Preventing waste

Wastewater Treatment Engineering Bureau of Land Water Quality Last update 03/12/01. Wastewater Treatment Engineering, Technieal Assistance and Pollution Prevention. Waste Treatment Go to the following web site http //janus.state.me.us/dep/blwq/engin.htm. 

There are a variety of chemicals that are toxic and used in the drilling fluid makeup. Chromates and asbestos were once commonly used and are now off the market. A mud inventory should be kept for all drilling additives. Included in the inventory are the material safety data sheets (MSDS) that describe each material s pertinent characteristics. The chemicals found on the MSDS sheet should be compared with the priority pollutants and any material should be eliminated if a match is found. The chemicals should also be checked on arrival for breakage and returned to the vendor if defective packaging is found. All mud additives should be housed in a dry area and properly cared for to prevent waste. Chemicals should always be mixed in packaged proportions. Wasted chemicals, ejected to the reserve pit by untrained personnel, can present future liabilities to the operator. 

A wide variety of federal regulations as well as state and local laws govern the supply of water to domestic and industrial premises. Within these are included the statutory undertakings for preventing waste, undue consumption, misuse and contamination of water supplied by the various authorities. 

The need for building control arose primarily to protect the health and safety of the population and, latterly, to conserve fuel and power and prevent waste. Local and State Building Regulations give standards of performance necessary in the building and, as such, make reference to national and international standards and codes of practice. The regulations cover two areas of health and safety and can be subdivided as follows ... 

Prevent waste. Waste should be prevented rather than treated or cleaned up after it has been created. 

Process economy, by preventing waste generation. This represents a much superior approach to waste treatment ... 

It is better to prevent waste than to treat or clean up waste after it has been created. 

The UNIDO project Demonstration of Cleaner Production Techniques 11 demonstrates that the concept of preventing wastes at their source as opposed to end-of-pipe treatment is as applicable and profitable in developing countries as in developed countries. The experience gained as well as the demonstrations produced will be of great value in the promotion and implementation of a Cleaner Production Program. 

MPRS A MPRS A prevents waste from an RCRA generator or TSDF from being deposited into the... 

There are two major areas of overlap between MPRSA and RCRA. MPRSA prevents waste from an RCRA generator or TSDF from being deposited into the ocean, except in accordance with a separate MPRSA permit. In addition, dredged materials subject to the requirement of an MPRSA permit are not considered as hazardous wastes under RCRA.2... 

To prevent waste movement (in air, surface water, and groundwater)... 

It will prevent waste or liquid from escaping to the soil or water for the life of the tank. 

The aspect of environmental protection by using electrochemical methods is also stressed in the last contribution. Electrochemistry not only offers new methods for waste treatment (curative environmental protection) but even more important also the possibility of preventing waste formation by using electrochemical production processes (preventive environmental protection). In the latter case,... 

Good operating practices prevent waste by better handling of feedstocks and products without making significant modifications to current production technology ... 

Finley et al. [32] have developed a system to meet the various challenges offered by this automation, i.e. an actuator mechanism capable of both wasting and collecting metered doses. In addition, this actuator was required to shake the canisters and prevent waste actuations from entering the laboratory environment without the need for a dedicated fume hood. 

Collecting a waste actuation from a canister is very similar to that of a sample actuation. The only difference is that the mechanism lowers into a waste chamber rather than a sample container. This waste chamber prevents waste actuations from entering the laboratory environment. 

The United Nations Industrial Development Organization [39-41] and Ausubel and Sladovich [4] emphasize the importance of cleaner production, pollution prevention, waste minimization, sustainable development, zero emission, materials substimtion, dematerialization, decarbonization, functional economic analysis, and IE indicators. These ways and means for analysis and design of industrial ecology are described separately herein. 

Wong, J.M. Pollution prevention/waste minimization in California petroleum refineries. OCEESA J. 2002, 19, 1. 

Glycolysis and gluconeogenesis are reciprocally regulated to prevent wasteful operation of both pathways at the same time. 

In June, 1990, the EPA and International Association for Clean Technology (IACT) are holding an international conference in Washington, D.C. to explore the innovative technologies and socio-economic issues related to pollution prevention/waste reduction. This three-day conference will examine principles and effects in the adoption of clean technologies and clean products throughout the world community. 

This book analyzes alternatives to land disposal of hazardous metal waste streams, focusing on methods that prevent waste generation. Source reduction, recycling, and treatment strategies are examined. 

To prevent waste, the receiver should be followed by a flask containing methyl alcohol, and fitted with a calcium chloride tube. The apparatus should be placed in a hood behind a screen of thick plate-glass because anhydrous hydrazoic acid is very liable to explode violently at room temp. The hands should be protected by heavy gloves, and the face by a mask with plate-glass goggles. For phosphorus pentoxide as a desiccating agent, vide infra. 

An example of a situation demonstrating how SOPs can add value to an organization by preventing wasted effort is presented below. After our organization introduced SOPs for field residue testing, the individual responsible for a previous application of test mixture was checking the procedures he had used for calculating the amount of material applied with the method outlined in the SOP. 

A set of plastic or stainless steel measuring spoons will facilitate transferring chemicals from the bottle to the scales. They will help to prevent wasteful spills, which can cause contamination. Do not overfill the spoon transfer a little at a time to prevent spilling. 

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