Matching markets

There is no limit to the number of reactor grades that can be produced. The product mix can be adjusted to match market demand and economical product ranges. Advantages for the tubular reactor design with low residence time are easy and quick transitions, startup and shutdown. 

If the raw material for plant B is the product of plant A on the same site and owned by the same company, then the price that plant B pays to plant A is known as a transfer price. Whenever realistic, transfer prices should be set by open market prices. This reflects the reality that plant A could sell its product on the open market or plant B could similarly buy its feed. Some cases when transfer prices do not match market prices include... 

The value of a particular crude to a refiner depends on its quality and whether he can economically obtain a satisfactory product pattern that matches market demand (market pull). In the main, the refiner is not concerned with the actual chemical nature of the material but in methods of analysis that would provide information sufficient to assess the potential quality of the oil, to supply preliminary engineering data, and also to indicate whether any difficulties might arise in handling, refining, or transporting petroleum or its products. Such information may be obtained in one of two ways ... 

We realize that putting minorities and women into community-related or urban branches was an attempt by Big Bank to leverage their employment diversity using an Access and Legitimacy paradigm. They were simply trying to match market and customer base, which was what one Big Bank manager saw as a benefit to a multicultural workforce. 

We consider a one-buyer, one-supplier basic model where the players could either trade through an intermediary, or via a direct matching market (their outside option). The players hold private information on their costs, established based on their respective outside options. The supplier holds private information on her opportunity cost 5, which takes values on the interval [51,52] with a prior probability density function /(5), and cumulative distribution function F s). Similarly, the buyer holds private information on her willingness to pay level V, taking on the interval [v, V2 y with cumulative distribution G, and den-... 

By the revelation principle (Section 3.2), it is sufficient to consider an incentive compatible direct mechanism. In other words, regardless of the mechanism constructed by the intermediary, given the equilibrium of the mechanism, we can construct an equivalent incentive compatible direct mechanism, where the buyer and the supplier report their respective valuations to the intermediary, and the intermediary determines if the trade is to take place. If so, she determines the buyer s payment and the suppliers revenue. Otherwise, the players take their outside options in a direct matching market. Let T(/3,p, w) represents the direct revelation mechanism, where /3(s, v) is the probability that the trade will take place, p(s, v) is the expected payment to be made by the buyer to the intermediary (the asked price), and w(s, v) is the expected payment from the intermediary to the supplier (the bid price), where s and v are the valuations given by the supplier and buyer, respectively. As mentioned above, the intermediary is aware of the buyer and the supplier s outside options as random variables characterized by distributions G and F, respectively. Based on this information the intermediary establishes the buyer s virtual willingness to pay follows ... 

Mixed oxides, typically containing bismuth and molybdenum, are used as catalysts and these have been improved over the years so that the conversion of propylene to acrylonitrile is now over 80% per pass through the reactor. HCN is produced in a side reaction and is used mainly to make acetonitrile or methyl methacrylate [23]. Acetic acid and acetic anhydride, which are made in high yields by the carbonylation of methanol and methyl acetate, respectively, using an iodine promoted rhodium catalyst, can now be made in a variable ratio, to match market demand, using the same plant [24]. 

One drawback of this simple process is lack of flexibility to target chain lengths to match market... 

Barbir, F., T. Maloney, T. Molter, and F. Tombaugh, Fuel Cell Stack and System Development Matching Market to Technology Status, in Proc. 2002 Fuel Cell Seminar (Palm Springs, CA, November 18-21, 2002), pp. 948-951. 

From 1910 onward waste filament yam had been chopped into short lengths suitable for use on the machinery designed to process cotton and wool staples into spun yams. In the 1930s new plants were built specifically to supply the staple fiber markets. During World War II the production of staple matched that of filament, and by 1950, staple viscose was the most important product. The new spun-yam oudets spawned a series of viscose developments aimed at matching the characteristics of wool and cotton more closely. Viscose rayon was, after all, silk-like. Compared with wool it lacked bulk, residence, and abrasion resistance. Compared to cotton, it was weaker, tended to shrink and crease more easily, and had a rather lean, limp hand. 

Some 98% of all these light sources are used for tobacco products and although disposable lighters continue to gain market share from matches, the overall lights market has begun to decline. Annual sales for the U.S. match industry in 1992 were approximately 60 x 10 . ... 

Scale-Up Principles. Key factors affecting scale-up of reactor performance are nature of reaction zones, specific reaction rates, and mass- and heat-transport rates to and from reaction sites. Where considerable uncertainties exist or large quantities of products are needed for market evaluations, intermediate-sized demonstration units between pilot and industrial plants are usehil. Matching overall fluid flow characteristics within the reactor might determine the operative criteria. Ideally, the smaller reactor acts as a volume segment of the larger one. Elow distributions are not markedly influenced by... 

Market Access. Technology organizations must understand the value chain, ie, the sources of demand for the firm s products and services the technologies used by customers, learned through a vibrant appHcations development effort and the ways ia which technological solutions can affect demand. This overall effort requires close contact with the firm s marketing function and with customers ia their markets, so that technologies and markets can be matched. 

Styrene is manufactured from ethylbenzene. Ethylbenzene [100-41-4] is produced by alkylation of benzene with ethylene, except for a very small fraction that is recovered from mixed Cg aromatics by superfractionation. Ethylbenzene and styrene units are almost always installed together with matching capacities because nearly all of the ethylbenzene produced commercially is converted to styrene. Alkylation is exothermic and dehydrogenation is endothermic. In a typical ethylbenzene—styrene complex, energy economy is realized by advantageously integrating the energy flows of the two units. A plant intended to produce ethylbenzene exclusively or mostly for the merchant market is also not considered viable because the merchant market is small and sporadic. 

Producing the chlorobenzenes higher than mono- can pose significant process problems because production must match the market or the unwanted material must be destroyed. Use must be found for the HCl by-product and CI2 must be available at a reasonable price. 

Automotive Refinish Paints. Paint for appHcation to automobiles after they have left the assembly plant is a significant market. Although some of this paint is used for fuU repainting, especiaHy of commercial tmcks, most is used for repairs after accidents, commonly just one door or part of a fender, and so forth. In order to be able to serve this market, it is necessary to supply paints that match the colors of aH cars and tmcks, both domestic and imported, that have been manufactured over the previous ten years or so. Repair paints for the larger volume car colors are manufactured and stocked, but for the smaller volume colors formulas are suppHed by the coatings manufacturer to the paint distributor that permit a reasonable color match for any car by mixing standard bases. 

A large portion of the cost of any manufactured item is represented by labor. Although labor rates are more and more becoming similar in most parts of the country, factors such as skill, labor relations, and the general welfare of the work force affect labor productivity and efficiency. Each region being considered for plant location must be suiveyed to determine the availability and the skills of the labor market. The skills need not exactly match with those... 

There are a variety of chemicals that are toxic and used in the drilling fluid makeup. Chromates and asbestos were once commonly used and are now off the market. A mud inventory should be kept for all drilling additives. Included in the inventory are the material safety data sheets (MSDS) that describe each material s pertinent characteristics. The chemicals found on the MSDS sheet should be compared with the priority pollutants and any material should be eliminated if a match is found. The chemicals should also be checked on arrival for breakage and returned to the vendor if defective packaging is found. All mud additives should be housed in a dry area and properly cared for to prevent waste. Chemicals should always be mixed in packaged proportions. Wasted chemicals, ejected to the reserve pit by untrained personnel, can present future liabilities to the operator. 

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