Mesenchymal tumors

In the NTP (1986) study, male mice had marginally increased incidences of hepatocellular tumors and mesenchymal tumors of the integumentary system at 500 mg/kg/day and of malignant lymphomas at 250 mg/kg/day. NTP (1986) considered this evidence to be equivocal because the study showed marginal increases in neoplasms related to isophorone exposure. The doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg/day are indicated in Table 2-2 and Figure 2-2 as CELs for carcinogenicity in mice. There was no evidence of carcinogenicity in female rats or mice. 

Eriksson M, Hardell L, Berg NO, et al. 1979. Case-control study on malignant mesenchymal tumors of the soft tissue and exposure to chemical substances. Lakartidningen 76 3872-3875. 

Kane, AB Brown University, Providence, Rl Pathogenesis of mesenchymal tumors induced by asbestos NIEHS... 

Suarez A, McDowell El, NIaudet P, Comoy E, and Flamant F. Long term follow up of Ifosfamide renal toxicity in children treated for malignant mesenchymal tumors an International society of pediatric oncology report. J Clin Oncol, 9 2177-2182,1991... 

Focal nodular hyperplasia Diffuse nodular hyperplasia Mesenchymal Tumors ... 

Osteomalacia and rickets may also occur because of phosphate depletion. The most common cause of rickets in the United States is hypophosphatemic osteomalacia (also known as hypophosphatemic vitamin D-resistant rickets and vitamin D-resistant rickets).This disorder is an X-linked dominant inherited trait characterized by renal phosphate wasting. Tubular phosphate wasting can also occur sporadically in adults and as part of Fanconi syndrome. Certain rare mesenchymal tumors may also produce a phosphaturic factor (phosphatonin or FGF-23), resultmg in renal phosphate wasting and osteomalacia. 

Low incidences of epithelial tumors (8.6%) and mesenchymal tumors (14.5%) developed in the kidneys of rats following treatment with 8 mg NDMA/kg/day for 6 days (McGiven and Ireton 1972, Ireton et al. 1972). Evaluation of these data is complicated by the lack of a control group. 

Vimentin is a 57-kD protein that was initially isolated from a mouse fibroblast culture7>" Its name derives from the Latin vimentum, describing an array of flexible rods. This IFP is considered to be the primordial member of the intermediate filament family, because it is present in most, if not all, fetal cells early in development. Moreover, when two or more IFPs are coexpressed by a cell line or neoplasm, vimentin is virtually always one of them." Accordingly, vimentin is not considered to be cell type-specific. From the perspective of mesenchymal tumor pathology, it is of interest that vimentin shows... 

Mechtersheimer G, Moller P. Expression of Ki-1 antigen (GD30) in mesenchymal tumors. Cancer. 1990 66 1732-1737. 

Kanitakis J, Bourchany D, Claudy A. Expression of the CDIO antigen (neutral endopeptidase) by mesenchymal tumors of the skin. Anticancer Res. 2000 20 3539-3544. 

FIGURE 8.7 Smooth muscle neoplasm (A) shows scattered CAMS.2-positive cells (B), a typical focal pattern of immunostaining for keratin seen in a variety of mesenchymal tumors. 

Pachter MR, Lattes R. Mesenchymal tumors of the mediastinum. I. Tumors of fibrous tissue, adipose tissue, smooth muscle, and striated muscle. Cancer. 1963 16 74-94. 

Altman DA, Nickoloff BJ, Fivenson DP. Differential expression of factor Xllla and CD34 in cutaneous mesenchymal tumors. J Cutan Pathol. 1993 20 154-158. 

Zhu X, Zhang XQ, Li BM, et al. Esophageal mesenchymal tumors endoscopy, pathology and immunohistochemistry. World J Gastroenterol. 2007 13 768-773. 

Ng TL, Gown AM, Barry TS, et al. Nuclear beta-catenin in mesenchymal tumors. Mod Pathol. 2005 18 68-74. 

Classic AMLs are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the kidney. They are composed of variable proportions of adipose cells and spindle and epithelioid smooth muscle cells admixed with and at times appearing to emanate from abnormal thick-walled blood vessels (Eig. 16.39). In patients with TSC, multiple bilateral renal AMLs are found during the third and fourth decades of life. Sporadic AMLs are larger single lesions occurring in older patients. 

Tumors derived from the sex cords or ovarian mesenchyme compose 5% to 12% of all ovarian neo-plasms. 413 Benign tumors in the fibroma-thecoma group are relatively common. Other sex cord-stromal tumors and mesenchymal tumors are rare. The most common malignant sex cord- stromal tumor is granulosa cell tumor, which composes 1% of 2% of all malignant ovarian tumors. There are two types of granulosa cell tumors an adult type that occurs mainly in postmenopausal... 

Medeiros F, Erickson-Johnson MR, Keeney GL, et al. Frequency and characterization of HMGA2 and HMGAl rearrangements in mesenchymal tumors of the lower genital tract. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2007 46 981-990. 

---