Lymphatic system nodes

Lymphatic system The tissues and organs that produce, store, and carry white blood cells that fight infection and disease. This system includes the bone marrow, spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes and a network of thin tubes that carry lymph and white blood cells. 

Three main routes exist for the spread of cancer cells throughout the body. These involve the lymphatic system, the blood system, and direct extension into body cavities. Spread by the lymphatic system is thought to be important for carcinomas. The walls of these channels offer little mechanical resistance to penetration by tumor cells. Malignant cells readily invade the walls of these vessels and are carried to regional lymph nodes. In the lymph node, the cancer cells can arrest, proliferate and produce a metastatic tumor. Malignant cells may later detach from the lymph node and be carried in the bloodstream to other sites throughout the body. 

The pulmonary lymphatic system contributes to the clearance of fluid and protein from the lung tissue interstitium and helps to prevent fluid accumulation in the lungs [108], The lymphatic endothelium allows micron-sized particles (e.g. lipoproteins, plasma proteins, bacteria and immune cells) to pass freely into the lymph fluid [103], After administration of aerosolised ultrafine particles into rats, particles were found in the alveolar walls and in pulmonary lymph nodes [135], which suggests that drainage into the lymph may contribute to the air-to-blood transport of the inhaled particles. 

Some of the blood plasma, as well as some of the white cells, filters through the walls of the blood vessels and out into the tissues. This filtered plasma (lymph) is a clear and colorless fluid that returns to the blood through a series of canals referred to as the lymphatic system. This system contains filters (lymph nodes) which remove bacteria and other debris from the lymph. These nodes, especially those located in the neck, armpit, and groin, may become swollen when an infection occurs in a nearby site. Blood clots do not occur normally wliile the blood is ill the vessels. But in an injury, one of the plasma proteins (fibrin) forms a mesh in which the blood cells arc trapped, and this mesh is the clot. Blood scrum is Uie yellowish fluid left after the cells and fibrin have been removed from the blood. 

A variety of diseases affect the lymphatic system early in their time course. For example, many cancers spread by lymphatic dissemination, and HIV, fungal, and bacterial infections are located primarily in the lymph nodes. The high prevalence of lymph node involvement in disease is due to the role of lymphatic tissue in the provision of the body s immune response. Intralymphatic and interstitial administration are two efficient access routes. However, the oral route may also prove to be important for the lymphatic uptake of lipophilic drags and macromolecules. 

Lymph vessels These are part of the lymphatic system, made up of vessels, nodes and organs such as the spleen and tonsils. Important funchons for the body include internal defensive mechanisms. The lymph vessels form a tubular network throughout the body carrying a fluid called lymph. Lymph is made up of a colourless fluid containing white blood cells that is collected from the tissues of the body. The lymph vessels pick up and regulate the tissue fluid formed by the bloodstream, which bathes and nourishes the cells. The lymph is circulated through the lymphatic vessels and is eventually returned to the bloodstream. 

As mentioned earlier, the s.c. route for delivery of anticancer agents could prevent the metastatic spread of tumors that occurs often through the lymphatic system. However, a number of limiting factors, such as incomplete absorption of drug-loaded liposomes, which would increase, for example, the toxicity of the released drug at the surrounding tissue and the development of tumors in the regional lymph nodes could limit the therapeutic potential of liposomes. 

Development of the lymphatic system begins with the invagination of endothelial cells from veins and the formation of lymphoid sacs. At the location of the lymph sacs, connective tissue protrudes into these lymph sacs, forming the very first anlagen of the lymph nodes. At this moment, differentiation of mesenchymal cells into specialized cells, known as lymphoid organizer cells, initiates the formation of lymph nodes. 

The lymphatic system is the body s network of organs, ducts, and tissues that filter harmful substances out of the fluid that surrounds body tissues. Lymphatic organs include the bone marrow, thymus, spleen, appendix, tonsils, adenoids, lymph nodes, and Peyer s patches (in... 

Lymphocytes are the lymphatic system s foot soldiers. These cells identify enemy particles and attempt to destroy them. Lymphocytes fall into two general categories T lymphocytes (T cells) and B lymphocytes (B cells). T cells form in the thymus (in the chest), and B cells form in the bone marrow of the long, thick bones of the thigh, arm, spine, or pelvis. While T cells primarily attack viral antigens, B cells attack bacterial antigens. Both T and B cells travel in lymph, through lymphatic vessels, and into lymph nodes. 

Although lymph nodes commonly enlarge to fight infection, an overwhelming infection can leave a lymph node and travel through the lymphatic system to other nodes and even to other body tissues. Cancer can... 

The lymphatic system, also known as the immune system, defends the body against microorganisms and other foreign bodies. Additionally, the lymphatic system transports fluids from the body s tissues to the blood, thus helping to control fluid balance in the body. This system also absorbs substances from the digestive system. The organs of the lymphatic system include the lymph, lymph nodes, lymph vessels, thymus, spleen, and tonsils. 

You might not know much about your lymphatic system, but it is critical to great health. The lymphatic system (or lymph system) is a complex network of fluid-filled nodes, glands, and tubes that bathe our cells and carry cellular waste to the bloodstream. In many ways, it is comparable to a street sweeper, sweeping up dirt and debris and carrying it out of our tissues. Your diet and lifestyle determine how quickly your lymphatic system eliminates acidic wastes. 

---