Lupin beans

Sparteine occnrs in yellow and black lupin beans (Lupinus luteus L. and L. niger). It also occnrs in other Lupinus species as well as in Cytisus and Spartium species. Therapentically, it is used as an oxytocic agent. 

Sparteine is an alkaloid obtained from lupin beans with antiarrhythmic and oxytocic properties. It has a tetracyclic aliphatic structure with two tertiary alicyclic nitrogens. Since sparteine does not contain a chromophore, it cannot be detected with UV or FL. Therefore, Moncrieff (1990) developed a method of detecting sparteine, and its dehydro metabolites, in urine with... 

A few poisoning cases have been reported in literature, all related to the consumption of raw lupin seeds [46, 47]. There are some cases of acute toxicity in humans who ate lupin beans, which had not been previously debittered. These subjects suffered from blurry vision, dry mouth, facial flushing, and confusion [46,47]. 

VCD investigation of a CCI4 solution of (-)-sparteine [26] - the alkaloid from lupin beans - and comparison of the experimental results with calculations using the new EXC theory gave adequate agreement for such a large molecule. 

Raw soybeans also maybe used as a supplemental protein source. Dry beans, ie, beans normally harvested in the green / imm a tiire state, fava beans, lupins, field peas, lentils, and other grain legumes are potential supplemental protein sources however, several of these may have deleterious effects, predominantly enzyme inhibition, on the animal. The supply of each is limited (5). 

A Phenylthalamic Acid. A product of Hungary, A/-phenylthalamic acid [4727-29-1] (Nevirol) (43), is a ben2oic acid derivative not sold in the United States. It is used to increase pollination and results in setting more fmit when weather conditions are unfavorable for normal ferti1i2ation. It is employed in both greenhouses and fields on apples, beans, cherries, lupine, peas, peppers, soybeans, and sunflower (23). 

Garlic, sweet potato, wheat, barley, sunflower, bean (mung), sesame, lupine, strawberry, artichke (Jerusalem), bean (kidney), bean (lima), groundnut/peanut Moderately sensitive (1.0-2.0ppm)... 

Evidence of the Effects of foliar a on - cereals - sugar beets - maize - potato - snap bean alkaloidal plant growth stimulation pplication of lupine extracts... 

Makri, E., Papalamprou, E., Doxastakis, G. (2005). Study of functional properties of seed storage proteins from indigenous European legume crops (lupin, pea, broad bean) in admixture with polysaccharides. Food Hydrocolloids, 19, 583-594. 

The level of the raffinose family of oligosaccharides has been shown to decrease during the germination of seeds of various species (see also, Ref. 12), notably, barley,618 broad bean,22 coffee,630 com,631 cotton,20,8318 lupin,632 pea,833,834 Pinus sp.,635,638 rice,637 runner bean,822 soy-... 

Legume seeds, their product and by-products Chickpeas as seeds ervil as seeds chickling vetch as seeds submitted to an appropriate heat treatment peas as seeds, middlings and bran broad beans as seeds, middlings and bran horse beans as seeds, vetches as seeds and lupin as seeds... 

The faba bean, also known as field bean, horse bean and broad bean, is an annual legume that grows well in cool climates. It is well established as a feedstuff for horses and ruminants and is now receiving more attention as a feedstuff for poultry, particularly in Europe, because of the deficit in protein production. At the current time, the EU uses over 20 million t of protein feeds annually, but produces only 6 million t. The most suitable expansion in locally produced protein feedstuffs may be from crops of the legume family (beans, peas, lupins and soybeans). Field beans grow well in regions with mild winters and adequate summer rainfall and the beans store well for use on-farm. 

Farrell, D.J., Perez-Malondano, R.A. and Mannion, P.F. (1999) Optimum inclusion of field peas, faba beans, chick peas and sweet lupins in poultry diets. II. Broiler experiments. British Poultry Science 40, 674-680. 

Moschini, M., Masoero, F., Prandini, A., Fusconi, G., Morlacchini, M. and Piva, G. (2005) Raw pea (Pisum sativum), raw faba bean (Vicia faba var. minor) and raw lupin (Lupinus albus var. multitalia) as alternative protein sources in broiler diets. Italian Journal of Animal Science 4,59-69. 

In 2004, terbuthylazine continues to be a major component of herbicide programs in Europe, especially in com. At a country level, the Netherlands treats almost 100% of com, while on the low end, Austria treats 35% of com hectares with terbuthylazine. Approximately 60% of the combined area in corn production in Europe received terbuthylazine, including Germany, Italy, and Belgium. Terbuthylazine is used in more than 45 countries and remains a key weed control tool in crops such as com, sorghum, pea, bean, lupin, grape, pome fruit, citrus, and vine. 

Cantharidin (Figure 13), isolated from Spanish fly (Lylta vesicatoria L.), inhibits the growth of very young lupin (Lupinus albus L.) seedlings, Medico sativa L., Raphanus sativus L. and Brassica napus L. and Brassica napus L. seed germination at 20 ppm. It also inhibits the growth of wheat coleoptiles, com, tobacco and bean plants (241, 242). 

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