-initiated liver tumors in rainbow trout. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 172 29-36, 2001. 

Orner, G.A., J.D. Hendricks, D. Arbogast and D.E. Williams. Modulation of A -methyl-A -nitro-nitrosoguanidine multiorgan carcinogenesis by dehydroepiandrosterone in rainbow trout. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 141 548-554, 1996. 

Recent work from the laboratories of Berger (16) and Jacobson (127) demonstrated that lymphocyte cell lines derived from normal donors typically increased poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis in response to V-methyl-V -nitro-nitrosoguanidine or UV irradiation. These treatments also stimulated unscheduled DNA synthesis. In contrast, longterm lymphocyte cell lines derived from patients with xeroderma pigmentosum and known to be defective in their ability to repair UV-induced damage showed a normal to exaggerated poly(ADP-ribose)... 

Finally, studies in the UV-sensitive XP cells also showed a divergence between SCE and chromosome aberrations. XP is abnormally sensitive to induction of chromosome aberrations by certain chemicals such as 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4-NQO), whereas other chemicals such as A -methyl--nitro-A -nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) produce the same amount of chromosome aberration in XP and normal cells. Wolff et showed that XP cells are consistently more sensitive than... 

KIM J p, PARK J G, LEE M D, HAN M D, PARK s T, LEE B H, JUNG se(1985) Co-carcinogenic effects of several Korean foods on gastric cancer induced by N-methyl-N -nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in rats. . Jpn J Surg. 15 427-37. 

TATSUTA M, iisHi H, BABA M, YANO H, UEHARA H, NAKAizuMi A (1999) Attenuation by genistein of sodiirm-chloride enhanced gastric carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N -nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. Int J Cancer. 80 396-9. 

WATANABE H, UESAKA T, KIDO S, ISHIMURA Y, SHIRAKI K, KURAMOTO K, HIRATA S, SHOJI S, KATOH o, FUJIMOTO N (1999) Influence of concomitant miso or NaCl treatment on induction of gastric cancer tumours by N-methyl-N -nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. Oncol Rep. 6 989-93. 

Mutants were induced by N-methyl-N -nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis [15]. Strains were selected on the basis of the size of halos on the basic medium (hff -5) [5]. 

Velmurugan, B., Bhuvaneswari, V., Burra, U.K., and Nagini, S. 2002. Prevention of N-methyl-N -nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine and saturated sodium chloride-induced gastric carcinogenesis in Wistar rats by lycopene. Eur J Cancer Prev 11 19-26. 

A comparison of structures of V-methyl-V-nitroso-p-nitrobenzamide, N,N -dimethyl-V-nitrosourea, V-methyl-V-nitrosourea, 2-nitroso-2-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-one to those of V-methyl-V -nitro-V-nitrosoguanidine and V,V -dimethyl-V"-cyano-V-nitrosoguanidine shows that the N—N and C—NNO bond lengths in the nitroguanidines44 are similar to those found in the nitrosoamides, but that the corresponding bonds in... 

In rats, taurocholate enhances stomach tumourigen- 100 esis induced by N-methyl-N -nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. 

O. Kobori, T. Shimizu, M. Maeda, Y. Atomi, J. Watanabe, M. Shoji and Y. Morioka, Enhancing effect of bile and bile acid on stomach tumouri-genesis induced by N-methyl-N -nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in Wistar rats, J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 1984, 73(4), 853. 

Few split-dose experiments have been performed with chemicals. Popescu et aL (1984) observed that with split doses of carcinogen separated by 2 to 24 hours only N-acetoxy-2-fluorenylacetamide enhanced transformation of Syrian hamster embryo ceUs while doses of N-methyl-N -nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, mitomycin C or ultraviolet light were less effective than single doses, and no effect of dose fractionation was observed with methyl methanesulfonate. 

Jacobs, L. and DeMars, R. (1978). Quantification of chemical mutagenesis in diploid human fibroblasts induction of azaguanine-resistant mutants by N-methyl N -nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, Mutat. Res. 53,29. 

Montesano, R., Saint Vincent, L., and Tomatis, L. (1973). Malignant transformation in vitro of rat liver cells by dimethylnitrosamine and N-methyl-N -nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, Br. J. Cancer 28,215. 

Narisawa, T., Magadia. N.E., Weisburger, J.H., AND Wynder, E.L. (1974). Promoting effect of bile acids on colon carcinogenesis after intrarec-tal instillation of N-methyl-N -nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in rats, J. NatL Cancer Inst. 55,1093. 

Nagata, C., loki, Y., Kodama, M., Tagashira, Y., and Nakadate, M. (1973). Free radical induced in rat liver by a chemical carcinogen, N-methyl-N -nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. Ill, 1031-1047. 

Kim, D. J., B. W. Ahn, B. S. Han, and H. Tsuda. 1997. Potential preventive effects of Chelidonium majis L. (Papaveraceae) herb extract on glandular stomach tumor development in rats treated with V-methyl-V -nitro-V nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and hypertonic sodium chloride. Cancer Lett. 112 203-208. 

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