Manufacturing standardized parts

For most process applications, the materia s of construction can be accommodated to fit both the corrosive-erosive and mechanical strength requirements. Manufacturers have established standard materials which will fit a large percentage of the applications, and often only a few parts need to be changed to adapt the valve to a corrosive service. Typical standard parts are (See Figures 7-3, 7-3A, and 7-4)... 

In all applications, matching belts should be used in a belt set. This practice ensures the best service life of the belts and proper power transmission. Because of the need for uniformity in cross-section and length, belt manufacturers have adopted industry standards intended to assure such uniformity. However, no two belts are ever exactly alike due to manufacturing tolerances. Therefore, a matched set is considered the closest match of belts available from a manufacturer. As part of the quality control process, belt manufacturers group them based on variations in cross-section and length in order to provide the best possible belt set. 

Standard costing is usually thought of in connection with manufacturing production but can be used with advantage in the measurement of the efficiency of supporting plant and equipment. Most readers of this book will already be familiar with the measurement of efficiencies against, for example, manufacturers standards for a specific item of equipment. The standards related to such plant will themselves play a part in setting the production standards mentioned above. 

This task is a standard part of the manufacturing process with polymer concentrations between 10 and 85%. Depending on the manufacturing process, the solvent (in the case of solution polymerization) or monomer (in the case of bulk polymerization) must be removed from the polymer, which may not contain more than the legally admissible or market-dictated residual components at the end of the process. 

Close liaison between QA and production will more efficiently blend the reliability of an independent QC operation with the higher initial manufacturing standards of the positively motivated manufacturing operator. This degree of motivation has proved achievable using the well-documented techniques of quality circles and company programmes of continuous improvement i.e. parts of total quality . 

Moreover, a complete characterization of all the chemical constituents from a natural product is often unknown. Unlike pharmaceuticals, botanical products are complex mixtures in which the active ingredients may be unknown or only partially characterized. For several herbal products, the active ingredient or the quantity necessary for effectiveness has not been determined. For example, some manufacturers standardize St. John s wort according to its hypericin content, which is only 1-10 identified active components in this herb. Additionally, the chanical makeup of a natural product may vary depending on the part of the plant processed (stems, leaves, roots, etc.), seasonality, and growing conditions. ... 

In conventional manufacturing of the doorway structure as practiced until now, apart from the standard parts such as rivets, rings, and pegs, 64 milling parts were cut from semifinished aluminum materials with very low utilization of material. Afterwards, those parts were joined by about 500 rivets. 

It was the goal of Diaz et al. 2010 to study the effect of these aspects as well as that of the manufacturing environment and degree of automation on the life-cycle energy requirements of milling machine tools. This analysis of two milling machines placed in three environments quantified the C02-equivalent emissions associated with producing a standardized part... 

Manufacturing is based on the idea of standardized parts. Standardized parts are also caked interchangeable parts. The basic idea behind interchangeable parts is that hundreds or thousands of identical parts are made first, and then products are assembled from the parts. Remember, before modern manufacturing, individual craftsmen made each product by hand, one at a time. Mass production is the manufacture of large numbers of identical pieces (interchangeable parts). These two developments—mass production and interchangeable parts—were the major factors that enable you to find replacement parts for products at different stores. 

A detaU drawing is done to give production departments all the information required to manufacture the part. Every part required in an assembly, except standard or bought-out items wiU have its own detail drawing. 

Chapter 11 contains mechanical and electrical data on hundreds of plastics in tabular form. These data are described in the standard ISO 10350-1 1998, which is titled Plastics—Acquisition and Presentation of Comparable Single-point Data— Part 1 Moulding Materials. This standard ISO 10350 identifies specific test procedures for the acquisition and presentation of comparable data for many basic properties of plastics. The properties included are often in manufacturers technical data sheets. All the data are defined by ISO standards rather than ASTM standards. Part 1 applies to unreinforced and reinforced thermoplastic and thermosetting materials. While similar ASTM standard-... 

Commodity components— readUy available standard parts used in manufacturing of many end-products. 

Once the size and shape of the board is decided on, any areas on the board that cannot be used for parts are defined using fill areas that prevent parts placement within their perimeter. The proper parts placement should result in a cost-effective design and meet manufacturing standards. Critical lines may not allow vias in which case they must be routed only on the surface. Feedback loops must be kept short and equal line length requirements and shielding requirements, if any, should be met. Layout could be on a grid with components oriented in one direction to increase assembly speed, eliminate errors, and improve inspection. Devices should be placed parallel to the edges of the board (ASM, 1989 Byers, 1991). 

Product is... Maintained in a finished goods state Manufactured, assembled or configured from standard parts Designed, manufactured and assembled from standard and custom parts... 

Tec 1 is manufacturing assembled or configured from standard parts Tec 1 is completed after receipt of a customer order... 

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