Bacterial antigens

AN AMPEROMETRIC ENZYME IMMUNOSENSOR BASED ON SCREEN-PRINTED ELECTRODE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE BACTERIAL ANTIGEN... 

The aim of our investigation was the development of the amperometric enzyme immunosensor for the determination of Klebsiella pneumoniae bacterial antigen (Ag), causes the different inflammatory diseases. The biosensing pail of the sensors consisted of the enzyme (cholinesterase) and antibodies (Ab) immobilized on the working surface of the screen-printed electrode. Bovine seiaim albumin was used as a matrix component. 

The working conditions of the immunosensor (enzyme and antigen concentrations, dilutions of the antibodies, pH of the buffer solution) were found. The cholinesterase immobilized demonstrated the maximum catalytic activity in phosphate buffer solution with pH 8.0. The analytical chai acteristics of the sensor - the interval of the working concentrations and detection limit - have been obtained. The proposed approach of immunoassay made possible to detect 5T0 mg/ml of the bacterial antigen. 

FIGURE 11 igG antibody levels in bovine milk following a single iir-niunization with long-acting bacterial antigen microspheres. 

La Scolea, L. Diagnosis of paediatric infections using bacterial antigen detection systems. Clin. Microbiol. Newsletter 1998,10,21-23. 

First clinical trial using recombinant bacterial antigen delivered... 

Helper T Lymphocytes (CD4) recognize viral or bacterial antigens together with MHC class II molecules on surface of antigen presenting cell, such as a macrophage. Interaction leads to cytokine secretion, initiating a cascade of iimnune reactions. 

NT074 Haq, T. A., H. S. Mason, J. D. Clements, and C. J. Arntzen. Oral immunization with a recombinant bacterial antigen produced in trans-... 

IV. Immunological Aspects of Complex Fucans 1. Bacterial Antigens... 

Dideoxyhexoses. Several bacterial antigenic determinants with the general structure of 3,6-dideoxyhexoses occur in the cell wall of Pasteurella and Salmonella strains. Most of the transformations reported so far occur as cytidine nucleotides (see Table I, References 15, 16, 17, 18, 19). Here, again the first step is the transformation of the cytidine diphospho-linked glucose into its corresponding 4-keto derivative. By at least two distinct steps, requiring NADPH, reduction to several different 3,6-dideoxyhexoses have been reported. One 3,6-dideoxyhexose CDP-tyvelose (3,6-dideoxy-D-arabino hexose) is formed by a specific 2-epimer-ase from CDP-paratose (24). 

Kakizaki E, Yoshida T, Kawakami H, Oseto M, Sakai T, Sakai M. Detection of bacterial antigens using immuno-PCR. Lett Appl Microbiol 1996 23(2) 101-103. 

Haq TA, Mason HS, Clements JD, Arntzen CJ (1995) Oral Immunization with a Recombinant Bacterial-Antigen Produced in Transgenic Plants. Science 268(5211) 714-716 Hewitt MC, Seeberger PH (2001) Solution and solid-support synthesis of a potential leishmaniasis carbohydrate vaccine. J Org Chem 66(12) 4233 4243 Hillery AM, Florence AT (1996) The effect of adsorbed poloxamer 188 and 407 surfactants on the intestinal uptake of 60-nm polystyrene particles after oral administration in the rat. Int JPharm 132(1-2) 123-130... 

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